2022版新高考英语外研版一轮学案：语法专项突破 板块4 第1讲　定语从句 WORD版含解析.doc

1、板块四至关重要的句式并列句、三大从句和特殊句式第1讲定语从句考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语(2020山东卷)The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759.例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1

2、759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。(2020天津卷)Dr. Rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。2. that和which的用法区别只用that的情况先行词是all, few, little, much，something, anything, nothing等不定代词时先行词被the only, the very，the same, all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有

3、物时只用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物，且前有介词时The Reader attracts so many audiences，which means that it becomes more and more popular in China.读者杂志吸引了那么多的读者，这意味着它在中国越来越受欢迎。3. as和which的区别asas引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如，正像”。从句的谓语动词多为see, know, expect, say, mention, report等whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句

4、后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系“You cant judge a book by its cover，” as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。as用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有such, so, as或the same等修饰，且as在从句中作宾语时不能省略。考点2关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词在从句中的作用when时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词(situation, point, activity，case, stage等)地点状语whythe reason原因状语We w

5、ill put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。Do you know the reason why he didnt attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没有参加会议的原因吗？考点3“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1. “介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。Some experts think reading is the fundamental s

6、kill upon/on which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。2. “名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级ofwhich/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.科学

7、家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。Many young people，most of whom were welleducated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the名词of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the名词of whom”。The newlybuilt caf， the walls of which (whose walls) are painted

8、light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。. 单句语法填空1. (2020天津市河西区英语高三二模)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true.2. ( 2020江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)How did you find your way here?It was by follow

9、ing the travel brochure where the route is clearly clarified.3. (2020天津市河东区高三学习检测)The retiring teacher made a speech in which she thanked the class for the cooperation.4. (2020广东深圳市高级中学模拟)In a culture where people function according to ritual, music is used to help govern people. 5. I live next door

10、 to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.6. Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.7. (2020滕州模拟)She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a smile，“Madam，this is your lucky day. Everything in your basket is

11、free.”8. (2020大同质量检测)The city was attacked by such terrible weather as few citizens had ever experienced before.9. (2020绵阳诊断)Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.10. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates re

12、commended to me. 11. The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.12. He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s. 语篇语法填空(2020青海省西宁市第四高级中学、第五中学、第十四中学三校4月联考)For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, allowi

13、ng the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace.About 3，000 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among 1. _ was Zhang Zhifu, a 77yearold public security volunteer. Its a mark of gratitude for her volunteer work. “It is 2. _ (true) an honour to be g

14、ranted this special privilege，” Zhang said.To guarantee the 3. _ (safe) of the palace, festival organisers 4. _ (plan) this years Lantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. Its a fascinating event for visitors to absorb 5. _ (they) in the festive a

15、tmosphere in the museum. Discussion of the Palace Museums new look lit up social media following Tuesdays display.Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang 6. _ (bring) many changes to the worlds 7. _ (large) royal complex (建筑群). Once in a speech the 64yearold director shared his i

16、dea about how to make traditional 8. _ (treasure) come alive again. “9. _ matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are 10. _ peoples daily lives，” he said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了故宫博物院94年来首次延长开放时间，允许公众晚上在这座古老的宫殿里庆祝元宵节。1. whom考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，且在定语从句中作介词

17、among的宾语，指人，故填whom。2. truly考查副词。副词修饰整句话，故填truly。3. safety考查名词。根据the及空后的of可知设空处应填名词，指博物馆的安全，故填safety。4. planning考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词是used，设空处为非谓语动词形式；organisers与plan之间是主动关系，故填现在分词作后置定语，故填planning。5. themselves考查反身代词。短语absorb oneself in表示“集中注意力在上”，指代visitors，故填themselves。6. has brought考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据since可知应用现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has brought。7. largest考查形容词的最高级。根据语境可知应填形容词最高级形式，故填largest。8. treasures考查名词的单复数。treasure为可数名词，此处表示数量不止一个，故填其复数形式treasures。9. What考查名词性从句连接词。what引导主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填What。10. to考查固定搭配。短语be close to表示“靠近，接近”，故填介词 to。