2020-2021学年高中英语 课时素养评价（九）Unit 21 Human Biology Warm-up .doc

1、课时素养评价 九Unit 21Warm-up & Lesson 1. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空1. His mind still seems clear and his hearing (hear) is excellent. 2. The prices of milk and cereals are fixed annually(annual). 3. The paper has proved unable to maintain its circulation(circulate) figures. 4. They sought(seek) the help of a marriage

2、counsellor. 5. To be honest, I am opposed (oppose) to your plan. 6. I was still very doubtful(doubt) about the chances for success. 7. I swapped (swap) my red scarf for her blue one. 8. He was accused of abusing (abuse) his elderly mother. 9. We are faced with two apparently contradictory (contradic

3、t) statements. 10. Nutrients from the digested ( digest)food can be absorbed into the blood. . 用适当的介词或副词填空1. He tried in vain to keep the two dogs apart before the neighbour intervened. 2. Do your job well,and achieve quarterly targets at all costs. 3. The two groups are chosen at random,so its fair

4、. 4. They came to conclusions diametrically opposed to ours. 5. What children eat is fundamental to their health, growth and development. 6. We seek for providing perfect service to satisfy our customers. 7. The guard is relieved at intervals. 8. All children will tend to suffer from separation from

5、 their parents and siblings. . 完成句子1. Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 看电视新闻已经成了我的习惯。2. It is very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. 对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。3. If you had obeyed orders, this disaster wouldnt have happened. 要是你服从了命令,这场灾难就不会发生了。4. You should understand by now,

6、 you have had it explained often enough! 现在你该明白了,对你解释的次数够多了。5. There is no doubt that he is an honest man. 毫无疑问,他是一个诚实的人。. 阅读理解AWhen I was an IT manager after college graduation I was assigned to work with a wealthy customer and be a go-between(中间人)for my company. I took on the assignment happily, t

7、hinking that this might be my time to shine. However, the customers demands proved to be more than I could do with. And the company chose to stand by the customer and try to meet his unreasonable requirements rather than stick to what we had originally offered in the contract. As you can imagine, th

8、is led to a lot of unexpected problems and arguing with some of the staff who refused to do anything outside their scope(范围)of work. I remember walking into my office one morning, opening my laptop and staring at the blank screen for long, thinking to myself: What should I do? That was a difficult t

9、ime in my life and then I finally had to give up my first job and left that company sadly. Perhaps, I thought then, I could find the job that didnt involve dealing with difficult people and difficult situations. But later I realized: Is this possible in our modern world? No, it is impossible. Now, I

10、 know, I shouldnt run away from the challenges I faced in life: I had to learn how to deal with them. I regret not persevering(坚持)in my job. We should train ourselves to look at things from a positive point of view, because that is far better than being trapped in the bad circle depression. Ive come

11、 to see that when faced with difficulties, I should not give up, but persevere. 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者大学毕业后成为一家IT公司的经理,在与一个富有的客户打交道的过程中,作者受不了他提出的一些过分要求而愤然离开了公司。但后来的经历使作者意识到,不和难对付的人和事打交道是不可能的。由此作者意识到: 生活中遇到困难时要坚持,不要放弃。1. Why did the author take the work assigned to him happily?A. He wanted to please t

12、he boss. B. The work was very easy for him to do. C. He failed to find a job many times before. D. He thought it was time to prove his ability. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“I took on the assignment happily, thinking that this might be my time to shine. ”可知,作者愉快地接受这份工作的原因是,他认为这是证明他工作能力的时候。故选D。2. What does t

13、he underlined word “this” in the first paragraph mean?A. Arguing with some of the staff. B. Meeting customers unreasonable requirements. C. Accepting the assignment without hesitation. D. Sticking to what had been originally offered in the contract. 【解析】选B。代词指代题。根据上文“And the company chose to stand b

14、y the customer and try to meet his unreasonable requirements rather than stick to what we had originally offered in the contract. ”可知,公司选择支持客户,尽量满足他的不合理要求,而不是坚持当初合同的内容,这引起了很多意想不到的问题,所以画线词指的是“客户的不合理要求”。故选B。3. What made the author leave his first job?A. The depressing job situation. B. The low payment

15、. C. His lack of ability. D. A better job waiting for him. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者接受了IT经理的工作后,本以为这是证明自己能力的时候,但由于公司偏袒客户,这使得作者在工作中遇到很多麻烦,心情很不愉快,人生处于一段困难时期。故选A。4. Whats the best title of the text?A. Running away from challengesB. Persevering instead of giving upC. Refusing to argue with customersD. L

16、earning to take on more than one can【解析】选B。标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知,作者通过换工作的经历体会到,要学会用积极的态度看待事物,不能逃避生活中遇到的困难,要坚持不要放弃,所以B项体现了本文的主题。故选B。BStaying up late doing homework is always tiring. And perhaps when we become tired, we feel the need to eat unhealthy snack food. Recently scientists have been investigating

17、tiredness and snack food. According to a study in the Journal of Neuroscience, people are more likely to take snacks when they dont get enough sleep. For the study, researchers from University of Cologne in Germany gave the same dinner to 32 healthy men aged between 19 and 33. Half of the men were t

18、hen sent home to bed, and the other half were kept awake in the laboratory all night. The next morning, the participants were asked to consider how much they would be willing to pay for snack food items shown to them in pictures. According to the researchers, all were similarly hungry in the morning

19、, and had similar levels of most hormones (荷尔蒙) and blood sugar. However, brain scans showed that when the sleep-deprived (缺少睡眠的) participants looked at the pictures of junk food, they released more of the “hunger hormone”. This is the hormone responsible for increasing the appetite, and making us c

20、onsume more. Asked about how much they would pay for snacks, “participants with sleep deprivation were more willing to overspend on food items than those with a good nights sleep,” researchers told Science Daily. Researchers also observed that among the people who hadnt slept, there was greater acti

21、vity in the part of the brain where food rewards are processed. The scientists think that sleep-deprived people experience changes to the hunger hormone and the brains reward system that then leads to a stronger desire to eat snacks with high fat and calories. “This brings us a little closer to unde

22、rstanding the mechanism (机制) behind how sleep deprivation changes food valuation,” Professor Jan Peters, a co-author of the study from the University of Cologne, told The Independent. Some tips on this: *Listen to some soft music to relieve your tiredness. *Do some slight exercise for a short time w

23、hen youre tired. *Eat yogurt or fruit to replace snacks with high fat and calories. *Distance yourself from snacks. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。德国科隆大学的研究人员发现,晚上熬夜的人更容易吃快餐,这对健康没有好处。5. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Less sleep leads to more snacks. B. Staying up late does harm to health. C. Tir

24、edness is the cause of less sleep. D. We need no snacks when we sleep. 【解析】选A。 推理判断题。根据前两段内容可知,晚上熬夜会造成疲劳,而疲劳又会使人更容易吃快餐。故选A。6. What makes people eat more junk food according to the study?A. Blood sugar. B. Food items. C. The hunger hormone. D. Fat and calories. 【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“This is the hor

25、mone responsible for increasing the appetite, and making us consume more. ”可知,是身体内的荷尔蒙使人产生多吃快餐的欲望。故选C。7. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. People who lack sleep usually spend less on food items. B. Listening to soft music helps people feel relaxed. C. Exercise as much as you

26、 can when you are tired. D. People who sleep well can get food rewards. 【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据文中“Some tips on this: ”部分的“Listen to some soft music to relieve your tiredness. ”可知,听轻音乐有助于缓解疲劳。故选B。8. Whats the authors attitude towards snacks?A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Negative. D. Neutral. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。

27、根据文中unhealthy,junk,replace,Distance等词可知,作者不赞同人们吃快餐。故选C。. 语法填空The novel coronavirus (冠状病毒) has much in common 1. _seasonal flu. They are both infectious, share similar symptoms and crucially(关键地) can spread from human to human. In the midst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere,2. _(tell)

28、the difference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread. Human coronaviruses, of 3. _there are four, can cause respiratory (呼吸道)infections similar to flu. While many symptoms are mild, both can lead to pneumonia(肺炎) and become lethal(致命的). 4. _, the novel coronavirus is more serious than

29、 5. _ typical influenza infection(流感). This virus appears to go 6. _(far) down into the lungs than would generally be the case. Therefore, it will give you 7. _(symptom) of pneumonia(肺炎): the lungs becoming flooded, they dont function very well and the patient gets into breathing difficulty. While t

30、he mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel coronavirus may end up being similar, humans ability 8. _(fight) off the viruses differs greatly. Humans have naturally built up antibodies to seasonal flu and annual vaccines 9. _(develop) to fight it. During a pandemic(流行病), which the new coronaviru

31、s has the potential to become, there is no immunity(免疫性) in the population, so you have potential for a 10. _(globe) spread. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。新型冠状病毒与季节性流感有相似之处,然而区分二者对于抑制新型冠状病毒的传播非常重要。1. 【解析】with。考查固定短语中的介词。have much in common with 是固定短语,意为“与有很多相似之处”,故填with。2. 【解析】telling。考查非谓语动词。此处用动名词作主语,故填telling。3

32、. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知,逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词coronaviruses,故填which。4. 【解析】However。考查连接副词。根据句意可知,上下文是转折关系,再根据后面的逗号可知,本空填However。5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。influenza infection是可数名词,此处表泛指,故填不定冠词a。6. 【解析】farther。考查比较级。根据后面的than可知,此处要用比较级形式,故填farther。7. 【解析】symptoms。考查名词。symptom是可数名词,此处表泛指,前面又没有其他限定词,故应用复数形式。8. 【解析】to fight。考查非谓语动词。ability后常用不定式作后置定语,故填to fight。9. 【解析】have been developed。考查时态和语态。根据空前的have naturally built up可知,本空应填现在完成时;另外,develop与主语之间是被动关系,故填have been developed。10. 【解析】global。考查形容词。此处用形容词修饰后面的名词spread,故填global。