Unit 2 Grammar-2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修二（译林版2020）.docx

1、第2讲 选择性必修二Unit2 Grammar目标任务课程标准学习目标围绕人与社会的主题语境，依托语篇，通过一系列英语学习活动，发展英语学科核心素养。1在语篇中观察、探究语法现象，自主归纳语法规则，并在新的语境和活动中正确使用语法。2通过训练与本单元语法相关的练习加强学生的英语运用意识。02预习导学（一）课前阅读：本单元的语法是过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态：Passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tensesNicole wrote a blog post about the city half-marathon she

2、took part in. Find the sentences that use the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses.（黄色标注部分）My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body. My cheeks were red, and I could hear myself breathing heavily as I looked up at the blue sky. Wh

3、en my breathing returned to normal, I reflected on what had just been achieved. Six weeks ago, my friends told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help raise money for charity, and encouraged me to take part. Despite my lack of running experience, I agreed. In order not

4、to hurt my knees or ankles, I started my training very gently by running just one kilometre on the first day. Over the next six weeks, I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run. Soon Iwas runni

5、ng distances I had never thought possible. The day of the half-marathon finally arrived and Ifelt well prepared. Iate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get through to the end. Iran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. I was happy to learn that

6、a lot of money had been raised for charity. I felt really proud of myself, and my friends and I agreed to run in the next city marathon!Think about a sporting event you took part in or watched. Describe the experience using the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses._（二）基础梳理过去进

7、行时和过去完成时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态：结构：主语 + was/were being + done用法：过去进行时的被动表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。The stadium was being built that time. 那时体育场正在建设当中。He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术。He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站。过去完成时的被动语态：结构：主语 + had been +done用法：1）过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一

8、时间之前已经被完成的动作。常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。2）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了。The hostages had been released when police arrived. 警察到时人质已经被释放了。（三）预习作业1. 预习本单元Integrated skills &Extended reading&Project部分的重点词汇和短语2. 熟读这部分出现的文章0

9、3探究提升环节一 变：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. When I went to pay him a visit, he_(examine) by doctor.2. Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people_(not prove) yet.3. I had the distinct impression I_(watch).4. The coffee_(make) when I walked into the kitchen.5. All the tables by the window_(bo

10、ok) by telephone when I got to the restaurant.6. A meeting _ (hold) when I was there.7. By the end of last year, another new gym _ (complete) in Beijing.【答案】1.was being examined 2. had not been proved 3. had watched 4. was being made 5. had been booked 6. was being held 7. had been completed环节二 变：完成

11、句子1. 他那时正在大学学计算机专业。_【答案】Computer was being majored by him during his college. 2.那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。_【答案】Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then. 3.他说那个人正在动手术。_【答案】He said that the man was being operated on.4. 昨天的这个时候树木正在被种植。_【答案】Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterd

12、ay.5. 他说正在修建一个新车站。_【答案】He told me that a new station was being built. 6.为什么他们没有准时开车到那儿？_【答案】Why didnt they drive there on time?7.因为那条路正在修理当中。_【答案】Because the road was being mended.8.当爸爸到家的时候，晚餐正在被做。_【答案】The dinner was being cooked when father got home.环节三 变：主动句和被动句句型变换When I got to the theatre, I fo

13、und they had already sold out the tickets._【答案】When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people had considered him to be a great leader._【答案】The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had been c

14、onsidered to be a great leaderThe workers were mending the road._【答案】The road was being mended.This time last year we were planting trees here._【答案】Trees were being planted here this time last year.They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year._【答案】100 tractors had been produced by the end

15、of last year. He went on to study English after he had finished his maths homework._【答案】He went on to study English after his maths homework had been finished. 04体系构建过去进行时的被动语态： was being done被动语态过去完成时的被动语态: had been done05记忆清单一、过去进行时的被动语态1. 结构是was being done 2. 用法是过去进行时的被动表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。二、过去完成时的被

16、动语态1. 结构是had been done 2. 用法是：1）过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。2）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。0601强化训练 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)你是李华，与同学王明约好到他家讨论将要举行的英语演讲比赛，但是在路上目睹一起交通事故，并把伤者送往医院，没能赴约。请给他写一封道款信，新的内容如下：1. 向李华表示歉意2. 解释未能赴约的原因3. 约定时间以便再作讨论_【答案】Dear

17、 Wang Ming，I am terribly sorry that I didnt show up at your home to discuss the coming English speech contest as planned.Please excuse me for my absence. On the way to your home, I came across n car accident. Seeing the man seriously injured, I soon rushed him to hospital in a taxi and stayed there

18、until he was properly trained. Everything happened so unexpectedly that I didnt have time to inform you.Please accept my sincere apology. I would appreciate it if you could kindly tell me when you are available so that we will discuss the contest later.Sincerely yours,Li Hua第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据

19、其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Joan excitedly packed her bags for her upcoming trip with her family. They were driving from New York to Virginia to go on a brief visit to their distant relatives. She was bursting with impatience to play with her cousins and chat away with her aunt and uncle. After all

20、of the suitcases had been loaded into the car, Tonny, Joans father, looked to Joan and her mother, Flora. “Is everyone ready for our road trip?” They both smiled and nodded. It was going to be quite a long journey, and within a couple of hours Joan had already begun to feel tired. She began to nod o

21、ff when she noticed the car veering off the road, sharply to the left. Tonny managed an emergency stop, got out and walked around the car. He scratched his head, looking confused. Then, he gave a great sigh. “We have a flat tire(轮胎), ”he said to Flora. “Use the spare tire in the trunk. Then we can r

22、eplace it when we reach Virginia, ”she suggested. Tonny looked down at his feet sheepishly. “Ihavent had the spare tire replaced since the last time we had a flat.”Flora seemed upset, but tried to remain positive. “Maybe we can call a service,” she suggested. But a quick glance at their cellphones t

23、old them that there was no signal in the area. Joan looked at her mother in the front seat, and her father still staring blankly at the flat tire outside. Both of them looked concerned. Joan began to get worried. No other cars had passed by in a while and it seemed like they were far away from a tow

24、n center. She looked out the window, wondering if they would have to sleep in the car or if there was any way they could possibly find someone to help them. Would they ever make their way to Virginia?Her relatives would surely be worried about them. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。When Joan

25、looked out the window, she saw a car approaching. _It began to rain and Joan became more worried. _【答案】When Joan looked out the window, she saw a car approaching. She waved to the driver with excitement and the car slowly came to a stop. An old lady got out of the car. Joan begged whether she could

26、ask a service when she visited the nearest town. The lady promised to do all she could and then the car disappear at the end of the road. All of a sudden, the wind seemed to be picking up and the leaves were being blown about.It began to rain and Joan became more worried. But the only thing she coul

27、d do was to stay in the car with her family. The sky was getting darker, but no one came. Suddenly, they spotted headlights in the distance. Emergency rescuers came to help them! They quickly replaced the tire, and the car started again. The whole family were deeply moved, not believing what they sa

28、w.They set out again with immense gratitude.阅读理解C When people are in their late teen years or early twenties，in other words，when they are older and wiser，wisdom teeth can grow into place normally and never cause a problem. But often there is not enough room for them in the mouth；they might crowd oth

29、er teeth. Sometimes they even push sideways through the gums (齿龈). An impacted wisdom tooth is one that fails to completely rise through the gums. Wisdom teeth that only partly break through can leave space for bacteria to enter around the teeth. Infection (感染) is a risk in these cases. Wisdom teeth

30、 that are not well lined and become impacted are often removed. The American Dental Association says removal is generally advised when wisdom teeth only partly break through the gums. Removal is also advised if there is a chance that wisdom teeth ate poorly lined. The best time to remove is before t

31、he teeth cause any problems or pain. Young adults are the best candidates for wisdom teeth removal. But why do we have wisdom teeth if we often need to get them removed？One theory has to do with our diets. Scientists say the diet of ancient humans probably required more chewing teeth. Life was proba

32、bly a little rougher on the teeth back then，too. So it was good to have extras.28. According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Just older and wiser people can have wisdom teeth. B. Wisdom teeth can cause problems if not in their right place. C. Impacted wisdom teeth ca

33、nt grow out of the gum fully. D. Wisdom teeth that only partly break can get bacterial infections.29. Wisdom teeth should be removed _. A. when they break through the gums B. when they are below the gums C. if they are not well lined or get impacted D. if they take up enough room in the mouth30. We

34、can learn from the passage that _. A. impacted wisdom teeth have the risk of getting infected B. ancient humans need chewing teeth because of their happy life C. older adults are the best candidates for wisdom teeth removal D. more chewing teeth are needed for the diet of modern humans31. The main p

35、urpose of the passage is to _. A. advise B. persuade C. comment D. introduce 【答案】ACAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智慧之牙智齿。28. A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，所谓的智齿是指在青少年晚期或二十岁出头长出的牙齿，而不是只有老人或智者才有的牙齿。29. C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“Wisdom teeth that are not well lined and become impacted are often removed.”可知，C项正确。30. A解析：推理判断题。

36、根据文章第三段可知，阻生智齿(即impacted wisdom teeth)会在牙齿周围给细菌留出进入的空间，这就有被感染的风险。故选A。根据第四段最后一句可排除C项；根据最后一段可排除B、D两项。31. D解析：写作意图题。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长智齿的大概时间、智齿可能导致的问题、拔掉智齿的适宜时间、为什么长智齿等内容。所以本文写作的主要目的就是介绍。DKids may need to apologize if they do something wronglike telling a lie or breaking a rule on purpose. When they do

37、 something their parents tell them not to do，or they dont do something they are supposed to do，they apologize，too. Grownups can apologize，tooto other grownups or even to kids. After all，even grownups make mistakes sometimes. By apologizing when theyre wrong，grownups can set a good example and show k

38、ids how to do the right thing and apologize when they need to. Saying “Im sorry” when you need to is the right thing to do. It does a lot of good. But by itself，it might not be enough to make everything all better again. Sometimes along with an apology，a person needs to fix the mistake or promise to

39、 do better. Sometimes doing a nice thing for the person after you apologize helps show that you really are sorry and want to be friendly again. Sometimes a heartfelt (由衷的)“Im sorry” fixes everything right away. Other times，it might take a while for someone to feel friendly after you apologize. You m

40、ight need to give the other person some time. Even after you say youre sorry，you might still feel bad about what you said or didbut you can feel good about apologizing and about making up your mind to do better. When someone apologizes to you，you might not feel like being friendly again right away.

41、Once in a while，if a person doesnt change，you might not want to be friends anymore. You might feel glad that the other person apologized and admitted being wrong. But if someone keeps behaving in mean ways or does something that keeps hurting，you might not feel the same way anymore. Someone apologiz

42、es to you；it doesnt mean you have to be friendly again. That part is up to you.32. The first paragraph is mainly to tell us that _. A. kids often make mistakes at school B. parents often force kids to do something C. apologizing to others is rather difficult D. it is common for people to apologize t

43、o others33. The writer suggests that grownups should set a good example of _. A. working hard B. making an apology C. doing good deeds D. making mistakes34. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _. A. promising to do better B. a lot of good C. fixing mistakes D. saying “Im sorry

44、”35. The passage mainly deals with a topic about _. A. politics B. historyC. communication D. science【答案】DBDC【解析】文章告诉我们一个道理，做错事情道歉是天经地义的事情，无论大人还是孩子。32. D解析：推理判断题。作者在第一段列举了孩子们需要道歉的若干情况，从而告诉读者向别人道歉是一种常见的现象。33. B解析：推理判断题。根据句中的apologizing等信息可知，作者建议成年人为孩子树立道歉的榜样。34. D解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Saying “Im sorry” when you need to is the right thing to do. It does a lot of good很明显可以看出，代词it指代saying “Im sorry”。35. C解析：主旨大意题。本文介绍了“道歉”的必要性、技巧及其产生的效果，很明显，这些话题是属于“交际”的范畴，故C项为最佳答案。