UNIT 5 FIRST AID LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE—2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册课前导学 WORD版.docx

1、Unit 5 First Aid Learning about Language2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册课前导学一、基础知识动词-ing形式一、动词-ing形式的用法1. 作主语Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。注意：通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。Its nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。2. 作宾语Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。注意：后面须接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词（词组）：避免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/p

2、ostpone 建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practice喜欢 想象 禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承认 否定 不喜欢 admit deny dislike逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受 保持 不介意stand keep mind3. 作表语Their job is cleaning the window.他们的工作是擦窗户。4. 作定语（1）动词-ing形式可以单独作定语。a smiling face笑脸a leading figure领导人物（2）当-ing分词短语作后置定语时，可以转换为定语从句。She wen

3、t on board the train leaving for Beijing.=She went on board the train which was leaving for Beijing.她坐上了去北京的列车。5. 作宾语补足语I found the parade quite interesting to watch.我觉得观看游行很有趣6. 作状语-ing分词作状语表示在进行一个动作的同时所进行的另一个动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。Having cleaned the rooms we began t

4、o weed the garden.（时间）打扫完房间，我们开始在花园里除草。Having no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.（原因）由于对这个话题没有兴趣，他没去听讲座。It will take you half an hour to get to the station，allowing for traffic delays.（条件）如果把路上的耽搁算进去，你要花半小时才能到车站。Granting the achievements to be great，there is still something to be d

5、esired.（让步）（尽管）认可成就是伟大的，（但）仍有一些要改进的地方。My car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.（结果）我的车遇到了交通堵塞，因此延误了。Travelling by train，we visited a number of cities.（方式）我们坐火车游览了很多城市。Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.（伴随）玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。二、动词-ing形式用法的注意事项1. 形式变化主动被动一般式doingbei

6、ng done完成式having donehaving been doneThe question being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的那个问题十分重要。Having been praised by the teacher，he studies even harder.被老师表扬之后，他学习更加努力了。注意：动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加not。Not having studied his lessons very hard，he failed his test由于没有努力学习功课，他没有通过考试。2. 动词-ing形式前面有时可加名词所有格、物

7、主代词或人称代词宾格。Sophias having seen them did not surprise us.索菲娅看见他们并不使我们感到惊奇。I hope you dont mind my saying that.我希望你不介意我那么说。He said nothing about us losing the game.他对我们输掉比赛只字未提。3. 动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。Turning to the right, youll find the post office there.向右转，你会发现邮局在那里。4. 由before，after，when，

8、while，since等引导的状语从句常常可以转换为对应的动词-ing短语。When he got out of the bathtub, he slipped and fell on the floor.When getting out of the bathtub, he slipped and fell on the floor.当他从浴缸里出来时，他滑倒在了地板上。After she had been bitten by mosquitoes, she applied some medicine to her skin.After having been bitten by mosqu

9、itoes, she applied some medicine to her skin.被蚊子叮咬后，她在皮肤上涂了一些药。A minute ago, she fell down while she was trying to open the window. A minute ago, she fell down while trying to open the window.一分钟前，她在试图打开窗户时摔倒了。5. 动词-ing形式作定语置于名词前时有两种情况。一种表示被修饰的名词正在进行的状态或动作，如：a swimming girl（正在游泳的女孩），另一种表示被修饰的名词的性能、用

10、途，如：a swimming pool（游泳池）。二、填空1.正如所报道的, 美国人正逐步失去对政府的信任。_, Americans are losing faith in their government. 2.颜色鲜亮的昆虫能从有毒的植物中获取保护自己的化学武器。Colorful bugs can get their chemical _ poisonous plants. 3.如果必要的话, 你可以解释从你自己经验中所获取的东西。_, you can explain what you know from your own experience. 4.这种特殊的手套可以使航天员有一些触觉。

11、The special gloves allow the astronauts some _. 5.这些方法可以用于癌症的治疗。The methods can _ the treatment of cancer.6.First of all, _(become) aware of what causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.7._(struggle) for years, he finally won the champion.8.Please make a sentence _(use) the words that we le

12、arnt last class.9.China is starting research into 6G, _(make) it one of the first countries to do so.答案以及解析1.答案：As is reported2.答案：protection from3.答案：If necessary4.答案：sense of touch5.答案：be applied to6.答案：becoming解析： 句意：首先，弄清楚什么让你担心将有助于减压。此处应用动名词短语作主语。7.答案：Having struggled解析： 句意:经过多年的奋斗,他终于赢得了冠军。设空处在句中作原因状语,且struggle先于won发生,应用完成式;he与struggle是主动关系,故填Having struggled。8.答案：using解析：句意:请用上节课我们所学单词造句。using在句中作方式状语。9.答案：making解析：句意:中国正开始6G研究,这使中国成为最早这样做的国家之一。making在句中作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。