2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 6 Disaster and hope Starting out .doc

1、课时素养评价十六Unit 6Starting out & Understanding ideas. 单句语法填空1. Many people were surprised by the governments announcement (announce) that there will be a cut in taxes. 2. The later eruptions (erupt)were less violent and caused no significant damage. 3. What is occurring (occur) today is only a repeat of

2、 yesterday. 4. When she asks you to do something, you do it immediately (immediate). 5. It was one of the greatest sea disasters (disaster)in human history. . 选词填空pick up, look through, react to, in the face of, after all1. They are my friends, after all. 2. The students were looking through a micro

3、scope at plant cells. 3. We wondered how he reacted to the news. 4. We should have a broad heart in the face of life. 5. He picked up some English when travelling in America. . 完成句子1. Its possible that we will often fly up into space in future. 今后, 我们有可能经常飞上太空。2. Now that youve passed the test, you

4、can drive on your own. 既然你通过测试了, 你可以自己开车了。3. Whats more/In addition, I havent done enough practice for them. 而且, 我也没有为它们做充分的训练和准备。. 阅读理解AA meteorite(陨石)moved quickly across the sky and exploded(爆炸)over central Russia on Feb. 15, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashe

5、d windows, damaged buildings and injured 1, 200 people. People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1, 500 km east of Moscow. The fireball, travelling at a speed

6、of 30 km per second according to Russian Federal Space Agency(Roscosmos), had blazed(熊熊燃烧)across the horizon(地平线), leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away. Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. T

7、he Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare sight, also released a great explosive sound. “I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day, ” said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident(居民)of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains, “felt like I was

8、 blinded by headlights(车前灯). ”The meteorite, which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron, entered Earths atmosphere and broke apart 30 km50 km above ground, according to Russias Academy of Sciences. “The energy released(释放)when it entered the Earths atmosphere was equal to a few kil

9、o tonnes, ” the academy said, “the power of a small atomic weapon exploding. ”No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Ural Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.

10、 The Interior Ministry said about 1, 200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them were children, and most from broken pieces of glass. 【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的事件。文章详细记述了当时人们看到的情景和感受以及它对周围环境的影响。1. What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?A. It is a very huge ball ma

11、de of iron. B. It quickly broke apart on the ground. C. It exploded over Russias Ural Region. D. Its similar to an A-bomb in weight. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的A meteorite moved quickly across the sky and exploded over central Russia on Feb. 15(2月15日, 一颗陨石迅速地划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸)和第五段中的“I was driving to work. It wa

12、s quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day, ” said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. (乌拉尔地区叶卡捷琳堡的一位36岁的居民Viktor Prokofiev说: “我正在开车去上班的路上。天很黑了, 但是突然又亮得像是白天一样”)可知, 这块陨石是在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的。2. The underlined word “smashed” in Paragraph 1 is closest

13、in meaning to “_”. A. brokeB. meltedC. burnedD. cleared【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段句意可知, 陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸, 火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域, 产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼, 使1 200人受伤。呼应第四段中的Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken。所以空格处单词与broken是近义呼应, 都是形容windows的。broke“弄碎, 弄坏”;melted“熔化”;burned“烧毁”;cleared“清除, 使干净”。3. We can kno

14、w from the passage that _. A. Moscow is 1, 500 kilometers away from the east of ChelyabinskB. many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missingC. Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare sightD. the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的mobi

15、le phone networks were interrupted for a short time(手机的网络信号被中断了一小会儿)可知, 冲击波使移动网络短时间内中断。4. What can be the best title for the passage?A. “Meteorite Rush” Begins in RussiaB. President Putin Orders AssistanceC. Meteorite Hits Russia, 1, 200 People HurtD. Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia【解析】选C。主旨大意

16、题。这是一篇新闻报道, 根据题材特点, 首段就点明了这篇文章的中心内容。由第一段段意“陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸, 火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域, 产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼, 使1 200人受伤。”可知, 这篇报道不仅要告诉读者这个事件, 还要向读者传达它带来的严重后果, 以及它对周围环境的影响。A项“ Meteorite Rush开始于俄罗斯”;B项“总统普京下令救援”;C项“陨石袭击俄罗斯, 1 200人受伤”;D项“陨石迅速飞过俄罗斯”, 只有选项C在交代事件的同时也强调了后果。BHi Danny, Greetings from the Great Barrier Reef!

17、Im riding on a sailing boat with some relatives as I write this. Were diving here all next week. The reef is located in the Coral Sea that is off the northeast coast of Australia. The reef is made up of many corals. Corals are very hard and made of many tiny animals called “polyps” that look like un

18、derwater flowers. The corals need help to eat. They have a special relationship with other small animals, “algae” (藻类), which take in sunlight and make energy for the corals. Its the algae that give color to the corals. Because algae need sunlight, the corals are very close to the surface of the wat

19、er. Together, the many corals create a magical environment. They make a home for the animals that live in the sea. When I went diving the other day, I saw all types of different animalsdolphins, turtles (海龟) and sea snakes. I was surprised at being able to see some fish I see only in movies, like cl

20、own fish (小丑鱼). As I am diving, I can feel the spirit of this magical place. It seems that these animals arent surprised to see me. Maybe they think Im another fish!Sadly, according to scientists, the Great Barrier Reef is dying because the water is getting warmer due to global warming. As the ocean

21、 gets warmer, the algae that live in the corals are cut off from the food they need for making energy. As a result, they leave the corals, and the corals die and lose their color. We see many dead white corals when we dive. We need to stop global warming and keep the water from getting hotter!See yo

22、u soon, Gloria【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章为作者写给Danny的一封信, 信中介绍了位于澳大利亚东北海岸的珊瑚海的大堡礁。介绍了大堡礁的环境, 以及由于全球变暖而导致大堡礁死亡的问题。5. Where is Gloria writing from?A. A sailing boat. B. Great Barrier Reef. C. A hotel room. D. A relatives house. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中Im riding on a sailing boat with some relatives as I write this. 可知

23、, 写这篇文章的时候, Gloria正和一些亲戚在一艘帆船上。6. What do algae do for corals?A. They give sunlight to the corals. B. They make energy for the corals to grow. C. They capture fish for the corals to eat. D. They allow the corals to move around. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中They have a special relationship with other small ani

24、mals, “algae”, which take in sunlight and make energy for the corals. 可知, 它们与其他小动物“藻类”有着特殊的关系, 藻类吸收阳光, 为珊瑚提供能量。由此可知, 藻类为珊瑚生长提供能量。7. Why is the coral reef described as “magical”?A. The author had never been there before. B. The area can allow the animals to do magical things. C. Its another world wit

25、h many animals and colors. D. Corals grow only at the Great Barrier Reef. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中Its the algae that give color to the corals. 可知是藻类给了珊瑚颜色, 因此珊瑚礁是一个有色彩的世界。以及第三段中They make a home for the animals that live in the sea. 可知, 它们为生活在海里的动物建了一个家。由此可知, 珊瑚礁被描述为“神奇的”, 因为这是另一个有许多动物和色彩的世界。8. Why is the

26、 writer sad about the future of the corals?A. She fears they will eventually die from global warming. B. When corals die, they lose their color and turn to a boring white. C. Not enough people will have a chance to see this magical place. D. Shes sad that the corals and algae will break their relati

27、onship. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Sadly, according to scientists, the Great Barrier Reef is dying because the water is getting warmer due to global warming. 可知, 不幸的是, 根据科学家的说法, 由于全球变暖, 海水变暖, 大堡礁正在死亡。由此可知, 作者对珊瑚的未来感到悲伤, 是因为她担心它们最终会死于全球变暖。. 阅读填句I recently received an e-mail from a wise speaker. In his e-mai

28、l, he pointed out some obstacles that lie ahead on the way to success. 1Laziness. Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be in vain unless youre willing to take action. 2 Post your visions and plans in your bedroom, bathroom and office. Share them with others. In that

29、 case, everyone could be your supervisor. Make yourself responsible and become the master of your destiny. Doubt. 3 Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the smartest but for those who dont give up. Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path, you owe it to you

30、rself to remain confident in your plan. 4Dishonesty. As you begin to be successful, youll tend to lie, exaggerate(夸大), and cheat in order to move your agenda forward. However, taking the easy way of dishonesty will make you become the person you hate. 5 True success comes when you are a person of yo

31、ur word, when you have a pure conscience(良心), and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top. A. Only the brave can overcome this first obstacle. B. His thoughts were so deep and insightful that I edited them. C. Write down your goals and the action steps youll take to pursue those goal

32、s. D. In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth. E. Adjust it as needed along the way, but always know that success will ultimately be yours. F. Once youve made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed. G. If you cant experience gr

33、atitude, you might as well have stayed exactly where you started. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者传达了成功路上需克服的几个障碍: 懒惰、不自信以及不诚实。1. 【解析】选B。空格位于段尾。分析文章的篇章结构可知, 这篇文章采用的是总分形式, 这句话起承上启下的作用, 引出下面作者即将论述的三点内容。空格前一句句意为“在他的电子邮件里, 他指出了成功路上需要克服的一些障碍”。选项B(他的想法非常深刻且有洞察力, 于是我引用了它们。)与上一句句意相符, 且其中的His与上句中的he形成很明显的呼应关系, 故选B。2. 【解析

34、】选C。空格位于段中。由空格所在段落的第一句话“Laziness”可知, 这段内容是与懒惰紧密相关的。空格前一句句意为“即使目标正确, 也有勇气去实现它, 如果你不采取行动, 你的努力也将会变得无价值。”选项C(写下你的目标和你要实现那些目标需要采取的行动)与上句句意吻合。并且其中的goals与the action steps都可与上一句形成呼应关系。故选C。3. 【解析】选F。空格位于段中。虽然空格位于段中, 但是第一句是本段中心词。所以第一句会紧密围绕中心词展开。由“Doubt”可知, 这段主要讲怀疑。选项F(一旦你做了决定, 怀疑就像一条蠕虫能消耗掉你成功的能力)是对Doubt的解释,

35、并且这句话主语doubt也与中心词呼应。故选F。4. 【解析】选E。空格位于段尾。空格上一句句意为“不要让怀疑挡在你的路上, 你要自己决定保证对你的计划充满自信。”选项E(需要的时候可以调整它, 但是要记住成功最终会是你自己的。)与上句句意吻合, 且其中的it指代上句中的plan, “always know that success will ultimately be yours”与上句中的“Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path”也呼应。故选E。5. 【解析】选D。空格位于段中。由首句“Dishonesty”可知, 这段内容主要与“

36、不诚实”有关。选项D(最后, 它会造成比讲真话带来的风险更多的问题。)是描述的Dishonesty的后果, 并且其中的“telling the truth”与Dishonesty形成反义呼应。故选D。. 完形填空(2020扬州高一检测)In some areas of the world the weather is very 1 and this fact plays an important part in the daily lives of the people. 2 they are farmers, fishermen, or sailors, for instance, they

37、 3 know about these changes ahead of time. Space scientists and airplane pilots 4 need weather information. Since earliest time, men have 5 the sky, the wind, and the atmosphere, as well as a variety of other weather signs, in order to make weather 6. But often their weather predictions have not bee

38、n accurate (准确的). Now there are government bureaus (局, 处) in many places that 7 weather conditions very carefully. They use a lot of scientific 8 to help them make their forecasts (预报). For instance, they have instruments to 9 speed and direction of the wind. Thus they can predict the path of a stor

39、m. They have special balloons, ships, and airplanes to help them10 their accuracy, and they make use of radar, satellites and computers to gather 11 information. Today when a pilot takes off from an airport, he 12 know what kind of weather to expect when he reaches his destination (目的地). If there is

40、 13 rain or snow in the mountains, a weather bureau can predict the day and 14 the hour that a river may overflow (使涨满) its banks many miles away. When a storm is moving in a certain direction, the people in that area can learn of it ahead of time and 15 it. 【文章大意】天气对人们的生活很重要, 介绍了以前人们是怎么预测天气的, 还有现在人

41、们是怎么预测天气的, 对人们有什么作用。1. A. fineB. terribleC. changeableD. changeless【解析】选C。根据下文可知天气是多变的。2. A. BecauseB. ThoughC. IfD. When【解析】选C。表示假设, 如果他们是农民、渔夫、水手。用if。3. A. canB. mayC. willD. need to【解析】选D。结合上下文可知天气变化很重要, 所以他们需要提前知道天气变化。4. A. generallyB. especiallyC. usuallyD. seldom【解析】选B。根据上下文可知是强调空间科学家和飞行员尤其需要知

42、道天气信息。5. A. noticedB. observedC. sawD. discovered【解析】选B。根据下文可知人们是观察天气变化, 而不仅仅指看天气变化。6. A. study B. result C. informationD. predictions 【解析】选D。根据上下文可知人们是通过观察一些天气特征来预测天气。7. A. researchB. studyC. learnD. watch 【解析】选B。根据上下文应该是研究天气条件, study和research都可表示“研究”, study偏向于学术研究, 有深入研究的意思, research偏向社会研究, 社会调查。8

43、. A. waysB. assistantsC. instrumentsD. equipment 【解析】选D。根据上文可知是他们用很多科学的设备来帮助他们做天气预报。9. A. measureB. makeC. findD. discover【解析】选A。跟speed and direction搭配, 表示“测量风速和风向”。10. A. studyB. predictC. promoteD. know【解析】选C。根据上下文应该是用上述的设备来提升精确度。11. A. necessaryB. impossible C. mustD. priceless【解析】选A。根据上文可知这些信息是必

44、要的(necessary)。12. A. shouldB. canC. personD. might【解析】选B。根据语境可知是能够知道到达目的地时是哪种天气。13. A. lightB. slightC. largeD. heavy【解析】选D。形容雨雪很大, 用形容词heavy。14. A. evenB. alsoC. besidesD. including 【解析】选A。根据语境可知是表示能够预测得很精确, “甚至”表示程度。15. A. leaveB. changeC. prepareD. prepare for【解析】选D。根据上文可知是提前知道风暴来临可以为此做准备, prepare后加介词for, 表示“为某事做准备”。