2019-2020学年外研版英语必修四同步讲义：MODULE 5 A TRIP ALONG THE THREE GORGES 4 SECTION Ⅳ　GRAMMAR WORD版含答案.doc

1、Section Grammar情态动词1(教材P42)Our colleagues said, “You shouldnt go on those ships.They are very crowded.”2(教材P42)We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.It was beautiful.3(教材P44)Boats cant reach the upper part of the Yangtze River.Its too dangerous.4(教材P44)Travellers must show their docum

2、ents when they arrive.Its the law.5(教材P44)Peter had_to return by the end of February.He started work again in March.情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，但本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。每一个情态动词都有自己的具体含义和特点。1can(could)(1)表示能力(此时could为过去式)。(2017北京卷) Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the

3、 books on the top shelf.Samuel是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻易地够到书架顶层的书。(2016天津卷)It was really annoying; I couldnt get access to the data bank you had recommended.这真的很让人恼火，我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。(2)表示推测(用于否定句和疑问句)。That cant be Mary.Shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽。她住院了。Someone is knocking at the door.Who can it be?有人在敲门，可能是谁呢？(3)表示许

4、可和请求(could用来表示“请求”时，是委婉的说法，回答时只用can)。(北京卷)Can I have a word with you? It wont take long.我可以和你说句话吗？不会花费太长时间的。(4)用在肯定句中，表示某人/某物一时的特点，可译为“有可能，有时会”。(2018北京卷)In todays information age, the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失可能会给公司带来严重的问题。(5)cannot.too/enough表示“无论也不过分”；“越越

5、好”。(陕西卷)I cant thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.我非常感谢你，在我们不在家时帮助我的儿子。can和be able to的异同(1)can表示能力，只用现在时和过去时(could)，而be able to有各种时态。(2)表示成功地做了某事，只能用was/were able to，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter in time.对不

6、起，我没能及时给你回信。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly，but everyone was able to get out.大火在整个宾馆内蔓延开来，但每个人都成功逃出来了。2may(might)(1)表示请求、许可。might语气更委婉一些。 Might I ask for a picture of your little daughter? 我可以要一张你小女儿的照片吗？Yes, you may.是的， 可以。(2)may和might表示可能性不大的推测， 但may比might可能性大， 常用于肯定句和否定句， 不能用于疑问句。常

7、译为“有可能”， may/might not意思是“可能不”。(陕西卷)You may feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.你可能感觉到所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确信以后你将感谢你参加过的培训。(江西卷)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest might become the richest.生活是不可预料的，即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。(3)may/might

8、as well动词原形，意为“不妨”。Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here.既然雨下得这么大， 你倒不如待在这儿。3must(1)表示必须。其否定形式为mustnt，意为“不许，禁止”。回答must的问句时，常用neednt/dont have to，表示“不必”。(北京卷)Cant you stay a little longer? 你不能再多待会儿吗？Its getting late.I really must go now.My daughter is home alone.很晚了， 我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。(上海

9、卷)The new law states that people mustnt drive after drinking alcohol.新法律规定人们酒后禁止开车。(2)表示推测，意为“肯定，一定”，只用于肯定句中。(重庆卷)You must be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.你一定是Carol。这么多年来你一点儿没变。(3)表示“偏要；坚持要”，常常表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦。Must you play the violin at midnight? It disturbs the neighbours!你偏要

10、在半夜拉小提琴吗？这太打扰邻居们了！Sorry, I was too absorbed in it and forgot the time.对不起， 我太沉浸其中了， 都忘记时间了。must和have to的异同must含义与have to相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但有下列几点不同： (1)must表示说话人的主观看法，而have to 则往往强调客观需要。 (2)must一般用于一般现在时，have to则有更多的时态形式。 4shall(1) 表示征求意见或请求指示，用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中。Shall I give you the book tomorrow?我明天给你这本书，可以

11、吗？(2)表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等，用于第二、第三人称的陈述句。(辽宁卷)One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.我们有一条规定， 那就是每名学生在校期间都必须穿校服。(江苏卷) I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.我还没有得到参考书，但我下个月会有一个测试。Dont worry. You shall have it by Frida

12、y.别担心。你可以在星期五得到它。5should(1)表示义务，意为“应该”。I dont think you should give up the opportunity to go to university which you have been dreaming about.我认为你不应该放弃你一直以来梦想的上大学的机会。(2)表示推测，意为“应该会，可能”。Since you have made such good preparations, there shouldnt be any problem about passing the coming job interview.既然

13、你做了充分的准备， 通过这次工作面试应该没有问题。(3)表示惊异，意为“竟然”。(2018江苏卷)Its strange that he should have taken the books without the owners permission.很奇怪，他竟然未经主人的允许就拿走了那些书。6will(would)(1)表示意愿、意图或决心。will用于各种人称的陈述句中，would用于过去时中，意为“愿意”。I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen.我已再三告诉他要戒烟， 但是他就是不

14、听。(江苏卷)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but wouldnt say where he was.几天后， 我哥哥打电话说他一切都好， 但不愿意说他在哪儿。(2)表示请求，用于疑问句中，would语气更委婉。Will you please take a message for him? 你能给他带个口信吗？Would you mind cleaning the window?你介意擦一下窗户吗？(3)表示某种倾向或习惯，will表示一般的习惯；would表示过去的习惯，意为“总会，总是”。(四川卷)I stil

15、l remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.我仍旧记得快乐的童年， 那时我妈妈经常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would和used to的区别(1)would表示过去习惯性的动作，不涉及现在的情况。(2)used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经不做了。Each time his mothers birthday came, he would buy her a present.每次到他母亲生日的时候，他都要给她买一件礼物。He used to be lat

16、e for school, but now he is used to getting up early.他过去常常上学迟到，现在他已习惯早起。 单句语法填空1Johnson said that he could do whatever he liked when he was a kid.2(四川卷)You must be careful with the camera.It costs!3Who can it be that is knocking at the door? It may be Father, but Im not sure.4(2019 福建台州一中期末)Could I

17、smoke here?Im afraid smoking is not allowed here.If you must,_go to the smoking room, please.5Will you stay for dinner with us tonight?Sorry，I can not.I have an appointment with my dentist.6The public transport in Beijing is very convenient now, so there shouldnt(not) be any difficulty in travelling

18、 around the city.7One of our rules is that every worker shall arrive at the company by 8：00 am.on weekdays.8The traffic is heavy these days.I might/may arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?9Since you have finished your work, there is no point in staying any longer; you may/might as well g

19、o home.10I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you. 单句改错1When we were children, we will go skating every winter.willwould2You may be carefulthe traffic lights arent working.maymust3It has been announced that students will remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.wi

20、llshall4You havent eaten anything since morning, so you can be hungry.canmust5The boy can speak three languages when he was 12 years old.cancould 语法与写作1操作这台机器时无论怎样小心都不过分。You cant_be_too_careful/cant_be_careful_enough when you operate the machine.2你不应该总是以貌取人。You shouldnt_always_judge_a_person by appearance.3走了这么长的路，她一定很累了。She must_be_tired after such a long walk.4我们可以一起打网球吗？Shall_we_play_tennis together?5他有空时，总来帮助我们。He would_come_to_help_us when he was free.