Unit 4 Growing up-【教材同步拓展阅读】2022-2023学年九年级英语上册（牛津译林版）.docx

1、2022-2023学年 九年级英语上册单元话题拓展阅读 Unit 4 Growing up一、任务型阅读1根据短文内容，完成表格。Noah Webster was born on October 16, 1758, in the West Division of Hartford, where his father farmed and worked as a weaver(织布工). His mother was a housewife.Few people went to college at that time, but Noah loved so much to learn that

2、his parents let him go to Yale, Connecticuts only college.Noah graduated in 1778.He desired(渴望) to study law, but his parents didnt have more money to send him to school. So, in order to make a living, Noah taught in Glastonbury, Hartford and West Hartford.Later he studied law.Noah did not like Amer

3、ican schools.Sometimes 70 children of all ages were crammed(挤满) into oneroom schoolhouses with poor books and untrained teachers.Their books came from England.Noah thought that Americans should learn from American books, so in 1783, Noah wrote his own textbook A Grammatical Institute of the English

4、Language. Most people called it the BlueBacked Speller because of its blue cover. For 100 years, Noahs book taught children how to read, spell and pronounce words.It was the most popular American book of its time.Ben Franklin used Noahs book to teach his granddaughter to read. When Noah was 43, he s

5、tarted writing the first American dictionary. He did that because Americans in different parts of the country spelled, pronounced and used words differently. He thought that all Americans should speak in the same way.He also thought that Americans should not speak and spell just like the British. No

6、ah used American spellings like color instead of the British English colour and music instead of musick. He also added American words.He spent over 27 years writing his dictionary.When Noah accomplished(完成) his dictionary in 1828, at the age of 70, the first American dictionary came out. It had 70,

7、000 words in it.Noah did many things in his life.He worked for copyright laws, wrote textbooks, Americanized the English language, and edited magazines. When Noah Webster died in 1843, he was considered an American hero.Noah Webster and the American DictionaryName: Noah WebsterDate of birth: October

8、 16, 1758Major events： 1778: After graduating, Noah had to work as a because his parents couldnt his further education. 1783: Crowded schoolhouses with poor English books and untrained teachers didnt Noah. He wrote the textbook of his own. The textbook was so at the time even Ben Franklin used it to

9、 teach his granddaughter to read. 1801: Noah started writing the first American dictionary because he realized it was for all Americans to speak in the same way. Also, he thought all Americans should speak and spell in their way. 1828: The first American dictionary wasnt until Noah was 70 years old.

10、 It him over 27 years to write it. 1843: Because of his contribution to America, Noah was considered an American when he died.二、完形填空 There is an old English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” One person certainly would have agreed with this is Norman Cousins.Norman Cousins was the editor of a

11、magazine called Saturday Review for almost forty years. He also （1） and spoke about world peace and anti-war issues(反战议题), traveling to many different countries to share his （2） In the 1960s, after returning to the United States from a busy and tiring trip toEurope. Mr. Cousins got （3） . He discover

12、ed he had a strange disease that caused great pain in his bones(骨头). In less than a week after he got back, he could not （4） it. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to （5） at night. The doctor told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure (治疗)his problem and he might never （6）

13、 the illness. Mr. Cousins, however , refused to give up hope . Mr. Cousins thought that the illness could be caused by （7） thoughts. He did not want to take （8） to cure himself. Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness. He began to experiment on himself while still in

14、the hospital by watching comedy shows on televis ion. Mr. Cousins quickly found that ten minutes of （9） laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.Deciding that the （10） could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could （11） hi

15、s experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins （12） in the hotel room watching comedy shows on television, reading amusing books, and sleeping whenever he felt （13） . Within three weeks, he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for （14） . Af

16、ter a few months, Mr. Cousins was （15） to carry on his work. He had laughed himself back to health.（1）AlaughedBtaughtCwroteDcopied（2）AmagazinesBsubjectsCphotosDideas（3）ArichBsickClonelyDfamous（4）AstandBrealizeCfaceDimprove（5）AdreamBeatCshoutDsleep（6）Ago throughBlook afterCget overDfind out（7）Aunhapp

17、yBpleasantCsillyDclever（8）AfoodBtimeCmedicineDmoney（9）AunusualBfalseCrealDwild（10）AfriendsBlaughterCexperimentDdoctors（11）AbeginBendCcontinueDreport（12）ArestedBworkedCstudiedDplayed（13）AwellBtiredCafraidDworried（14）AhelpBexerciseCfreedomDfun（15）AableBsafeClazyDuncertain三、阅读理解A Nate Robinson is unlik

18、e any other player in the NBA. This player is the shortest in the NBA, but he is one of the most fearless players. He is 1.75m tall. In NBA, he looks like a fourthgrader among a group of high school students, according to The Atlantic. How can he compete （竞争）with them? Robinson makes up for this wit

19、h his ability to jump. Without moving forwards or backwards, he can jump up to 110cm. However, confidence helps him more. People talk about my height all the time, but I dont really feel smaller than anyone else, said Robinson. I always think Im on fire（充满激情的）. No matter who you are or what youve wo

20、n, hes going to come at you. With that spirit, he has won the NBA Slam Dunk Contest threetimes. Also, he has made many wonderful blocks （盖帽）. Chicago Bulls played Miami Heat on May 10, 2013. LeBron James, the 2.03-meter-tall player from Miami Heat, went to shoot. But Robinson blocked him. He also bl

21、ocked Shaquille ONeal in Cleveland Cavaliers and even Yao Ming in Houston Rockets. Nate Robinson is a hero. He has given many basketball fans hope. Maybe one day, you can also block big guys like LeBron James!（1）According to the report, Nate Robinson once played for . AChicago BullsBMiami HeatCHoust

22、on RocketsDCleveland Cavaliers（2）Paragraph 1of the report mainly talks about . Ahow great Nate Robinson isBhow Nate Robinson is unlike any other playerChow fearless Nate Robinson isDwho Nate Robinson is（3）The underlined phrasemakes upprobably means . A强化B弱化C弥补D构成（4）Nate Robinsons is the main reason

23、why he can compete with others. Aability to jumpBconfidenceCshooting skillsDblocks（5）Which is TRUE about Nate Robinson? AHe once blocked Yao Ming from Miami Heat.BHe won the NBA Slam Dunk Contest more than once.CHe gives hope to all NBA players.DHe feels himself smaller than others and he practises

24、hard.B There is a true story about honesty and gratitude(感恩). On May 9th, Mr. Zeng received a strange phone, the other said, Do you remember me and Ill pay the money back to you. But Mr. Zeng wondered why the young man gave him money. The young man said, A few years ago my father had leukemia(白血病)an

25、d you gave me some money for help. Now I want to pay the money back to you.Mr. Zeng finally remembered the young man named Xu Tao, a university student in Beijing. Xu Tao asked strangers for raising money to help his father on the Internet when he knew his father had leukemia 3 years ago. I promise

26、that I will give the money back to you in 3 to 5 years. Xu Tao said in the article. As time went by, many helpers almost forgot this thing, but Xu Tao did not. It is not easy for Xu Tao and his family to pay back the money of 550, 000 yuan. Xu Tao didnt get much money every month, in fact his family

27、 is still poor. Xu Tao felt sorry that he couldnt contact many people who had helped him. But he thought he was sure to find them. Xu Taos precious(珍贵的) personality moves a lot of people, and thats most people lacks. If everyone can keep his words and be grateful to people around, our society will b

28、ecome better and better. 1Xu Tao was _ when his father had leukemia. Aa university teacherBa university studentCa middle school studentDa famous doctor2How much does Xu Tao need to pay back according to the passage? A55, 000 yuan.B54, 000 yuan.C550, 000 yuan.D554, 000 yuan.3Which of the following is

29、 TRUE? AXu Tao has paid back the money to all the people who helped him.BAll the people who helped Xu Tao remembered the thing.CMr. Zeng thought Xu Tao would pay back the money some day.DMr. Zeng didnt expect Xu Tao to pay back the money some day.4What is the meaning of the underlined word contact i

30、n Chinese? A联系B感谢C看望D报答5The best title for the passage is _. AThe Sick FatherBThe Poor FamilyCThe Forgotten PromiseDThe Strange TelephoneC I dont like talking openly about my feelings. Thats probably why I am writing this, because it seems an easier way of telling you how thankful I am to you. When

31、I first got ill two years ago and had to be taken to hospital, you were the first person I called to tell, maybe because I knew Mum wasnt going to answer her phone, but probably because you are the first person I call in an emergency. As one illness turned into another and I was stuck in hospital fo

32、r weeks, feeling sorry for myself, you were still at my beside trying to talk to me to cheer me up. The illness hit my kidney(肾) and we then realized that I was going to need a transport sooner or later. You put yourself forward to be tested as soon as possible and it turned out you were a perfect m

33、atch. Then last year, in March, we both went down for the operation. I woke a few hours afterwards and felt better. It wasnt until the following day that we got to see each other again. We hugged silently and asked one another how we were. But I never said the words I should havethank you. To this d

34、ay, I still havent said those words to you for my kidney. In the month after the operation, when we were both at home recovering, I made you lunch, went for walks with you. Its my way of saying that I care for you a great deal and that I am truly thankful for what you did for me. I want you to know

35、that my silence towards you and the times you tried to talk to me and got nothing werent because of you. Maybe one day when you will read this, I hope you know that in my own silent way, I am for ever thankful.（1）The writer called his father when he was ill _. Abecause he didnt live together with hi

36、s motherBbecause he could get help from his father at onceCbecause his father could deal with any emergencyDbecause his mother waste time to answer the phone（2）After the operation the writer _. Atold he was thankful to his fatherBdidnt wake until his father cameCwas too shy to show his thanksDthough

37、t a lot about the transport（3）What does the word “transport” mean in the second paragraph? A手术B工具C移植D帮助（4）What does the writer mainly want to say? ATo show his father was friendly to him. BTo show how much his father loved him.CTo say he got on well with his father. DTo thank his father for giving o

38、ne kidney.DPeople love to share things on social media （媒体）like Weibo and WeChat. They show off things like foods and drinks. Stars have many social media followers. Many of them build ads into their posts （帖子）. So do other famous people.Nancy, a 17-year-old teenager did a study into social media ad

39、s. She wanted to see if people share unhealthy foods and drinks. Nancy made a list of famous people on social media first. She picked 100 actors, 100 singers and 100 influencers （网红）. She looked for posts about foods and drinks. Then, she gave a grade for each of them. The grade showed how nutritiou

40、s the food or drink was.Nancy found that influencers shared the most foods and drinks by far. They also shared the most sweets which had an unhealthy grade. Nancy was surprised. She thought influencers would share healthier things. Fruits, vegetables and water were least shared by all three groups.

41、Influencers often shared soft drinks. So did singers.Influencers are often friendly and seem close to us. So young people are more likely to believe them. Many users are under 18 years old. “They should be kept away from unhealthy ads, Nancy says.There should be new rules. Nancy has unfollowed some

42、people. They were pushing unhealthy habits. Users need to choose who they follow in a smart way.(1)Many stars put the ads _. Ainto their postsBin their videosCon their websitesDin their TV shows(2)Nancy studied the foods and drinks on social media ads by _. Amaking a list of famous peopleBgiving a g

43、rade for each of themCasking influencers some questionsDlooking into the eating habits of the stars(3)The underlined word “nutritious”, in this passage means _. AcleanBdeliciousCpopularDhealthy(4)Nancys study shows that _. Aactors shared the most sweets on social mediaBsingers often shared soft drin

44、ks on social mediaCinfluencers shared the most healthy foods and drinksDall three groups shared fruits, vegetables and water most(5)The purpose of this passage is to _. Amake people believe the ads on social mediaBadvise people to follow the influencers on social mediaCask people to stay away from u

45、nhealthy social media adsDtell people to buy the foods and drinks on social media adsELu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. He not only wrote stories, but also wrote articles about living conditions of Chinese people.Lu Xun was born in 1881. In 1898, his grandfather was

46、put into prison for taking money. His father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing. In 1902, he went to study in Japan. He showed a talent for writing and translating. He even

47、 wrote several books. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money. After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing. Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday langu

48、age that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True StoryOf Ah Q(1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer. Lu Xun still worried greatly about Chinas future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories. He then only wrote articles which

49、 called on people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books.He died in 1936. Lu Xuns importance and influence have grown. Today some of his works are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world.

50、(1)Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xuns writing according to the passage? AThe people he met in Japan.BThe experiences in his early life.CWorking as a teacher in Beijing.(2)Why was Lu Xuns story Diary of a Madman so popular according to the passage? AIt was based on Lu Xuns diary.BIt wa

51、s the first novel using everyday language.CIts story took place in modern times.(3)What does This refer to? AThe success of Diary of a Madman.BThe True Story of Ah Q.CThe first Chinese novel.(4)What did Lu Xun mainly write after moving to Shanghai? AFunny stories.BArticles about himself.CArticles ca

52、lling on people to fight against the government.(5)Which is TRUE about Lu Xun according to the passage? ASome of his articles were about living conditions of Chinese people.BIn 1898, his father was put into prison for taking money.CLu Xun only wrote stories all his life.F If our eyes only saw souls

53、instead of bodies, how differently would we understand the meaning of beauty? Our house was across the street from a big hospital, so we rented our empty upstairs rooms to outpatients. One evening, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man. His face looked terrible -

54、 it was swollen and red. Yet his voice was pleasant. He told me that he came for treatment and that hed been hunting for a spare room since noon, but no one would give him one because of his face. For a moment I hesitated, but he said he would be happy to just sleep on our porch . I agreed. The old

55、man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, her five children, and her crippled husband. He didnt complain while telling me his story. He was grateful that he didnt feel any pain from his disease, which was seemingly a form of skin cance

56、r. The next morning, he said, Can I come back and stay the next time I need treatment? I told him he was welcome to come again. On his next trip, as a gift, he brought a big fish and some large oysters. In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like t

57、hese. My neighbor warned me that I could lose potential renters by putting up the old man after he left the first morning. Maybe we did lose renters once or twice. But if only they could have known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family always will be grateful

58、 to have known him. From him we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.（1）The author hesitated to answer at first, which shows that _. Ahe wondered how the old man found himBhe was happy to accept the old manCthere were no empty rooms upstairsDhis decisio

59、n was not an easy one（2）Which of the following shows that the old man had a big heart? AHe could sleep on the porch.BHe supported a large family.CHe didnt care about his wifes life.DHe was grateful to have skin cancer.（3）What did the writer think of the neighbor who warned him? AThe neighbor wanted

60、gifts from the old man.BThe neighbor didnt want to see the old mans face.CThe neighbor didnt see the kind soul inside the old man.DThe neighbor might do something bad to the old man.（4）What does the writer want to tell us？ 参考答案一、1【答案】First；teacher；afford；satisfy；popular；necessary；own；accomplished/fi

61、nished；took；hero【解析】文章大意： 本文是一篇人物故事类短文，主要介绍了美国著名的词典编纂家诺亚韦伯斯特的生平。韦伯斯特1758年10月出生于哈特福德，由于他很爱学习，父母送他去了康涅狄格州的耶鲁大学，毕业之后为了谋生，在格拉斯顿伯里教书。他对美国的学校不大满意，班额太大、教材也很破旧，所以他编写了一本教材。后来他又意识到美国人应该有统一的语言和书写，他又编写了一本词典，里面有些和英国英语不一样的地方。直到他70岁的时候才完成，他还做了很大其他的工作，一直到1843年去世。被誉为美国英雄。（1）这篇短文主要介绍了韦伯斯特和他编写的第一部词典的情况，根据When Noah was

62、 43，he started writing the first American dictionary，故填First。（2）根据in order to make a living，Noah taught in Glastonbury可知为了谋生，他在格拉斯顿伯里当老师，故填teacher。（3）根据his parents didnt have more money to send him to school他父母没有钱送他去上学，也就是负担不起他上学的费用，因为空格前面是couldnt，后面要用动词原形，所以要用afford来填空，故填afford。（4）根据Noah did not li

63、ke American schools他不喜欢美国的学校，也就是不满意美国的学校，因为空格前面借助助动词did构成了否定式，后面要用动词原形，故填satisfy。（5）根据 It was the most popular American book of its time可知在那个时代是最受欢迎的课本，故填popular。（6）根据He thought that all Americans should speak in the same way可知他认为美国人有必要用统一的方式来说话，另外此处是一个结构It is/was+形容词+for sbto do sth故填necessary。 （7）

64、根据He also thought that Americans should not speak and spell just like the EnglishNoah used American spellings like color instead of the English color and music instead of musick他认为美国应该有不同于英国英语的一些读法和拼写，也就是有自己的读和写的方法固定结构，in ones own way，用某人自己的方式，故填own。（8）根据When Noah accomplished （完成） his dictionary in

65、 1828，at the age of 70，the first American dictionary came out可知他在70岁的时候才完成这部词典的编写，故填accomplished/finished。（9）根据When Noah was 43，he started writing the first American dictionary和When Noah accomplished （完成） his dictionary in 1828，at the age of 70从43开始写一直到70，写这部词典花费了27年的时间，所以要用结构It takes sb. sometime t

66、o do sth意思是花费某人多少时间做某事此处为一般过去时故用其过去式took，故填took。（10）根据When Noah Webster died in 1843，he was considered an American hero可知他被认为是美国的英雄，故填hero。【点评】考查任务型阅读，这是一篇根据短文完成表格的题型，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。二、【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）B；（14）B；（15）A

67、【解析】短文大意：英国有句古话:“笑是最好的药。”本文用担任周六评论(Saturday Review)杂志编辑近40年诺曼卡辛斯的故事来证明了这句话。（1）句意：他还就世界和平和反战问题进行写作和演讲，到许多不同的国家去分享他的想法。laughed笑；taught教；wrote写；copied复制，抄袭；根据句意可知是写作，故答案为C。（2）句意：他还就世界和平和反战问题进行写作和演讲，到许多不同的国家去分享他的想法。magazines杂志；subjects科目；photos照片；ideas想法，观点；根据句意和语境可知是想法，故答案为D。（3）句意：20世纪60年代，在结束了繁忙而又疲惫的欧

68、洲之旅回到美国之后，卡辛斯先生病了。rich富裕的；sick病的；lonely孤独的，寂寞的；famous著名的；根据下文可知他是生病了，故答案为B。（4）句意：回来不到一个星期，他就受不了了。stand忍受；realize意识到；face面对；improve提高；根据下文 Every move that he made was painful. 可知他做的每一个动作都很痛苦，可以推测他忍受不了了，故答案为A。（5）句意：觉他晚上睡不着。dream梦想；eat吃；shout大声喊；sleep睡觉；根据上文可知他很痛苦，应该是晚上睡不着，故答案为D。（6）句意：医生告诉卡辛斯先生，他们不知道如何

69、治疗他的问题，他可能永远无法康复。go through经受，仔细检查；look after照顾，照看；get over克服，恢复；find out查明，弄清；根据句意可知这里是克服，治疗他的疾病，故答案为C。（7）句意：卡辛斯先生认为这种疾病可能是由不愉快的想法引起的。unhappy不高兴的；pleasant令人愉快的；silly傻的；clever聪明的；根据句意和常识可知不开心会引起疾病，故答案为A。（8）句意：他不想吃药来治好自己的病。food食物；time时间；medicine药；money钱；根据句意和语境可知是药，故答案为C。（9）句意：卡辛斯先生很快发现，白天十分钟的真正的笑声能让

70、他在晚上有两个小时的无痛睡眠。unusual不寻常的；false错误的；real真的；wild野生的，荒凉的；根据句意和语境可知这里是真正的，故答案为C。（10）句意：考辛斯先生觉得医生帮不了他，于是离开了医院，住进了一家酒店的房间，在那里他可以用笑声继续他的实验。friends朋友；laughter笑声；experiment实验；doctors医生；根据句意和语境可知他认为医生帮不了他，故答案为D。（11）句意：考辛斯先生觉得医生帮不了他，于是离开了医院，住进了一家酒店的房间，在那里他可以用笑声继续他的实验。begin开始；end结束；continue继续；report报道；根据句意和语境可

71、知是继续他的实验，故答案为C。（12）句意：一连八天，卡辛斯先生都在旅馆房间里休息，看电视上的喜剧节目，读有趣的书，累了就睡觉。rested休息；worked工作；studied学习；played玩；根据句意可知是休息，故答案为A。（13）句意：一连八天，卡辛斯先生都在旅馆房间里休息，看电视上的喜剧节目，读有趣的书，累了就睡觉。well好；tired累的，疲劳的；afraid害怕；worried担心；根据句意和上文可知是累的，故答案为B。（14）句意：三周后，他感觉良好，可以去波多黎各度假，并开始在海滩上跑步锻炼身体。help帮助；exercise锻炼；freedom自由；fun乐趣；根据 h

72、e began running on the beach 可知是锻炼，故答案为B。（15）句意：几个月后，卡辛斯先生能够继续他的工作。able有能力的；safe安全的；lazy懒惰的；uncertain不确定的，无把握的；根据句意和固定搭配be able to可知这里用able，故答案为A。【点评】考查记叙文阅读。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。三、A【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B（5）B【解析】主要讲了内特罗宾逊不同于NBA的其他球员。这位球员是NBA最矮的球员，但他是最勇敢的球员之一

73、。他身高1.75米。”在NBA，他看起来像一群高中生中的四年级学生。他是如何和其他人竞争的。（1）细节理解题。根据Chicago Bulls played Miami Heat on May 10, 2013. LeBron James，the 2.03-meter-tall player from Miami Heat, went to shoot. But Robinson blocked him. 在芝加哥公牛队和迈阿密热队的比赛中，身高2.03的勒布朗詹姆斯要投篮的时候，罗宾逊盖了詹姆斯，因此可知罗宾逊曾经在公牛队打过球。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据he looks like a f

74、ourth-grader among a group of high school students，他就像一个在一群高中生当中的一个四年级生。因此可知第一段主要讲述的是内特罗宾逊如何不像其他的运动员。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据Robinson makes up for this with his ability to jump. this指的是前面的身高不足，只有1.75米，因此可知这句话的意思是罗宾逊用跳的能力来弥补身高的不足因此可知make up的意思是弥补。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据How can he compete （竞争）with them? Robinson makes

75、 up for this with his ability to jump. Without moving forwards or backwards，he can jump up to 110cm. However，confidence helps him more. 他如何和他们竞争呢? 罗宾逊用跳的能力来弥补，垂直起跳就可以，可以调到1.1米，自信帮助了他，因此可知罗宾逊的自信是他和其他运动员竞争的主要原因。故选B。（5）细节理解题。根据With that spirit，he has won the NBA Slam Dunk Contest threetimes. 他获得了三次扣篮冠军

76、，因此可知他不止一次获得NBA的扣篮冠军。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，首先读懂文章大意和题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。B 【答案】1B2C3D4A5C【解析】短文大意：徐涛的爸爸生了病，他请求全国人民爱心捐款，之后徐涛一笔一笔的在还这笔捐款，但是那些曾经帮助过他们的人已经忘记了他曾经的承诺。告诉我们要遵守承诺，社会将变得更好。【点评】考查故事类阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。主旨大意题要在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。1细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子Xu

77、Tao, a university student in Beijing可知他爸爸得白血病时，徐涛是一名学生。故答案为B。2细节理解题。 根据第四段中的句子It was not easy for Xu Tao and his family to payback the money of 550000 yuan 可知，徐涛需要偿还55万的债。故答案为C。3细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子But Mr.Zeng wondered why the young man gavehim money 可知，曾先生在捐钱时就没有想过让徐涛还钱。故答案为D。4词义猜测题。 根据下文But he thought

78、he was sure to find them 可知徐涛为他不能联系到所有帮助过他的人感到抱歉，但是他一定会找到他们。可知，划线单词的意思是“联系”，故答案为A。5主旨大意题。A:生病的爸爸; B:贫穷的家庭; C:被忘记的承诺。D:陌生的电话。根据全文内容可知，徐涛的爸爸生了病，他请求全国人民爱心捐款，之后徐涛一笔一笔的还这笔捐款，但是那些曾经帮助过他们的人已经忘记了他曾经的承诺。所以C选项为正确答案。故答案为C。C【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】短文大意：本文描述了作者对父亲为自己做肾脏移植的付出表示深深的感激之情。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子 you were

79、the first person I called to tell, maybe because I knew Mum wasnt going to answer her phone, but probably because you are the first person I call in an emergency. 可知作者生病时给他父亲打了电话因为他可以立刻得到他父亲的帮助，故答案为B。（2）推理判断题。A.told he was thankful to his father他说他感谢他的父亲；B.didnt wake until his father came直到他父亲来了他才醒；

80、C.was too shy to show his thanks他太害羞了，没有表达他的感谢；D.thought a lot about the transport关于交通我想了很多；根据短文第四段的描述可知作者由于害羞而没有给父亲说感谢的话，故答案为C。（3）词义猜测题。根据句子The illness hit my kidney(肾) and we then realized that I was going to need a transport sooner or later. 可以推测这里是“移植”的意思，故答案为C。（4）主旨大意题。A.To show his father was

81、friendly to him. 表示他父亲对他很友好。B. To show how much his father loved him.为了表示他父亲有多爱他。C. To say he got on well with his father. 说他和他父亲相处得很好。D. To thank his father for giving one kidney.为了感谢他父亲给了他一个肾。根据全文内容可知这篇短文作者主要是为了感谢父亲为他捐了一个肾脏，故答案为D。【点评】考查故事类阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词

82、的词义。D【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)B(5)C【解析】大意：文章主要介绍了Nancy通过给名人广告的食物评分的方式，来劝告人们远离不健康的社交媒体广告。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。17细节理解题。根据第一段 Stars have many social media followers. Many of them build ads into their posts （帖子）. 明星有很多社交媒体粉丝。他们中的许多人在帖子中植入广告，可知是在帖子中植入广告。故选A。(2)细节理解题。

83、根据第二段She looked for posts about foods and drinks. Then, she gave a grade for each of them. 她寻找关于食物和饮料的广告。然后，她给它们打分，可知是给它们打分。故选B。(3)词义猜测题。根据下文 Nancy found that influencers shared the most foods and drinks by far. They also shared the most sweets which had an unhealthy grade. 南希发现，到目前为止，有影响力的人分享的食物和饮料

84、最多。他们还分享了大多数不健康等级的糖果，可知此处Nancy评分是关于食物有多健康的，因此nutritious意为“healthy健康的”。故选D。(4)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Influencers often shared soft drinks. So did singers. 有影响力的人经常分享软饮料。歌手也是如此。可知歌手经常在社交媒体上分享软饮料。故选B。(5)主旨大意题。根据最后一段They should be kept away from unhealthy ads, Nancy says.There should be new rules. Nancy has unfo

85、llowed some people. They were pushing unhealthy habits. Users need to choose who they follow in a smart way. “他们应该远离不健康的广告，”南希说，“应该有新的规定。“南希已经摆脱了一些人。他们在推行不健康的习惯。用户需要以明智的方式选择他们追随的人，可知文章的目的在于要求人们远离不健康的社交媒体广告。故选C。E【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)A(4)C(5)A【解析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了中国杰出的作家鲁迅的故事。【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义

86、，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。(1)细节理解题。根据These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.可知鲁迅早年的经历对他的写作产生了很大的影响。故答案为B。(2)细节理解题。In 1918,he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman.It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that peoplespoke ,which helped

87、make it a great success. 可知鲁迅的狂人日记如此受欢迎，因为这是第一部使用白话文的小说。故答案为B。(3)词义猜测题。根据In 1918,he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman.It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that peoplespoke ,which helped make it a great success. This,together with his novel The True Story

88、Of AhQ (1921)made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.(1918年，他写了一部著名的短篇小说狂人日记，这是中国第一部用人们日常使用的语言出版的小说，这部小说取得了巨大的成功。加上他的小说阿Q正传(1921)使鲁迅成为中国著名作家。)联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词This指代的是狂人日记 的成功。故答案为A。(4)细节理解题。根据In 1926,he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing Stories.He then only wrote articles which called on people to fi

89、ght against the government可知鲁迅移居上海后主要写号召人民反抗政府的文章。故答案为C。(5)推理判断题。A:他的一些文章是关于中国人的生活状况的。B: 1898年，他的父亲因为受贿被关进了监狱。C:鲁迅一生只写故事。根据He not only wrote stories,but also wrote articles about living conditions of Chinese people. 可知A选项符合题意，故答案为A。F【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）The writer wants to tell us never to judge a per

90、son by his appearance /the writer wants to tell us to see others through souls instead of bodies. Also, we should learn to accept the bad without complaints and the good with gratitude We are supposed to be kind to others when we can. Because a small kindness can warm the one who needs help. (第二点可自由

91、发挥，以上答案仅作参考) 【解析】文章大意：本文讲述了一位病重的老人到作者家二楼寻求住宿时，因为脸而导致没人愿意给他一间空房，作者答应了老人住在他家门廊，并在之后的相处中，认识到老人内心的善良，可作者的邻居因此而警告作者可能会失去租客，作者则认为认识老人使他全家都很感激。（1）推理判断题。根据语句His face looked terrible-it- was swollen and red.可知男人的外表使作者无法在一开始就答应他的请求，说明作者的决定并不容易。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据语句He told me that he fished for a living to support

92、 his daughter, her five children, and her crippled husband.可知老人供养了一个大家庭，这说明他心胸宽广。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据语句But if only they could have known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear.可知作者认为邻居没有看到老人内心善良的灵魂。故选C。（4）写作目的题。这篇文章中，作者想要告诉我们，除了看到外表的丑陋外，我们更应该看到他人善良的内心。不要以貌取人，故答案为：1The writer wants to

93、 tell us never to judge a person by his appearance /the writer wants to tell us to see others through souls instead of bodies. Also, we should learn to accept the bad without complaints and the good with gratitude We are supposed to be kind to others when we can. Because a small kindness can warm the one who needs help. 【点评】考查阅读理解。 本题主要考查了细节理解题，归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。