2022-2023学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 语法精讲4 定语从句学案 牛津译林版必修第一册.doc

1、语法精讲定语从句1关系副词引导的限制性定语从句(1)when的用法when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time, day, morning, night, week, year等表示时间的名词。There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光抑或是花朵都不能令我着迷。特别注意先行词是表示时间的名词时，关系词是否用when，还需要判断关系词在从句

2、中所作的成分。We still remember the days when we spent our holiday together.我们仍然记得我们在一起度假的那些日子。(when在从句中作时间状语)It happened on the day when the marriage took place.事情就发生在举行婚礼的那天。(2)where的用法where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等表示具体地点的名词或point(地步)，case(情况)，situatio

3、n(情形)，position(位置)，stage(阶段)等表示抽象地点的名词。The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theatre is preparing to close down.这部电影以一座小镇为背景，这座小镇上唯一的电影院即将倒闭。What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？特别注意先行词是表示地点的名词时，关系词是否用where，还需要判断关系词在从句中所作的成

4、分。This is the house where we visited the famous writer last year.去年我们就是在这所房子里拜访了那位著名作家。(where在从句中作地点状语)The house (that/which) we visited last year is over 500 years old.去年我们参观的那座房子有500多年的历史了。(that/which在从句中作宾语)(3)why的用法why指原因或理由，它的先行词一般为reason，why在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。I have come around to explain the reas

5、on why (for which) I was absent from the meeting.我来是为了解释我当时没有到会的原因的。特别注意先行词是reason时，关系词是否用why，还需要判断关系词在从句中所作的成分。This is the reason why he was late.这就是他迟到的原因。(why在从句中作原因状语)Please tell me the reason (that/which) he explained to you.请告诉我他给你解释的原因。(that/which在从句中作宾语)(4)the way作先行词首先要确定关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。如果关系

6、词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或which，作宾语时，关系代词可省略。The way (that/which) he thought of to solve the problem was not practical.他所想到地解决这个问题的方法不切实际。如果关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用关系词in which，that或省略。This is the way (that/in which/不填) he learns English.这就是他学习英语的方法。即学即练1单句语法填空(1)I often think of the days _ we spent on the isl

7、and together.(2)There are some reasons _ they do this.(3)The first thing I would say is that the way _ you begin the conversation is very important.(4)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.2使用定语从句应该注意的问题(1)定语从句中的主谓一致问题当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从

8、句中谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词保持一致。下面是定语从句在实际运用中需要注意的几个主谓一致的问题：I作先行词，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的人称和数应该与I保持一致。I, who am your teacher, will try to solve all kinds of questions.我作为你的老师，会尽力解决各种各样的问题。当关系代词as或which指代整个主句，且作从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.众所周知，中国已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。

9、当“one ofthe(形容词最高级)复数名词”位于关系词前时，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，从句的谓语动词要用复数形式。The Summer Palace is one of the world-famous places of interest that draw lots of visitors.颐和园是吸引着大批游客的世界名胜之一。The Lord of the Rings is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.指环王是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之一。特别注意当“the only o

10、ne ofthe(形容词最高级)复数名词”位于关系词前时，定语从句的先行词是the only one，从句的谓语动词要用单数形式。This is the only one of the songs in the album that is sung in English.这是这张专辑中唯一一首英文歌曲。Titanic is the only one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.在这些最精彩的电影中，泰坦尼克号是唯一一部好莱坞制作的影片。(2)from where, since/until/by

11、 when也可以引导定语从句He stood on top of the hill, from where he could see the Yangtze River.他站在山顶上，从那里他能看到长江。(from wherefrom which place)The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has seen great changes.这本书著于1946年，从那时起教育体制发生了重大变化。(since/until/by whensince/until/by which time)即学即练2(1)This

12、 is one of the most interesting films that _ (be) shown last week.This is the only one of the most interesting films that _ (be) shown last week.(2)He has two sons, both of _ are college students.He has two sons, and both of _ are college students.(3)He still lives in the room _ window faces east.He

13、 still lives in the room, the window of _ faces east.He still lives in the room _ is on the third floor.He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.(4)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water and medicine.After the flooding, people were suffer

14、ing in that area, _ clean water and medicine were needed.(5)A housing bubble is an economic situation _ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.(6)Ill never forget the days _ we studied together.Ill never forget the

15、 days _ we spent together.(7)This is the only way _ you can find.I dont like the way _ he spoke to his mother.(8)Is this the museum _ they visited last month?Is this the museum to _ they paid a visit last month?(9)It was 10 oclock _ they went out of the cinema.It was at 10 oclock _ they went out of

16、the cinema.【随堂自测】用关系代词、关系副词或“介词关系代词”完成句子1When I arrived, my friend took me to see the house _ I would be staying.2We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.3Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved.4Many young p

17、eople, most _ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.5Do you have anything to say for yourself?Yes, there is one point _ I must insist on.6Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.7Are you familiar with the music?Yes. There

18、was a time _ this kind of music was quite popular.8I saw a house, the windows of _ were broken.9She has two sons, both of _ graduated from Harvard University.10This is the apartment in _ you once lived.11The reason _ he explained at the meeting sounds reasonable.12I didnt become a serious climber un

19、til the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.13English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it differently.14It was in the village _ he once lived that he got his junior education.15September 30 is the day by _ you must pay yo

20、ur bill.16Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.17It is generally believed that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.18What do you think of teaching, Bob?I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious

21、but interesting.19The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.20The USA is a country _ many different dialects are spoken.语法精讲定语从句即学即练1(1)which/that(2)for which/why(3)that/in which(4)in which/where即学即练2(1)werewas(2)whomthem(3)whosewhichwhich/thatwhere(4)who/andwhere(5)w

22、hich/thatwhere(6)whenwhich/that(7)thatthat/in which(8)which/thatwhich(9)whenthat随堂自测用关系代词、关系副词或“介词关系代词”完成句子1where2.when3.which4.of whom5.that/which6where/in which7.when8.which9.whom10.which11that/which12.when/in which13.which14.where15.which16.where/in which17.where18.where/in which19.when/in which/during which20.where