2022高三新高考英语一轮人教版训练：必修④ UNIT 1 单元主题语篇训练 WORD版含解析.doc

1、必修 Unit 1 单元主题语篇训练.阅读理解AWhere some people see creepy (令人毛骨悚然的) insects, Jennifer Angus sees beauty: Rather than rely simply on paints and dyes, the 55yearold professor of textile (纺织品) design creates patterns from thousands of lively insects.As a kid, Angus had_a_penchant_for patterns, but she didnt

2、 develop an interest in insects until her late 20s, when she was researching textiles in Thailand and discovered a table cover.“The fringe (饰边) was made with metalliclooking green beetle (甲虫) wings，” says Angus.“Id never seen beautiful insects maybe because I grew up in Canada, where all the insects

3、 were brown or black. I realized I could take insects and turn them into patterns.”Anguss insects arent backyard ones. Most come from countries like Peru, Malaysia and Indonesia.“I always try to use insects that have been farmed or gathered by local people，” says Angus. And she refuses to work with

4、endangered species：“If an insect seems hard to find, I wont use it.”Since 2002, Angus has created sitespecific works of art at galleries and museums around the world like her latest piece at the Smithsonians Renwick Gallery in Washington，D.C. “My collection is very fragile，” says Angus. “Ive been re

5、fusing some insects for more than 15 years, so I drive it everywhere myself. That means working out exactly how many insects Ill use. I cant get to a gallery and go, I need another 500 cicadas！”Angus hopes to inspire a sense of wonder and appreciation in her viewers.“If people leave one of my shows

6、thinking about insects in a new way one that doesnt involve a fly killer thats a success，” she says.1What does the underlined part “had a penchant for” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AHad respect for.BHad a liking for.CWas frightened of. DWas confused about. 解析：选B词义猜测题。根据上文“the 55yearold professor of

7、textile (纺织品) design”和后面的“researching textiles” 可知，Angus 从小就对设计各类图案感兴趣。2What kind of insects does Angus use in her patterns?ARare ones. BWinged ones.CCommon ones. DBackyard ones.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I always try to use insects that have been farmed or gathered by local people”和“If an insect seems hard

8、 to find, I wont use it.”可以推知，Angus用的是普通的昆虫。3What can be learned about Anguss works of art?AThey can be seen around the world.BThey sometimes take over 10 years to finish.CThey are mostly created at Anguss own house.DThey are mostly in the Smithsonians Renwick Gallery.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Angus has cr

9、eated sitespecific works of art at galleries and museums around the world”可知，Angus的作品在世界各地都可以看到。4What are Anguss hopes for her works of art?AThey will win her more followers.BThey will bring her a sense of success.CThey will inspire more research on insects.DThey will raise public awareness about th

10、e protection of insects. 解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可以推知，Angus希望自己的作品能够提高公众对昆虫的保护意识。BDont get mad the next time you catch your teenager texting when he promised to be studying.He simply may not be able to resist.A University of Iowa(UI) study found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immedi

11、ate effect or reward of their behaviors.The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the longterm pay off of studying.“For the teenager, the rewards are attractive，” says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study.“They draw adolescent

12、.Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them.Even when a behavior is no longer in a teenagers best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the reward is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults.”For parents, that means limiting distraction (分心的事情) s

13、o teenagers can make better choices.Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 pm., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facehook or Twitter, the researchers advise. “Im not saying they shouldnt be allowed access to technology，” Vaidya says. “But some help in netting the

14、ir concentration is necessary for them so they can develop those impulsecontrol skills.”In their study，Vaidya and coauthor Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are impulsive (冲动的), make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their trains ar

15、e not fully developed.But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behaviors independent of higherlevel reasoning.“We wanted to try to understand the brains reward system how it change from childhood to adulthood.” Says Vaidya, who adds th

16、e reward character in the human brain is easier than decisionmaking.“Weve been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescence behavior than an underdeveloped frontal lobe，” he adds.For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 and

17、 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological (神经学上的) aspects of their results.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年对即时效应和奖励比成人更敏感，所以奖励对青少年来说总是充满吸引力。5What does the passage mainly tell us?AThe initial rush of texting is less attract

18、ive for adolescents than the longterm pay off of studying.BAlways, rewards are attractive to teenagers.CResistance can be controlled well by adolescents.DGetting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.解析：选B主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“. teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immed

19、iate effect or reward of their behaviors.”可知，本文介绍了青少年对即时效应和奖励比成人更敏感，所以奖励对青少年总是很有吸引力，故B项正确。6Which statement agrees with Vaidyas idea?AThe influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.BParents should help children in making decisions.CChildren should have access to the Internet.DChildren need help i

20、n refocusing their attention.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Vaidya认为帮助孩子们集中注意力是必要的，这样他们就能发展出控制冲动的技能，故D项正确。7What result does teenagers brain underdevelopment lead to?ADoing things after some thought.BMaking good decisions.CJoining in dangerous actions.DEscaping risky behavior.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In their stud

21、y . teenagers are impulsive (冲动的), make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their trains are not fully developed.”可知，大脑前庭发育不良会导致青少年冲动、做错误的决定和参与危险的行为，故C项正确。8How did the researchers carry out their study?ABy making a comparison of brain examinations.BBy examin

22、ing adults brain.CBy examining teenage brain.DBy building the trains reward system.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“For their study，the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents，aged 13 and 16，and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.”可知，研究人员是通过对比40名青少年和40名成人的检查结果而展开研究的，故A项正确。tips “四步法”巧解推理判断题(1)浏览试题，明确要求。在阅读文章前

23、，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项，带着问题阅读文章，便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。(2)通读全文，抓住主要内容。抓住中心思想和段落大意，注意文章的第一段或每段开头的前两个句子，这些地方往往包含着文章/段落的中心思想、作者的意图或是全文/段落的概述。(3)进行合理的推理判断。根据句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等对上下文之间的关系进行推理判断。(4)认真复读，验证答案。用全文的中心思想统领各个题目，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，确保理解无误。例如上文第8题，根据题干中的“carry out their study”定位倒数第二段最后一句“For their study, th

24、e researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 and 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.”，在此基础上进行适度、合理推测可知，“让这些不同年龄段的人参与是为了作比较”。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Winter and spring are always rainy in northwest Washington State.But this time the clouds outdid themselves, dipping

25、the town of Oso in twice the usual rainfall.When the sun at last shone on Saturday, Annas three older kids ran outside to play with friends.Inside, Anna nursed their youngest, fourmonthold Kristian. Suddenly Anna heard a sound like the roar of a jet. The lights began to shine in an unsteady way. She

26、 rushed outside in time to see a halfmilewide tsunami (海啸) of mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them.Scared,_Anna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hillside.Kris,_Annas husband, a 31yearold carpenter, was pulling woods with great effort when he got a hysterical

27、call from Anna.The mountain had fallen, she cried.Houses had been swept away.He knew it was the landslide.The man sped back toward State_Route_530 and home.But traffic on SR 530 had come to a stop.The highway and everything on both sides of it were covered with sand, fallen trees, and chunks of what

28、 used to be homes.A roof sat in the middle of what had been the road.Kris jumped out of the truck and ran along the highway. Almost immediately, the mud came up to his knees.After stepping across fallen trees and pieces of walls, he heard a woman scream for help.As he followed the sound through mud

29、that was now waisthigh, he found the river was rising. Soon he had to climb over the house to reach the source of the cries, about 100 yards from the road. He finally reached a darkhaired young woman buried under pieces of walls, furniture, and trees. Her head was bloody and she was holding a baby b

30、oy.The baby wasnt looking good, and the mother said she couldnt feel her own legs.Kris kept her talking while he pulled_away the wood, metal, and furniture springs trapping the mother and child. At last, he was able to free them.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Paragraph 1：Meanwhile, Kris heard a man lett

31、ing out a cry of pain from the ruins. Paragraph 2：With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing home. 参考范文：Paragraph 1：Meanwhile, Kris heard a man letting out a cry of pain from the ruins. Stepping toward the house, Kris sank into mud up to his shoulders. His

32、arms and legs were immobilized, but finally he managed to slowly twist his way out of the mud and continued toward the destroyed house.He spotted a man buried in the remnants of the house, whose face was covered with blood. He was buried too deeply for Kris to free him. So Kris climbed up on the roo

33、f, found the search and rescue team, and led them to the buried man.Paragraph 2：With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing home.Hours later, Kris finally reached home and the mud had stopped.He looked around the destroyed house, failing to spot Anna and kid

34、s.Desperate to find them, he checked all cars and houses nearby and then ran back toward the rescue center along State_Route_530. Not long after he arrived, the carpenter saw Annas car coming down the road.Anna pulled over, leaped out, and ran to him. He folded her in his arms close.Softly, he spoke，“Lets go home, Anna.”