2022版高考英语一轮复习 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION培优练（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第三册.doc

1、UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点无灵胜有灵的主语句(2)一、好句欣赏使用情感类名词或心理活动类名词作主语1Courage deserted him.他没有了勇气。(desert舍弃)2Rarely did his sense of humour desert this noble man.这位高尚的人很幽默。3By now optimism had given way to doubt.现在，乐观变成了怀疑。4Anger choked my words.我气得说不出话。(choke 阻塞)5Astonishment deprived

2、 me of my power of speech.我惊讶得说不出话。6A chill of horror suddenly swept over him.他突然感到不寒而栗。7Despair seized him at the thought of his failure in the exam.一想到考试不及格，他就觉得万念俱灰。8Fear rooted her to the ground.恐惧使她站在地上一动不动。(root 固定)9An embarrassed laugh escapes my throat.我不由自主尴尬地笑了一声。(escape声音由不自觉地发出)10Anger a

3、nd bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle.几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼，这种感情上的激励斗争过去之后，我感到浑身乏力。二、小试牛刀1All_my_courage deserted me.我完全丧失了勇气。2Neither_sorrow_nor_regret followed my passionate outburst.我这样发作一通之后，既不难过，也不后悔。3His_first_thought_mad

4、e_him_sick and numb.他的第一个念头使他作呕，浑身瘫软。4Despair_seized_him at the thought of her setting out alone to renew the weary quest for work.想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念俱灰。5Disappointment_took_possession_of_me due to the failure of my exam.由于考试失败，我感到很失望。6Anxiety tore him into pieces.他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文主题语境

5、人与社会社会服务食物银行Nourish Now(2021石家庄市高三摸底)Every year around the world，humans waste an estimated 1.3 billion tons of food.This happens even though many people go hungry.So some people have made it their lifes work claiming food before it goes to waste and then giving it to people who are hungry.One of tho

6、se people is Brett Myers.In 2011，Myers started Nourish Now，a food recovery and food bank in the US.state of Maryland.This nonprofit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations that support them“Nourish Now is a food recoverybased food bank that recovers food from resta

7、urants，catering companies，grocery stores，hotels，farms and more.And then donates that food directly to families in need，kids in need at local schools.”Each month，it recovers more than 20，000 kilograms of food and serves 700 needy families，schools and social organizations.Every day，staff and volunteer

8、s repackage the donations and distribute them to recipients (接受者).A woman named Rhoda is one of the recipients.She describes the quality of the food delivered to her family by Nourish Now.“It consists of fresh food，fruits and vegetables.You will get bread.Sometimes you get dairy products such as yog

9、urt or milk.And you will get some meat items also.And if you get lucky you might get cooked food，or prepared salads，and stuff like that.”The supplies can feed a family for five days.Each recipient is able to receive food every 30 days.And the packages are made to fit the dietary needs of each family

10、.Besides families，the organization also donates small meals called snacks to several nearby schools and social organizations.Nourish Now has grown considerably since it opened.Brenda is one of them.Part of her job as a volunteer is to make sure that none of the food goes to waste.“In the morning，I m

11、ake sure that all the things that came late yesterday get put away so that we use that last，and we used the things that came the day before first，so that were always giving fresh food and were not throwing out anything.”文章大意：针对每年大量食物被浪费的现状，Brett Myers在美国马里兰州成立了一个名为Nourish Now的非营利食物银行组织，该组织收集剩余的食物捐赠给

12、贫困人群和供养贫困人群的组织。1What do we know about Nourish Now?AIt donates money to the poor.BIt benefits from collecting food.CIt gets food from many places.DIt distributes food only to the poor.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Nourish Now is a food recoverybased food bank that recovers food from restaurants，catering compan

13、ies，grocery stores，hotels，farms and more”可知，Nourish Now是一个以食物回收为基础的食物银行，从餐馆、餐饮公司、杂货店、酒店、农场等回收食物。故C项正确。2What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ANourish Now.BFood banks.CThe poor.DOrganizations.解析：C考查代词指代。根据第二段尾句“This nonprofit organization collects food and then gives it to the

14、poor and organizations that support them.”可知，该非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和供养他们的组织。据此可推知，画线词them指代该句中的the poor，故C项正确。3What does the author want to clarify with the example Rhoda in Paragraph 5?AShe can get food donations every five days.BShe isnt satisfied with the food supplied.CEating better can keep peopl

15、e healthier.DThe recovered food is fresh and rich.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第五段Rhoda所说的话可知，她得到的食物有新鲜的水果和蔬菜，还会得到面包、乳制品，以及肉类等；据此可推知，作者以Rhoda为例是为了说明收集的食物新鲜且种类丰富，故D项正确。4What is the best title for the text?AA Group Uses Leftover Food to Feed the HungryBThe Poor Are Suffering from StarvationCNourish Now Calls on Peopl

16、e to Save FoodDPeople Should Take Care of the Weak解析：A考查标题判断。根据第二段并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了非营利组织Nourish Now从各个地方收集剩余的食物以捐赠给需要帮助的人，故A项最适合作本文标题。B语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会新闻报道2022年北京冬奥会宣传活动(2021惠州市高三第一次调研)TOKYO，June 8 (Xinhua)The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promo

17、tion event in the Japanese capital，Tokyo，on Saturday to introduce the latest developments in preparation for the Beijing Winter Olympics.The promotion event，which used an exhibition wall and the “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022，was part of “Beijing Wee

18、k”，a series of activities to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo.On the exhibition wall with an area of 33 square meters，Beijing 2022 organizers showcased five aspects including the Beijing Winter Olympics vision，Beijings winter spo

19、rts tradition，emblems(徽章)of Beijing 2022，competition planning and the National Speed Skating Oval.At the same time，old photos of the Chinese and Japanese ice hockey teams echoed the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between the two cities and the theme of the Beijing Wint

20、er Olympics.The promotion videos of the Beijing 2022 emblems，as well as other related video clips，drew great interest of the audience.The “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition displayed some of the Winter Olympic venues，showing the progress of the preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics.Meanwhile

21、，the sand table，VR glasses and the “Beijing Winter Olympics Brochure” are also provided to let the audience visually experience the unique charm of the National Speed Skating Oval and the features of other competition venues.Chang Yu，Director General of the Media and Communications Department of the

22、 Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee，introduced the progress of the preparations of Beijing 2022 and the vision of cooperation between Beijing 2022 and Tokyo 2020.Chang Yu said that the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee stays committed to hosting the Games in a green，inclusive，op

23、en and clean manner，with the aim of delivering a fantastic，extraordinary and excellent Olympic event to the world.The Beijing Winter Olympics will open on February 4，2022，which will feature 7 sports，15 disciplines and 109 events.文章大意：本文主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在日本东京举行了宣传活动，展示了冬奥会准备工作的最新进展。5How was the

24、 promotion event carried out?ABy advertising on TV in Beijing and Tokyo.BBy sending off brochures to citizens in Tokyo.CBy providing various visual experiences.DThrough tours all around Tokyo.解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“the promotion event”定位到文章第二段中的“The promotion event，which used an exhibition wall and th

25、eCharming Beijing photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022”可知，这个宣传活动用一个展览墙和图片展览展示北京2022年冬奥会所做的准备工作，故选C。6The underlined word “commemorate” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_”AcelebrateBappreciateCcompareDcombine解析：A考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“the 40th anniversary of the establishme

26、nt of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo”并结合常识可知，此处表示庆祝北京和东京姐妹城市关系成立40周年，故画线词与A选项词义最接近。7What can be inferred from Chang Yus introduction?ABeijing will host the Olympics earlier than Tokyo.BBeijing is wellprepared for the 2022 event.CBeijing 2022 proves a great success.DBeijing 2022 will

27、be environmentally friendly.解析：D考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词“Chang Yus introduction”定位到原文倒数第二段，根据该段中的“to hosting the Games in a green，inclusive，open and clean manner”可推知，北京2022年冬奥会将对环境无害。8Which of the following can be the title of this passage?AThe Sistercity Anniversary Between Beijing and TokyoBBeijing 2022 P

28、romotion Event in TokyoCBeijing and Tokyo，Friendship ForeverDPreparations for Beijing 2022 Olympics解析：B考查标题判断。根据文章第一段中的“The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital，Tokyo”并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举办了宣传活

29、动，展示了北京冬奥会准备工作的最新进展，故B项适合作本文标题。.完形填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我人际关系友谊(2021山东省青岛市模拟)Most of us go through some hardships in life.But few things match the _1_brought upon people by the genocide (种族灭绝) of Jews during World War and its still _2_people nowadays.Luckily, todays story has a happy _3_for two men and th

30、eir families.The two cousins _4_got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀).Morris and Simon were best friends as kids _5_the Nazis invaded their country Romania in 1940.However, their families lost _6_as they didnt flee the country together.Both grew up believing the o

31、ther died.Until some time ago their children _7_the two families on Facebook.Morris niece came across Simons daughter while _8_ for relatives online only to find out that Simon is _9_in the UK.Morris settles in Israel.It took some time but they organized a _10_for the two longlost men in Tel Aviv, I

32、srael.Someone recorded a video of this emotional meeting and _11_it online, leaving people all over the world _12_ ._13_the fact that both men are in their 80s, they plan to keep in touch and see each other often, reconstructing the beautiful _14_they had as children.And it will surely not _15_with

33、time.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个老人在75年后再续从前的友谊。因为纳粹的入侵Morris和Simon这两个儿时的好朋友，被迫离开家园，从此分离，再也没有联系，而且都以为对方已经过世。一次偶然的机会，他们的下一代得知他们都还活着，所以在以色列让他们重聚。两位老人虽然已经80来岁，但决定以后都要保持联系，并且经常见面。1A.gains B.embarrassmentCsufferingsDhope解析：C句意：但几乎没有什么能够比得上二战给犹太人带来种族灭绝的那种苦难，这种苦难现在仍然影响着人们。gains收获；embarrassment尴尬；sufferings苦难；hope

34、希望。根据上文的“Most of us go through some hardships in life.”可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C项。2A.encouragingBreachingCleadingDaffecting解析：D句意：但是几乎没有什么能够比得上二战给犹太人带来种族灭绝的那种苦难，这种苦难现在仍然影响着人们。encouraging鼓励；reaching达到；leading通向；affecting影响。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难，影响了他们几代人，故选D项。3A.endingBplotCbackgroundDde

35、sign解析：A句意：幸运的是，今天的故事对于两个人和他们的家人来说有一个幸福的结局。ending结局；plot情节；background背景；design设计。根据下文的“The two cousins _got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀).”可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局，故选A项。4A.hurriedlyBeventuallyCsuddenlyDunwillingly解析：B句意：这两兄弟最终在分开75年后见面了。hurriedly匆忙地；eventually最终

36、；suddenly突然；unwillingly不乐意地。根据下文的“after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)”可知此处用“最终”符合语境，故选B项。5A.sinceBbeforeCbutDthough解析：B句意：在1940年纳粹入侵他们的国家罗马尼亚前，Morris和Simon从小就是最好的朋友。根据下文“they didnt flee the country together”可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情，故选B项。6A.contactBrelationCnewsDapproach解析

37、：A句意：然而他们的家人失去了联系，因为他们没有一起逃出罗马尼亚。contact联系；relation关系；news新闻；approach方法，途径。根据下文的“they didnt flee the country together”可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境，故选A项。7A.foundBrespondedCcalledDreconnected解析：D句意：直到不久前他们的孩子在Facebook上使两个家庭重新联系。found发现；responded回答；called打电话；reconnected重新联系。根据下文的“they plan to keep in touch and see

38、each other often”可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系上了，故选D项。8A.searchingBaskingChopingDwaiting解析：A句意：Morris的侄女在网上搜索亲人时偶遇了Simon的女儿，意外发现Simon还活着，就住在英国。searching搜索；asking请求；hoping希望；waiting等待。根据上文的Facebook和下文的online可知此处用“搜索”符合语境，故选A项。9A.happyBsociableCaliveDsafe解析：C句意：Morris的侄女在网上搜索亲人时偶遇了Simon的女儿，意外发现Simon

39、还活着，就住在英国。happy快乐的；sociable合群的；alive活着的；safe安全的。根据上文的“Both grew up believing the other died.”可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词复现，故选C项。10A.partyBdinnerCreunionDtravel解析：C句意：尽管费了一些时间，他们为这两位失去联系多年的老人在以色列的Tel Aviv组织了一次重聚。party聚会；dinner晚餐；reunion重聚；travel旅行。根据上文的“the two longlost men”可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，故选C项。11A.ma

40、iledBsharedCdonatedDsupplied解析：B句意：有人用视频记录下了这个充满感情的会面，并分享到了网上，让全世界流下了感动的泪水。mailed邮寄；shared分享；donated捐赠；supplied提供。根据下文的it online可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，故选B项。12A.in silenceBin doubtCin panicDin tears解析：D句意：有人用视频记录下了这个充满感情的会面，并分享到了网上，让全世界流下了感动的泪水。in silence安静地；in doubt怀疑地；in panic恐慌地；in tears流着泪。结合上下文可知，此处是指

41、两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了感动的泪水，故选D项。13A.DespiteBBeyondCThoughDIn case of解析：A句意：尽管两位老人都80岁了，但他们打算保持联系，并且经常见面，重建他们儿时美好的友谊。Despite尽管；Beyond超过；Though尽管；In case of以防。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A项。14A.wishesBunderstandingCfriendshipDideas解析：C句意：尽管两位老人都80岁了，但他们打算保持联系，并且经常见面，重建他

42、们儿时美好的友谊。wishes愿望；understanding理解；friendship友谊；ideas主意。根据上文的“Morris and Simon were best friends as kids”可知此处用“友谊”符合语境，故选C项。15A.passBcomeCshowDdecline解析：D句意：并且他们的友谊肯定不会随着时光的流逝而衰退。pass经过；come来；show展示；decline消退。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间的流逝而消退，故选D项。.写作(2021山东省师范大学附属中学模拟)假定你是李华， 你校正在筹备70周年校庆

43、， 准备招收一批志愿者学生。请你写信应聘， 内容包括：1应聘目的；2自身优势：熟悉情况；沟通能力；团队合作；实践经验等。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。One possible versionDear Sir or Madam，I hear that our school is preparing for its 70th anniversary and is going to recruit a group of volunteer students.Im writing this letter to apply to work as a volunteer.In

44、 my opinion, volunteer work can not only contribute to the construction of our school, but also enrich my knowledge and experience.I think this job is perfect for me.I am very familiar with our school and volunteer work.In addition, in the past three years, I have taken part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience.Furthermore，my interest and skill in communication and teamwork contribute to my application for the job.I would appreciate an interview at your convenience.Im looking forward to hearing from you.With all my best regards.Yours sincerely，Li Hua