2023年新教材高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 阅读题组——练速度（含解析）外研版必修第三册.docx

1、Unit5阅读题组练速度.阅读AStill seeking a destination for your holiday?We want to inform you of four best places that are probably a mere walk away from your home.HighlandsThis Scottish destination,only accessible on foot or by boat,is Britains last wilderness.Over a week,youll hike into the Black Hills,cross

2、 the peninsula from north to south and set sail for hikes on Skye,Rum and Eigg.Finish each day at a beach-side lodge(小屋),with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.SnowdoniaThe SnowdoniaWay,the only low-level long-distance route,was only created in 2017,and remains unnoticed on the ground

3、.Join the new guided walking trip and you wont need to concentrate on directions,just the fine views as you pass falls,forests,riversides and Roman roads.HadriansWallWalking along Hadrians Wall is like travelling back in timeand even more so if you do it in an expert company.Andantes hike along the

4、ancient barrier is accompanied by a historian every step of the way,who will point out every Roman road,fort,milecastle and inscription,and tell you all about Hadrians tactics and Roman daily life.DorsetThe Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families:the walking is relatively gentle;the beaches are glorio

5、us;the ranges of other attractions are varied;and the buses are handy,if your legs get tired.Over a few days,rambling along the coast and across the hills (routes are around five or six miles) with steam train rides and the sea swim;playing knights at ruined Corfe Castle and fossil-hunting at Kimmer

6、idge Bay.1.What can we know about Highlands?A.It is very modern.B.It is a guided trip.C.It can be reached by bus.D.It provides quality dinner.2.Which of the following is the best choice for families?A.Snowdonia.B.Dorset.C.Hadrians Wall.D.Highlands.3.What do the four travel routes have in common?A.Th

7、ey are all walking routes.B.They are all high-level routes.C.Their destinations are the same.D.They are helpful to learn about history.BTOKYO,JapanMaki Kaji,69,the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose lifes work was spreading the joy of puzzles,has died of cancer.Known as the “Godfathe

8、r of Sudoku”,Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didnt want to think too hard.Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single”,and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows,columns and blocks without repeating them.Ridiculously,it wasnt until 20

9、04 that Sudoku became a global hit,after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper TheTimes.Two years later,Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport”.Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 mil

10、lion people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido,Kaji started Japans first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo.He founded Nikoli in 1983,and came u

11、p with the name Sudoku about the same time.In recent years,Sudoku,believed to be the worlds most popular pencil puzzle,has come out in digital versions.“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kajis wishes and possibilities,” said YoshinaoAnpuku,who succeeded Kaji as Nikolis chief executive (执行官).Major Japanese

12、 newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores,as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.4.What does the author think is ridiculous?A.Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku.B.Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.C.Sudoku first became popular ove

13、rseas.D.Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.5.What can we say about Maki Kaji?A.He liked traveling a lot.B.He failed to enter the university.C.He was a top player in Sudoku.D.He was committed to Sudoku spreading.6.What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?A.Its not for old people.B.Its reg

14、istered abroad.C.It was named after Kaji.D.It went all over the world.7.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.WhatKaji wished for.B.WhyKaji was great.C.Who is Kajis follower.D.HowKaji achieved his goal.CThe icy beauty of the Arctic attracts thousands of visitors every year to see its wond

15、erful wildlife,landscape and local cultures.Visitors can take ships on a voyage along the Arctic Ocean or take flights to cities along the Arctic edge.No matter how one gets there,they should wear warm clothes and get ready to take in the attractions.“Traveling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable

16、impression on the visitors.Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things that really blow away people,” said Cheryl Rosa,the director of the US Arctic Research Commission.Visitors to the Arctic Circle will have a lot of activities to choose from if they want to see all that th

17、e region has to offer.Hiking with snowshoes,dog sledding and kayaking are common activities.Visitors with sharp eyes are likely to spot polar bears.To get even closer to the animals of the sea,visitors can go polar snorkeling with seals.Ofcourse,Arctic adventures arent complete without viewing the w

18、onders of the Arctic Circles large glaciers and icebergs as well.One of the most impressive attractions and maybe the most difficult to see is the Northern Lights,one of the seven natural wonders of the world.They are natural lights that glow a brilliant green and light up the horizon.Sometimes they

19、 appear as waves that dance across the sky in different colors.The best places to view the Northern Lights are in Northern Norway,SwedensAbisko National Park,Iceland,Americas Alaska or Canadas Yukon,according to S.CharlesDeehr,an expert at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute,rec

20、ommended planning a trip between winter and spring,especially when there is a new moon.Even though the Arctic is a popular tourist destination,dont forget that people live here too.“It is recommended that visitors go with tour groups that are respectful of Arctic residents (居民) and their culture,” s

21、aid Rosa.“Too many people can disturb the small villages.Finding tour groups that work with local communities is important.”8.The underlined part “blow away” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.A.defeatB.affectC.moveD.impress9.What can we know about the Northern Lights?A.They only produce green lights

22、at night.B.They are natural lights and hard to see.C.They seldom occur between winter and spring.D.The best time to view them is when there is a full moon.10.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Tour groups are not welcome among Arctic residents.B.The Arctics population has been rising in

23、recent years.C.Visitors should choose suitable tour groups when visiting the Arctic.D.Tour groups should get permission from local communities.11.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A.To inform visitors of local culture.B.To recommend some activities to visitors.C.To introduce

24、a popular tourist destination.D.To share a travel experience in the Arctic.DNew research added brain degradation such as Alzheimers disease (阿尔茨海默氏病) to the growing list of effects of fine particles (微粒).A study of 63 million adults older than 65 in the United States showed that from 2000 to 2016,fi

25、rst-time hospital admissions for Alzheimers disease and related diseases rose by 13 percent with every 5-microgram (per cubic meter of air) increase in annual concentrations of PM 2.5.Such particles are produced mainly during the burning of fossil fuels,especially coal and oil.The risk remained high

26、 even when concentrations were below 12 micrograms per cubic meter of air,a level the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency currently considers safe.“Our study builds on the small but clear evidence indicating that long-term PM 2.5 exposure is associated with an increased risk of worsening brain healt

27、h,even when PM 2.5 concentrations are well below the current national standards,” said Xiao Wu,a doctoral student in Harvard.AntonellaZanobetti,a co-author of the study,said the new research results showed that the current U.S.regulations are inadequate to protect the aging American population,highl

28、ighting the need for stricter standards and policies that help further reduce PM 2.5 concentrations and improve air quality overall.Women and urban populations,particularly those in the northeast,were particularly at risk,the research showed.The researchers figured that the increasing effects on urb

29、an populations might be due to the “abundance of metal-bearing particles in the urban atmosphere,which have very small size and can access the brain directly”.They owed the increased risk to womens longer life,which meant the probability of death from other causes before developing Alzheimers diseas

30、e was higher in men.12.What can we learn about the new research in Paragraph 1?A.It proved PM 2.5 was caused by fossil fuels.B.It aimed at improving the elders brain health.C.It showed Alzheimers disease was linked to air pollution.D.It focused on the effect of PM 2.5 on the environment.13.What is t

31、he researchers attitude towards the current U.S.PM 2.5 national standards?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Cautious.D.Ambiguous.14.Why do women have higher risk of brain health problems?A.Because they mainly live in cities.B.Because they are in much worse condition.C.Because they are affected by PM 2.5

32、 more easily.D.Because they live longer than men.15.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To present findings of new research.B.To call on us to protect the environment.C.To analyze various reasons for Alzheimers disease.D.To draw our attention to the elders health.七选五The brain drain is characterized as t

33、he emigration of highly skilled laborers to other countries.1 The EU countries such as Poland,Italy and Portugal are especially affected by the brain drain,while other countries such as Sweden,Ireland and Denmark notice the opposite effect,namely brain gain.There are both push and pull factors affec

34、ting the brain drain.Pull factors include higher employment rates,higher salary and an increase in quality of life,while the push factors are high youth unemployment and high enterprise death rates.2 These effects include a reduction in human capital,limited capacity to innovate,reduced economic gro

35、wth,and a higher cost of public goods.There are positive side effects as well,such as return migration and incentives (动机) for investment in education.3 The European Committee of the Regions,therefore,suggests that local and regional authorities develop instruments and promote measures to increase t

36、he attractiveness of the regions facing the brain drain.They should also set up local alliances (联盟),which can help in drafting and carrying out local policies.The brain drains negative effects have been key concerns of the EU.As current economic and social differences between European regions are t

37、he main cause of the brain drain,the need for a strong association between Europes cohesion (凝聚) policies has been stressed.4 This will also help in adopting the measures expected to fight against the problem of the brain drain including investing in education and employment in European regions.A st

38、udy launched by an organization of the EU analyzed several programs across Europe.5 These are steps like understanding the need for skilled workers,creating mechanisms for cooperation between governments,corporations and universities,removing structural barriers,etc.A.This calls for a territorial ap

39、proach.B.It is a problem faced by many parts of Europe.C.The brain drain can have a negative impact on the sending region.D.Brain waste happens in the meantime in most European countries.E.Two of the key objectives are also necessary to reduce the brain drain.F.It came up with a list of best practic

40、es for fighting against the brain drain.G.Such a policy should help in promoting an even development across the regions of Europe.答案：.【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个度假好去处:Highlands,Snowdonia,HadriansWall和Dorset。1.D解析细节理解题。根据Highlands中的最后一句“Finisheachdayatabeach-sidelodge(小屋),withdinnerattheaward-winningresta

41、urantnextdoor.”可知,Highlands可以提供高质量的饭菜。2.B解析细节理解题。根据Dorset中的第一句“TheIsleofPurbeckisidealforfamilies”可知,Dorset是家人们一起去游玩的最好选择。3.A解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“Wewanttoinform.amerewalkawayfromyourhome”,以及Highlands中的第一句,Snowdonia中的第一句,HadriansWall中的第一句,Dorset中的第一句可知,这四个旅游景点的共同之处在于都是远足路线。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”MakiKaji

42、因癌症去世,文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。4.C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Ridiculously,itwasntuntil2004thatSudokubecameaglobalhit”并结合本段内容可知,作者感到不可思议的是,数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来,后来才在日本国内被发掘。5.D解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Kajitraveledtomorethan30countriesspreadinghisenjoymentofpuzzles.”可知,在推广数独的过程中,Kaji是亲力亲为的,与D项“他致力于数独的推广一事”相符。6.D解析推理判断题。根据第四

43、段第二、三两句“Sudokuchampionshipshavedrawnsome200millionpeoplein100countriesovertheyears.SudokuwasalsonevertrademarkedexceptwithinJapan,drivingitsoverseascraze.”可知,数独风靡全世界,与D项表达含义一致。7.B解析主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲述了Kaji对数独游戏的影响力,故B项正确。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。北极的冰雪美景每年都会吸引成千上万的游客,人们在那里可以欣赏到奇妙的野生动物、美丽的自然风景,还能体验当地文化。本文就北极的一些可供游览的项目

44、进行了说明。8.D解析词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“TravelingtotheArcticleavesanunforgettableimpressiononthevisitors.”可知,去北极旅行给游客们留下了难以忘怀的印象。结合画线短语所在句中的“Itsvastexpanseandthefragilityofitsenvironmentaretwothings”可以判断,北极广袤的区域和脆弱的环境是让游客印象深刻的两件事;据此可知,画线短语意为“给留下深刻印象”。9.B解析细节理解题。根据题干关键词NorthernLights定位至第四段;由该段中的“maybethemostdiffic

45、ulttoseeistheNorthernLights.Theyarenaturallights”可知,北极光不容易被人们见到,是一种自然光。10.C解析推理判断题。根据尾段中的“ItisrecommendedthatvisitorsgowithtourgroupsthatarerespectfulofArcticresidentsandtheirculture”可知,建议去北极的游客选择尊重当地居民及其文化的旅游团。根据尾句可知,找到与当地社区合作的旅游团是重要的。据此可以判断,游客应当选择跟随合适的旅游团去北极游玩。11.C解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了北极这一旅游胜地:那里

46、不仅有冰雪美景,还有许多奇妙的野生动物,游客们在此可以体验穿着雪鞋徒步、坐狗拉雪橇、划独木舟等活动,还有可能欣赏到世界七大自然奇观之一北极光。据此可知,本文旨在介绍一处旅游胜地。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。研究表明,大气中PM2.5浓度越高,患上阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。城市大气中含有大量的金属微粒,它们非常小,可以直接进入大脑,对人体造成不良影响。12.C解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,一项针对美国6300万名65岁以上的人的研究显示,从2000年到2016年,PM2.5年浓度每增加5微克(每立方米空气),首次因阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了13%。据此可以

47、判断,阿尔茨海默氏病和空气污染有关。13.B解析推理判断题。通读第三段可知,新的研究结果显示,目前的美国法规不足以保护老龄化的美国人口,这强调了对更严格的标准和政策的需求,以帮助进一步降低PM2.5浓度,整体改善空气质量。再结合第一段最后一句和第二段内容也可以判断,研究者对当前美国PM2.5的国家标准是不赞同的。14.D解析细节理解题。根据尾段尾句中的“Theyowedtheincreasedrisktowomenslongerlife”可知,女性患病风险增加的原因是其寿命较长。15.A解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一项新研究的结果:大气中PM2.5浓度越高,则患上阿尔茨海默氏病

48、和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。此外,女性和居住在城市里的人患病风险较高。【破解长难句】They owed the increased risk to womens longer life,which meant the probability of death from other causes before developing Alzheimers disease was higher in men.【分析】该句为主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面的整个主句,在从句中作主语。【译文】研究者把患病风险增加的原因归结于女性寿命较长,这意味着男性在患阿尔茨海默氏病

49、之前死于其他原因的概率更高。.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讨论的是欧洲部分国家的人才流失和人才获得现象,分析了人才流失的原因、影响以及解决方案。1.B解析根据空格前“Thebraindrainischaracterizedastheemigrationofhighlyskilledlaborerstoothercountries.”可知,B项中的It代指thebraindrain这个现象,自然地引出后面的波兰、意大利、葡萄牙等人才流失比较严重的国家,因此B项“这是欧洲许多地区都面临的问题”符合语境。2.C解析空格后说“Theseeffectsincludeareductioninhuma

50、ncapital,limitedcapacitytoinnovate,reducedeconomicgrowth,andahighercostofpublicgoods.”,因此这一段主要分析人才流失对于人才输送地区的影响,C项“Thebraindraincanhaveanegativeimpactonthesendingregion.”引出下文内容,其中的impact和下文的effects相一致,因此C选项符合语境。3.A解析A项“Thiscallsforaterritorialapproach.”(这就需要一种区域策略)中的核心单词是territorial,表示区域间的合作和沟通,与后面的

51、local,regional,localalliances是同类相关词。同时,这一段侧重讲解决方案,A项的approach也侧重解决方案,可以构成词汇上的反复和呼应。4.G解析G项“SuchapolicyshouldhelpinpromotinganevendevelopmentacrosstheregionsofEurope.”中的policy与前文的policies相互呼应,因此G项符合语境。5.F解析空格前说“AstudylaunchedbyanorganizationoftheEUanalyzedseveralprogramsacrossEurope”,F项“Itcameupwithalistofbestpracticesforfightingagainstthebraindrain.”中的It代指的是Astudy,其中的practices指代的是后文的“stepslikeunderstandingtheneedforskilledworkers,creatingmechanismsforcooperationbetweengovernments,corporationsanduniversities,removingstructuralbarriers”,因此F项切合题意。12