2021届高考英语二轮复习 强化专练 考点13 书面表达概要写作（含解析）.docx

1、考点13 书面表达概要写作Writing 1（2020上海市大同中学高三期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wors as far as possible.Pedestrians onlyThe concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time. During the Midd

2、le Ages, traffic-free shopping areas were built to allow people to shop in comfort and, more importantly, safety. The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly. Dirty exhaust fumes from cars and the risks invo

3、lved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience. Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets, and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers. They believed that such a mov

4、e would be bad for business. They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars. When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic, there were even noisy demonstrations, as many shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.However, research carried

5、out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent. On Copenhagens main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent. Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, USA, were so impr

6、essed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street, many shops, especially those selling things like clothes, food and smaller luxury items, prospered. Unfortunate

7、ly, it wasnt good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances actually saw their sales drop. Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre. Today they are a common feature on the outskirts of towns and cities, often situated in out-of-town

8、retail zones with their own car parks and other local facilities.【答案】The idea of traffic-free shopping areas appeared long ago. In the 1960s, the modern, pedestrian shopping street came into existence for a cleaner and safer shopping environment. At first, shopkeepers objected that it would affect b

9、usiness. Actually, the idea resulted in better sales and gained support later. However, shops selling large products lost customers and had to move to outskirts.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，无交通的购物区在很久以前就出现了，步行街的出现追溯到20世纪60年代。起初步行街的概念遭到了很多店主的反对，认为会影响生意，但后来销售量的增长让他们改变了看法。但是售卖大型商品的商店不得不搬到了郊区。【详解】1.要点摘录The concep

10、t of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty exhaust fumes from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an

11、 unpleasant and dangerous experience.At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagens main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases o

12、f 25-40 percent.Unfortunately, it wasnt good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre. Today they are a common feature on the outskirts of towns and cities, ofte

13、n situated in out-of-town retail zones with their own car parks and other local facilities.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行重组，将第2、3个要点进行整合，将第4、5个要点进行整合，将6、7个要点进行整合，将第8、9、10个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句The modern, traffic-free shopping street for a pleased and safe shopping environment.At the beginning, shopkeepers resisted it with

14、the reason that it will influence their business.Shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances actually saw their sales drop, which were forced to move to outskirts of towns and cities for it is convenient to park cars.【点睛】高分句型1 In the 1960s, the modern, pedestrian shopping street came in

15、to existence for a cleaner and safer shopping environment.（用for加两个名词短语的形式概括了第2、3个要点，简洁明了且概括准确）高分句型2 At first, shopkeepers objected that it would affect business.（用that引导的宾语从句概括了起初店主们反对步行街的理由）高分句型3 However, shops selling large products lost customers and had to move to outskirts.（用however转折句表明此处与前文的对

16、比关系） Writing2（2020上海金山区高三一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Will people reduce car use in 20 years？Nowadays, the ownership of cars is no longer being recognized as a s

17、ymbol of ones wealth and social position. Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldnt help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to peoples daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelli

18、ng many negative effects. These rising problems also cause some people to predict that the use of cars might be reduced in two decades.Above all, the use of cars remarkably threatens our environment, if such a tendency is not brought under control in time, the Earth will no longer be a suitable plac

19、e for humans to survive in the future. People have to face the consequence. It is a reality from which no one is able to escape. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which

20、 causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In order to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, people ought to reduce the use of cars.In fact, diversified measures a

21、re being taken by the government to limit the use of cars. If such a tendency continues, the effect will be shown in the near future. For example, to reach the goal of building a safe and harmonious society, Beijing Traffic Management Bureau has restricted regional traffic in rush hours on working d

22、ays. A number of private cars are prohibited on no-driving-days.Last, the advancement of public transportation systems also helps change car owners way of travelling. Efforts are being made to construct more agreeable networks of buses, subways, trains and airplanes. In the meanwhile, advances in te

23、chnology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.【答案】Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, cars have caused many negative effects. First, by emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Besides, energy-consuming cars are

24、 not sustainable to the society. Therefore, the government has taken various measures like restrictions. Last, public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech. (58words)【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有汽车已不是财富和社会地位的象征，有车一族数量的增加带来了许多负面影响，威胁着我们的环境，浪费了更多的能源，并提出人们应该减少汽车的使用，通过政府采取措施，公共交通系统进步改变人们出行方式，技术进步降低乘

25、坐公共交通成本等方法减少私家车的使用。【详解】1 要点摘录Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldnt help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to peoples daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negat

26、ive effects. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.In the me

27、anwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组；将3、4两个要点进行整合；将5、6两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, cars have caused many negative effects. By emitting greenhouse gases, t

28、hey threaten the environment. Energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society. the government has taken various measures like restrictions.public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech.【点睛】高分句型1 Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to peoples life, c

29、ars have caused many negative effects. 运用介词“Despite+名词”表示“即使”，对原文第一段进行了概括。表达高级。高分句型2：By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. 用介词短语作方式状语对第二段的大量使用私家车造成空气污染的消极影响进行了概括，表达非常高级。Writing3（2020上海浦东新区高三一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s

30、) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Solving the Problem of E-WasteOne of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. A more recent addition to the list of things we chuck away is e-waste - electronic items that are broken and n

31、ot recycled.Tonnes of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded chiefly because we lack the skills to repair them. Fortunately, now solutions are being found to give e-waste a new life.Theres a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the

32、 growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. A Restart Project in London, is one that many found around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that this project allows you to reduce waste, extend the life of objects, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items tha

33、t have developed a fault.As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting these materials from electronic appliances. Its thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining.T

34、hese projects make total sense - collections of e-waste for recycling are depressing or even decreasing according to Ruediger Kuehr, of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no laws, much of it just gets dumped. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle t

35、he problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years._【答案】One of the problems destroying our planet is the stuff we throw away, especially broken and not recycled electronic items. Fortunately, people are fin

36、ding solutions to give e-waste a new life. Repair events as well as club could be of help, and e-waste mining is also a new way to deal with the problem of e-waste. Besides, there are even laws insisting manufacturers make appliances longer-lasting in some countries.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，破坏人类地球环境的问题之一是

37、我们扔掉的东西太多了。近年来，在我们扔掉的东西清单上又增加了一项坏了、无法回收的电子产品。本文介绍一些用来处理电子垃圾问题的新方法。【详解】1 要点摘录 One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. now solutions are being found to give e-waste a new life.Theres a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to

38、 the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle the problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting2.缜密构思 将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整

39、合。 3.遣词造句 One of the problems destroying our planet is the stuff we throw away, especially broken and not recycled electronic items.Fortunately, People are finding solutions to give e-waste a new life. Repair events as well as club could be of help, and e-waste mining is also a new ways to deal with

40、 the problem of e-waste. Besides, there are even laws insisting manufacturers make appliances longer-lasting in some countries.【点睛】高分句型1 One of the problems destroying our planet is the stuff we throw away, especially broken and not recycled electronic items. 运用一个定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。 高分句型2： Repair event

41、s as well as club could be of help, and e-waste mining is also a new way to deal with the problem of e-waste. 用并列句对三四段内容进行概括。 Writing 4（2020上海杨浦区高三期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as f

42、ar as possible.What Is Zero Waste?The goal of the “zero waste” movement is to get rid of all waste from products. “Zero waste” means using every part of a product. Today, the zero waste idea can be found everywhere from food to fashion.Creating a zero waste restaurant is a challenge. It is very diff

43、icult to use every part of produce and leave nothing behind. Creating a soup from unused ingredients is a popular way to use up extra food items. Other ways are more advanced. Some restaurants use coffee grounds（咖啡渣）to flavor dishes. Some cooks also crush shrimp shells and reuse them in sauces. Whil

44、e its challenging, zero waste restaurants appear to be on the rise.In the fashion industry, zero waste isnt a new idea. But in todays world of fast fashion, zero waste is growing more popular. Usually, cutting cloth creates lots of waste. In zero waste fashion, designers try to avoid this. One way t

45、o do so is by adding these extra pieces of cloth to the final design. Another way is to design clothing without wasteful cuts.Beyond restaurants and fashion, there are many other possibilities for zero waste products. All restaurants need utensils（器皿）. Bakeys is a company that is developing edible（可

46、食用的）utensils. After using them, you can eat them! Their spoons are made of flour and come in all kinds of flavors. While these spoons are not hard enough to cut meat, they are perfect for rice dishes. Meanwhile, Air New Zealand is experimenting with edible coffee cups that are made by the company Tw

47、ice. They have already introduced a line of flavored cups. After you finish your coffee, you eat the cup, just like a cookie!Whether products are made to be edible or reusable, hopefully the movement will help reduce waste all over the world.【答案】Zero waste means eliminating all the wastes from a pro

48、duct and the movement is gaining popularity. Some restaurants are using creative ways to use unused ingredients or food leftovers. Fashion designers either avoid unnecessarily cutting cloth or finding new uses for extra cuts. Besides, Many companies are creating edible products especially utensils.

49、Hopefully, zero waste campaign can help reduce waste worldwide.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了什么是零浪费。零浪费意味着从一个产品中消除所有的浪费，这个运动越来越流行。一些餐馆正在创造性地使用未使用的配料或食物残羹剩饭。时装设计师要么避免不必要的裁剪布料，要么寻找额外布料的新用途。此外，许多公司正在创造食用产品，特别是餐具。希望零浪费运动可以帮助减少全球的废物。【详解】1 要点摘录1）“Zero waste” means using every part of a product. Today, the zero waste

50、idea can be found everywhere from food to fashion.2）Some restaurants use coffee grounds（咖啡渣）to flavor dishes. Some cooks also crush shrimp shells and reuse them in sauces. While its challenging, zero waste restaurants appear to be on the rise.3）One way to do so is by adding these extra pieces of clo

51、th to the final design. Another way is to design clothing without wasteful cuts.4）Beyond restaurants and fashion, there are many other possibilities for zero waste products.5）Whether products are made to be edible or reusable, hopefully the movement will help reduce waste all over the world.2.缜密构思将第

52、1、2、3、4、5五个要点分别概括。3.遣词造句 Zero waste means eliminating all the wastes from a product and the movement is gaining popularity.Some restaurants are using creative ways to use unused ingredients or food leftovers. Fashion designers either avoid unnecessarily cutting cloth or finding new uses for extra cu

53、ts. Besides, Many companies are creating edible products especially utensils. Hopefully, zero waste campaign can help reduce waste worldwide.【点睛】高分句型1 Some restaurants are using creative ways to use unused ingredients or food leftovers.运用动词不定式作定语修饰way，对第二段进行概括。高分句型2：Fashion designers either avoid un

54、necessarily cutting cloth or finding new uses for extra cuts.用avoid加动名词作宾语，用either or连接并列成分，对第三段进行概括，表达非常高级。Writing5（2020华东师范大学附属东昌中学高三月考）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possib

55、le.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a womans life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle

56、 twenties and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health

57、made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a womans youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by househ

58、old appliances and convenience foods.This important change in womans life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on womens economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they

59、 usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to

60、 full-or-part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities an

61、d interests of each of them.【答案】Womens lives have changed greatly, because they marry younger, have fewer children to care for, and have modern technology to help them, which makes it possible for them to get back to work. This results in womens rise in family economic position to share equally the

62、duties of supporting family and chores with their husbands.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，妇女的生活发生了巨大的变化，因为她们结婚更早，需要照顾的孩子更少，现代技术帮助她们，这使她们有可能回到工作岗位。这导致了女性在家庭经济地位的提高，与丈夫平等分担家庭和家务。【详解】1 要点摘录 The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women.Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Even wh

63、ile she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods. This important change in woman s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women s economic position.Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes ha

64、ve led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. 2.缜密构思 分别将第

65、1、2、3两个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点重组并与第6个要点进行精简整合。 3.遣词造句Womens lives have changed greatly, because they marry younger, have fewer children to care for, and have modern technology to help them, which makes it possible for them to get back to work. This results in womens rise in family economic position to shar

66、e equally the duties of supporting family and chores with their husbands.【点睛】高分句型1 Womens lives have changed greatly, because they marry younger, have fewer children to care for, and have modern technology to help them, which makes it possible for them to get back to work.运用一个复杂的主从复食句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中有

67、because引导原因状语从句，和which引导的非限制性定语从句等复杂句式。 高分句型2：This results in womens rise in family economic position to share equally the duties of supporting family and chores with their husbands.本句运用了动词不定式，对第二段进行了概括，表达精准、高级。Writing 6（2020上海嘉定区高三一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea a

68、nd the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Tai Chi Can Reduce Falls in Old PeopleOld people who took part in a structured programme of Tai Chi found that their balance and physical strength improved, reducing the risk of falls, according to a

69、paper in the latest Journal of Advanced Nursing.Researchers studied a group of fall-prone (易摔跤的) adults, with an average age of 78, living in residential care. 29 people undertook a 12-week Tai Chi programme and the other 30 formed the non-exercise control group. The exercise programme consisted of

70、10 minutes of warming-up exercises, 20 minutes of Sun-style Tai Chi movement and 5 minutes of cooling down exercises. During the exercise, traditional instrumental music was used. It helped the group maintain slow and continuous movements and provide a comforting effect.Both groups underwent a serie

71、s of tests before and after the 12-week exercise programme. They measured their muscle strength, balance and confidence in avoiding falls. Researchers analyzed the data and compared them with those of the non-exercise control group. They found that the physical fitness of the exercise group showed s

72、ignificant improvement, with stronger knee and ankle muscles, improved flexibility and better balance.Tai Chi, an ancient Chinese martial art (武术), consists of a series of slow, gentle, continuous movements. It is particularly suitable for old people as it helps them to develop stronger muscles and

73、better balance and concentration. “Our study shows that low-intensity exercise such as Tai Chi has great potential for health promotion. It can help old people to avoid falls by developing their balance, muscle strength and confidence,” says Professor Song. “We believe that regular exercise should b

74、e a fundamental part of caring for old people living both in the community and in residential care.”【答案】A structured Tai Chi program can help old people avoid falls. Researchers divided 59 fall-prone adults aged 78 on average into two groups. The exercise group receiving 12-week Tai Chi programs sho

75、wed remarkable improvement in muscles, flexibility and balance compared with the non-exercise group. Researchers suggest old people should practice Tai Chi to promote health.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，练习太极拳可以帮助老年人避免跌倒。在一项研究中，研究人员将平均年龄为78岁的老人分为两组，一组参加为期12周的太极拳锻炼，另一组不参加。研究结果表明，参加太极拳锻炼的那一组在肌肉、柔韧性和平衡方面有显著改善。研究人

76、员建议老年人应该练习太极来促进健康。【详解】1.要点摘录Old people who took part in a structured programme of Tai Chi found that their balance and physical strength improved, reducing the risk of falls.Researchers studied a group of fall-prone (易摔跤的) adults, with an average age of 78, living in residential care.29 people under

77、took a 12-week Tai Chi programme and the other 30 formed the non-exercise control group.They found that the physical fitness of the exercise group showed significant improvement, with stronger knee and ankle muscles, improved flexibility and better balance.Our study shows that low-intensity exercise

78、 such as Tai Chi has great potential for health promotion.We believe that regular exercise should be a fundamental part of caring for old people living both in the community and in residential care.2.缜密构思将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合，第5、6两个要点进行整合3.遣词造句A structured Tai Chi program can help old people a

79、void falls.Researchers divided 59 fall-prone adults aged 78 on average into two groups.The exercise group receiving 12-week Tai Chi programs showed remarkable improvement in muscles, flexibility and balance compared with the non-exercise group.Researchers suggest old people should practice Tai Chi t

80、o promote health.【点睛】高分句型1 The exercise group receiving 12-week Tai Chi programs showed remarkable improvement in muscles, flexibility and balance compared with the non-exercise group. 合理运用了非谓语动词，运用现在分词receiving 12-week Tai Chi programs作定语修饰group，对原文第三段内容进行了概括。高分句型2 Researchers suggest old people sh

81、ould practice Tai Chi to promote health. 运用一个that引导的宾语从句（that省略）对原文第四段内容进行了概括。Writing 7（2020上海市建平中学高三期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleIs renting clothes greener than

82、buying them?Clothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shoppers. But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated this questio

83、n and concluded that its not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. She writes

84、, “An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of carbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study b

85、y Levis.”Then theres the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when its returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced per

86、chloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant that is still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon alternatives, although these arent great either.Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because its so easily accessible

87、. Theres something called “share washing” that makes people engage in more wasteful behaviors precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as “a way to share rides and limit car ownership.” and yet “it has been pr

88、oven to discourage walking, bicycling, and public transportation use.”Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldnt let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. Theres an even better stepand thats wearing

89、 what is already in the closet.【答案】Despite a rising market for renting clothes, some research shows its not necessarily environmentally-friendly. Renting involves larger carbon emissions from two-way transportation of clothing and pollution caused by washing. Also, people tend to waste due to the ea

90、sy access to rental services with a false belief that sharing goes green. Therefore, its wiser to wear whats already in our wardrobe. (60 words)【分析】本文是一篇说明文。租衣服比买衣服真的更环保吗？记者兼作家Elizabeth Cline调查发现共享租衣的环保性并不像看上去的那样可持续。【详解】1 要点摘录Clothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers are demanding to get o

91、n board in hopes of attracting green shoppers. Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated this question and concluded that its not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transpor

92、tation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because its

93、 so easily accessible. because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Theres an even better stepand thats wearing what is already in the closet.2.缜密构思将第1点进行概括缩减；第2、3两个要点进行重组；将第4个要点进行整合；将第5个要点作为总结。3.遣词造句Despite a rising market for renting clothes, some research show

94、s its not necessarily environmentally-friendly.Renting involves larger carbon emissions from two-way transportation of clothing and pollution caused by washing.People tend to waste due to the easy access to rental services with a false belief that sharing goes green. Its wiser to wear whats already

95、in our wardrobe.【点睛】高分句型1 Despite a rising market for renting clothes, some research shows its not necessarily environmentally-friendly.（使用了despite引导的让步状语从句和省略that的宾语从句等表达高级）高分句型2 People tend to waste due to the easy access to rental services with a false belief that sharing goes green. （使用了由that连接的

96、同位语从句，用法比较高级。）高分句型3Its wiser to wear whats already in our wardrobe.（使用了it作形式主语和由what引导的宾语从句，表达非常高级。）Writing 8（2020山东青岛市高三期中） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。There are some important regulations parents can take to make sure their kids use cell phones in a safe and responsible way. When kids know what the

97、consequences are when rules arent followed, that makes life more predictable for them.Most kids are not paying for their cell phones or their cell phone plans, so if you pay for it, you own it, which means you have the right to take it away anytime if they disobey the rules you set up earlier.After

98、a kid has a cell phone, suddenly parents discover data runs out half way through the month. This can get expensive and your kids need to know how to monitor their use. Also, teen cell phone addiction should be limited. Generally, its a good idea to have no cell phone policy while they are doing home

99、work and at bedtime. Come to agreement in advance about what they are and arent allowed to download on their cell phone. There are some really bad apps for kids that you dont want on their phones.Make sure your kids understand how to set up their privacy. Talk with them about why guarding their priv

100、acy is so important. Many teens truly have no concept about everything that a cell phone can share about them including personal information and their location.You want to cover what is and isnt appropriate to share via a cell phone. This definitely means photos and language used in emails and on so

101、cial media. But dont forget simpler things like providing their address, their age or what school they go to online.Lastly, there are times and places when using ones cell phone is not appropriate. In movie theaters or during class time at school the phone should be on silent and put away. Additiona

102、lly, when someone is having a face to face conversation with them, they need to be looking at the person, not their phone.【答案】Parents can make rules to guide their kids to use cell phones safely and responsibly. (要点1) First, parents have the right to determine how to use cellphones because they own

103、them. (要点2) Besides, parents should teach kids to use cell phones wisely. (要点3) Lastly, it is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy. Meanwhile, when and where to use cell phones should also be told. (要点4)【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母可以采取一些重要的规定确保孩子安全、负责地使用手机。【详解】1 要点摘录There are some i

104、mportant regulations parents can take to make sure their kids use cell phones in a safe and responsible way. so if you pay for it, you own it, which means you have the right to take it away anytime if they disobey the rules you set up earlier. This can get expensive and your kids need to know how to

105、 monitor their use. Generally, its a good idea to have no cell phone policy while they are doing homework and at bedtime. Come to agreement in advance about what they are and arent allowed to download on their cell phone. Make sure your kids understand how to set up their privacy.You want to cover w

106、hat is and isnt appropriate to share via a cell phone. Lastly, there are times and places when using ones cell phone is not appropriate. 2.缜密构思将第3点进行整理概括，将第4、5两个要点进行重组3.遣词造句Parents can make rules to guide their kids to use cell phones safely and responsibly.Parents have the right to determine how to

107、 use cellphones because they own them.Parents should teach kids to use cell phones wisely.It is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy.When and where to use cell phones should also be told.【点睛】高分句型1 It is important to make sure they know how to protect their privacy.（使用了it作形式主

108、语，概括第四段的内容，表达非常高级。）高分句型2 When and where to use cell phones should also be told.（疑问词+不定式做主语，概括了最后一段的内容，用法比较高级）Writing 9（2020上海黄浦区高三月考）Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as poss

109、ible. Singapores Information Technology StrategySingapores information technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities. Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home, office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere

110、, either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation, every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity. The second l

111、eg is the education of our entire population in IT (information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic, computers are best learnt when we are young. Todays children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with t

112、his new technology. But, without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The strategy in Singapore is there

113、fore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook. Most Singaporeans now

114、 understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that h

115、e can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not now how to use a computer or the Internet.【答案】Singapores information tec

116、hnology strategy depends on two major ways. One is to construct world-class basic facilities by providing broad-band everywhere. The other is to teach each child information technology whatever his family background is, providing computers to students and teachers. The strategy has aroused the recog

117、nition of most Singaporeans and the employers will hopefully have computer literate employees.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡信息科技战略的两个方面。一方面是通过提供宽带，建立世界级的基础设施；另一方面是对全体人民进行信息技术教育。而且，大多数新加坡人民已经明白了信息技术的重要性。【详解】1 要点摘录1) Singapores information technology strategy rests on two major legs.2) The first leg is world

118、-class basic facilities. 3) Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, either wired or wireless.4) The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT (information technology). 5) The strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of h

119、is family background.6) Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT.7) An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not now how to use a computer or the Internet.2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合，将第6、7两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句One is to construct world-class

120、basic facilities by providing broad-band everywhere. The other is to teach each child information technology whatever his family background is, providing computers to students and teachers.The strategy has aroused the recognition of most Singaporeans and the employers will hopefully have computer li

121、terate employees.【点睛】高分句型1 The other is to teach each child information technology whatever his family background is, providing computers to students and teachers.运用让步状语从句，整合了两个句子，对原文第二段进行了概括。其中whatever引导的让步状语从句、动词ing作伴随状语等表达高级。高分句型2：The strategy has aroused the recognition of most Singaporeans and the employers will hopefully have computer literate employees.and引导的并列句。