北京市延庆区2022届高三英语一模试卷（PDF版附解析）.pdf

1、学科网（北京）股份有限公司延庆区 2021-2022 学年第二学期质量监测试卷高三英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Joel Boyers and his wife,Melody Among,were heading home from the Nashville airport after shejust earned her helicopters(直升飞机)pilot license when he recei

2、ved a1from a stranger inPennsylvania.The person told him that many people were trapped in2,60 miles from Nashville.Boyers,41,looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds,“No one will fly.”But even3he finished the sentence,Boyers knew they would go back up.Soon,they were in the air,4forwhat th

3、ey were about to experience in Waverly.As Boyers flew the helicopter,Among searched for people stuck atop roofs,bridges,anywhereBoyers could land his helicopter and get them onboard.Suddenly she5a girl grasping a treewhich was barely out of the water.One hand holding a tree branch,the other held a d

4、og shed rescuedearlier,she was completely wet and6.Since there was no place for Boyers to land,he7the helicopter until it was just above thewater.With the rescue rope,Among helped the teen and dog aboard.Boyers8lifted off.Avoiding the tree and power lines,he9off the teen and the dog on a safe street

5、,then back inthe air.Their mission ended 90 minutes after it began,when professional rescue helicopters showed up.Though the experience was10,Boyers did make this admission“It was almost a little fun.”1.A.complaintB.letter C.programD.call2.A.fog B.snow C.flood D.fire3.A.before B.when C.untilD.since4

6、.A.providedB.unpreparedC.lookedD.hoped5.A.picked B.pushedC.guidedD.spotted6.A.exhaustedB.boredC.puzzledD.embarrassed7.A.placed B.loweredC.took D.loaded8.A.slightly B.hardlyC.quietlyD.carefully9.A.tookB.gotC.droppedD.laid10.A.frighteningB.excitingC.fascinatingD.boring第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）

7、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOne day,I noticed a bird fly in and out of the letterbox.Looking closely inside I saw that she11(build)a nest.A few weeks later she had laid eggs and sat12(patient)on them.I tried openingthe letterbox,13made the bird angry.So I gave he

8、r permission and a peaceful stay.In 学科网（北京）股份有限公司following weeks,three chicks hatched.About four weeks later her 14(baby)left the nest and Iwas able to reclaim my property and clean out the letterbox.BAmazon invited some customers to preview the new grocery store format developed in California.The A

9、mazon Fresh store in Woodland Hills15(design)to reach a broader part of shoppers thanthe pricier Whole Foods Market chain,16(signal)its intention to become a significant player inthe huge grocery business.It also marks a new stage when Amazon competes with larger grocery chains,Walmart,which expande

10、d features and services to make shopping17(convenience).CTao Xingzhi proposed“unity of teaching,learning and reflective acting.”As a Chinese educator,hewas called the“teacher of teachers”.18(bear)in Anhui province in 1891,Tao studied at ColumbiaUniversity,US,in 1914.There he studied educational phil

11、osophy19the guidance of John Dewey,an educational reformer.20he returned to China,he began his own career.For Tao,education isan active process in real-life experience rather than one of telling and being told.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分）第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选顼中，选出最佳佳选项，并在答题纸上将该

12、项涂黑。AVolunteer abroad with the UNAre you ready to become an international UN Volunteer?You can contribute your time,skills andknowledge through volunteering with the UN.This is an opportunity to create a positive impact and be asignificant force for achieving peace and development.Make a difference

13、to the lives of many!Why volunteer with the UN International UN Volunteers promote peace and development in communities around the globe,whileupholding the ideals and ambitions of the United Nations.International UN Volunteers come from 160 countries,representing many cultures and backgrounds.They b

14、ring a wide variety of viewpoints and approaches.Your international UN Volunteer assignment will make a lasting impact.It can create a ripple effectthat extends far beyond the immediate results of your efforts.As an international UN Volunteer,you will learn about different cultures,expand your netwo

15、rks,studyforeign languages and gain matchless professional and life experiences.Requirements The minimum requirements to serve as an international UN Volunteer are:25 years old and older(noupper age limit):university degree or higher technical diploma;At least two years of relevant work experience i

16、n a professional background;good work knowledgeof English,Spanish or French;Commitment to the values and principles of volunteerism;ability to work in a multiculturalenvironment;willingness to work with people and local organizations;学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Ability to adjust in difficult living conditions and

17、 sometimes remote locations;strong interpersonaland organizational skills.Conditions of Service international UN Volunteer assignments generally run for six to 12 months,with the possibility ofextending for one to two years.Short-term assignments are also requested by our partners from time to time.

18、International UNVolunteers are entitled to certain allowances.Allowances are in no way to be understood as a compensation,reward or salary in exchange for thevolunteer work.The purpose of allowances for volunteers is to enable them to sustain a secure standard of living intheir duty stations.21.As a

19、n international UN Volunteer,you can _.A.Promote peace and development of UN B.affect UN immediatelyC.obtain professional experiences D.teach foreign languages22.According to the passage,applicants are required to _.A.be at most 25 years oldB.have international work experienceC.hold a university deg

20、ree in technologyD.adapt to difficult living environment23.What can help volunteers to maintain a secure standard of living?A.Assignments.B.Allowances.C.Commitment.D.Knowledge.BThe Book LadyIt was Jennifer Williamss mother who got her hooked on books.A librarian,she read to her threechildren every d

21、ay.“Not until we went to kindergarten,”Williams told ,a local news site.“Until we went to college.”When Williams,now 54,became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danville,Virginia,shewanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had.But early on,she realized that some kidshad l

22、imited access to books.“Its very obvious to teachers of young children which kids are performed songs and creating ahuge body of work that was the envy of anyone during the rock era.He was also a big influence in theCivil Rights Movement att the moment when black music was becoming popular.His home,

23、Graceland,学科网（北京）股份有限公司also became a landmark.After his death,countless fans from around the world visit the famousresidence every year.Figures like Presley helped create the image of the“rock star”as a cultural icon in America.In themid-20th century,singers and musicians became superstars due to th

24、e wider distribution of music andthe post-war economic growth,which led to much more free time and income for American families.Therebellious(叛 逆 的)rock stars inspired them to create their own,more liberated identity outside thecultural norms(准 则)in the 1950s.Colorful figures like Presley influenced

25、 an entire generation ofAmericans.24.What do we know about Presley as a young boy?A.He had a gift for music.B.His family was rich.C.He received a guitar in 1953.D.His family didnt support his dream.25.What does the underlined phrase“on a roll”in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Busy with work.B.Successful in care

26、er.C.Attractive to fans.D.Included in a ranking list.26.What did figures like Presley bring in the 1950s?A.A loss of identity.B.The growth of economy.C.A challenge to standards.D.A change in social status.27.What is the best title for the text?A.Rock and Roll and Its Origin.B.Elvis Presley and His I

27、nfluence.C.The Influential Figures in Rock and Roll.D.The Ups and Downs of Elvis Presleys Life.CFarmed fish should have the same legal protection as other fanned animals,according to an animalwelfare group.The Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation,which has Carrie Johnson as a supporter,says fish d

28、eserve to be treated with the same care as cows,pigs,sheep and other livestock because theyexperience stress and painThe foundation is focusing on improving fish welfare during slaughter(屠宰)because that is wherethe biggest differences in protection lie.Slaughterhouses for land animals are required t

29、o have a vet on site and must have closed-circuittelevision in all areas where animals arc handled,stunned and killed,with footage sought forindependent inspection.Such legal requirements do not apply to fish slaughter facilities,which are notsubject to routine welfare inspections by public bodies.T

30、he UK industry,which rears up to 80 million fish a year,has instead adopted voluntary codes ofpractice.A report by the foundation cites evidence of abuses of fish revealed last year by The Times.Astunning machine at the firms plant at Amish on the Isle of Lewis failed to make them unconscious andwor

31、kers used their fingers to tear the gills(鳃)and struggled to keep up with the volume of fish wrigglingon the unit.Fish were thrown and kicked as they struggled on the ground in 2020 at Test Valley TroutFanning in Hampshire,which supplied the Ritz and Harrods.Fish considered unprofitable were dropped

32、on the floor and left to die.The company said the treatment of the fish was unacceptable and 学科网（北京）股份有限公司operated under“the best industry standards available”.The foundations report refers to the findings of the governments Farm Animal Welfare committee,which said in a 2014 opinion on fish welfare

33、that“at least some species,including trout,have a sensoryexperience of pain”as well as“a degree of sense”.Studies have shown that fish feel pain and change their behaviour to avoid it.In one study,goldfishwere given an electric shock in an area of a tank where they received food.They avoided that ar

34、ea forthree days before hunger overcame their fear.The foundation report states that the UK government is failing aquatic animals dismally and calls forunannounced welfare inspections of fish slaughterhouses and says they should be required to installclosed-circuit television,with footage reviewed b

35、y public bodies.28.What can we provide for the farmed fish?A.Comfortable place.B.Less pain.C.Enough food.D.Gentle love.29.As for the situation of the farmed fish,the foundation is _.A.concernedB.puzzledC.surprised D.scared30.Whatsthe purpose of this article?A.To encourage people to treat fish kindly

36、.B.To reveal the evidence of abuses of fish.C.To appeal for the improvement of fish welfare.D.To explain how fish experience pain duringslaughter.D“After 30 years of reading cardiograms(心电图),I can never tell whether its from a man or woman,or the age of the person,”said Eric Topol,a cardiologist fro

37、m Scripps Research in La Jolla,California.“Amachine can detect if a person has anaemia(贫血)or other difficult diagnoses(诊断).”Topol is excited not only about how machines are already better than experts at spotting problems,but how they can discover patterns that experts wouldnt even notice.“In Japan,

38、doctors are usingmachine vision to pick up polyps(息 肉)in real time,and detecting whether or not they could becancerous and whether they should have a biopsy,”he said.“Machines will not replace physiciansbutphysicians making use of AI will soon replace those not using it.”Still,these are early days f

39、or the application of AI in healthcare.Pearse Keane,a consultant doctorat Moorrelds Eye Hospital,has been leading a collaboration between Moor fields and Googles DeepMind Health.In 2018,he famously published a proof-pf-concept paper in Nature showing the erstsuccessful AI diagnosis for eye disease.“

40、The algorithm that weve developed isnt in clinical use at theminute,so were trying to implement this now,”Keane said.Keane mentioned the INSIGHT study,which is looking into eye disease and its link to otherconditions such as diabetes(糖尿病).“We are using the eye as a window to the rest of the body.Wit

41、hdeep learning,we can now look at a retinal(视网膜)photograph and say:This is a woman,shes 58 yearsold,shes not a smoker or a diabetic,her BMI is around 25,and her blood pressure is around 150 over85.Now,to me,thats staggering.”Keane said.The INSIGHT study id analysing more than three million OCT scans

42、 from around 300,000 学科网（北京）股份有限公司“We now know,for every person having had a retinal scan here,whos gone on to develop a heartattack or diabetes,”he said.“The reason why were excited is that we think that if we can get theappropriate data sets and learn them deeply,we can find much more in the back

43、of the eye about thehealth of the rest of the body.”“The application of AI for healthcare and medicine is about precision and accuracy,but thats notall,”said Topol.The most important aspect is how AI can promote a stronger human connectionbetween doctor and patient.“We see patients in single digit n

44、umbers of minutes.And thats not enough,you need the gift of time,which AI can give back,”he said.“Nest year this will be the standard,”hebelieves.“Rather than doctors being data clerks,they will be making eye contact with patients,heres noalgorithm for empathy.Thats a human characteristic that we ha

45、ve to develop and get back in the way itused to be.”31.According to Topol,machines in healthcare _.A.can pick up polypsB.will replace doctorsC.are already better than experts D.can discover if a patient has diseases32.In paragraph 4,Keane mentioned a retinal photograph of a patient mainly to _.A.eva

46、luate the effects of AI in healthcareB.introduce a patients personal informationC.explain how deep learning detects diseasesD.show the present outcome of AIs application33.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A.AI has been the standard of some advanced hospitals.B.AI can improve the relati

47、onship between doctors and patients.C.With deep learning,the researchers can find the secrets of the eye.D.Doctors will spend more time on face-to-face communication with patients.34.What docs this passage mainly talk about?A.The AIs application on diagnosis.B.Successful AI diagnosis for eye disease

48、.C.The great clinical progress in deep Earning.D.The impact of AI on promoting human connection.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stare at a blank wall in any room,and you are unlikely to learn much more than the paint color.Buta new technology can inco

49、nspicuously scan the same surface for shadows and reflections.35Butthey can be got by one tool and analyzed to determine details including how many people are in theroomand what they are doing.This tool could gather information from a partial view of a space.It can spy on activity from around acomer

50、.36As people move around a room,their bodies block a portion of any available light to create delicateand indistinct“soft shadows”on walls.37But these faint(微弱的)signals are usually 学科网（北京）股份有限公司out by the main source of environment light.“If we neglect whatever we are observing,you would justbe left

51、 with camera noiseand signal,”says Prafull Shanna,a graduate student at the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology.Shanna and other researchers did the experiment by filming a wall in a room as its occupants movedaround and averaging the frames over time.38Then the team fed the videos into amachine-le

52、arning model to teach it which soft shadow patterns indicated which behavior.The resultingsystem can automatically analyze footage of a blank wall in any room in real time,determining thenumber of people and their actions.39It can register only group sizes and activities for which it has been traine

53、d,and it requiresa high-resolution camera;a standard digital camera creates too much background noise,andsmartphone camera results are even worse.A.The technology is thought advanced.B.These cant be caught by the human eye.C.They recorded various activities of the people in the room.D.Brightly color

54、ed clothing can even cast a light reflected glow.E.It also can monitor someone who avoids a cameras line of sight.F.The system is considered a unique and wonderful discovery by camera specialists.G.Although this system can function in any room,it performs poorly in dim lighting.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32 分）第一节

55、（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Tips for Dealing with Seasonal Affective DisorderSeasonal affective disorder(SAD)is a type of depression that sets in or starts in the winter months.Unlike other types of depression,it may improve as spring comes on

56、.It is often a periodic recurringdisorderyoull feel depressed every winter and begin to feel better each spring.SAD depression iscaused by lowered levels of serotonin(血清素),the mood-affecting brain chemical that is caused byseasonal changes in daylight.Shorter days may also disrupt the bodys biologic

57、al clock,which upsets thebalance of melatonin(褪黑激素),the hormone which regulates mood and sleep patterns.Seasonal affective disorder is far more common in northern climates,where days can be very shortin winter.SAD affects more women than men and is more likely to occur in people under age 40 thantho

58、se older than that.Although any amount of outdoor light can help raise serotonin levels,getting light in the morningseems to offer the most benefit.If the weather permits,take a walk.In your home or office,try sittingclose to a window that faces south.Replacing light bulbs in your home with full spe

59、ctrum light bulbs canhelp because they give out light similar to sunlight.Studies have shown that increasing your exercise routine can counteract SAD.Exercise raises levelsof serotonin.Moderate exercise,which means neither too much nor too little exercise,such as walking,riding a stationary bike or

60、swimming is a great way to get started.But any activities that raise your 学科网（北京）股份有限公司rate,including daily chores,can help,especially if you can do them outdoors or near a sunny window.Yoga,jogging and Tai chi can all help lift your mood.Year-end panic refers to the self-blame and overall feeling o

61、f panic brought about by the approachof the years end,often due to a poor financial year and pressure from work and family.Psychologicalexperts suggest that we should avoid peer competition.While.If life,once on a path,we tend to follow it,for better or worse.Whats sad is that even if its thelatter,

62、we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we donteven recognize that they could be different.Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it worksand a sense of whether you may havefallen into

63、the same trap:People are given a box of tacks(大头钉)and some matches and asked to find a way to attach acandle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically,the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall orlighting it to fix it with melted wax(石蜡).The tacks are too short,and the candle doesnt fasten

64、to thewall.So how can you accomplish the task?The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candleholder.You empty it,tack it to the wall,and stand the candle inside it.To think of that,you have to look beyond the boxs usual role as a container just for tacks andreimagine it serving an entire

65、ly new purpose.That is difficult because we all sufferto one degree oranotherfrom functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner ofsociety.The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply heldideas that we no longer ques

66、tion but should.In Arendts eyes,the complacent reliance on such accepted“truths”also made people blind to ideas that didnt fit their worldview,even when there was ampleevidence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence,she said,“It can be found inhighly intelligent people.”Another

67、 context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine.If you land in thehospital,its natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff.But according toa 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association(JAMA),youd be better off beingtreated by the

68、 relative novices.40.What does“functional fixedness”mean?41.How is the candle attached to the wall?42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain way.Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those with high IQ although frozenthinking h

69、as much to do with intelligence.43.How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life?(In about 40 words)第二节（20 分）假定你是李华。你的外国朋友 Jim 发来邮件祝贺第 24 届冬奥会在你的家乡举行，并询问东奥期间给你留下印象最深刻的事件或人物。请你给他回复邮件。内容包括：1.表达感谢；2.介绍一件事或一个人。学科网（北京）股份有限公司注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua1延庆区 2021-2022 学年第二

70、学期质量监测试卷参考答案高三英语2022.02第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）1.D2.C3.A4.B5.D6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）11.was building/built/had built12.patiently13.which14.babies15.isdesigned16.signalling/signaling17.(more)convenient18.Born19.under/with20.When/After/Once第二部分：阅

71、读理解（共两节，38 分）第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）21.C22.D23.B24.B25.C26.D27.A28.A29.C30.D31.D32.A33.C34.B第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）35.E36.D37.A38.G39.F第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32 分）第一节 阅读表达（共 4 小题；第 40、41 小题各 2 分，第 42 小题 3 分，第 43 小题 5 分，共 12 分）40.What does“functional fixedness”mean?We often follow a certain path anyway

72、 because we are used to the way things are that we donteven recognize/think that they could be different.41.How is the candle attached to the wall?The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candleholder.You empty it,tack it to the wall,and stand the candle inside it.42.Please decide which

73、part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those with high IQ although frozenthinking has much to do with intelligence.According to the passage,frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those

74、withhigh IQ because it has nothing to do with intelligence.43.How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life?(In about 40 words)There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts.Firstly,I can talk to people who disagree with me,which is good for my brain.Whats more,I always think outside the box,which can broaden mythinking in countless ways.第二节（20 分）2假定你是李华。你的外国朋友 Jim 发来邮件祝贺第 24 届冬奥会在你的家乡举行，并询问冬奥期间给你留下印象最深刻的事件或人物。请你给他回复邮件。内容包括：1.表达感谢；2.介绍一件事或一个人。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯