Unit 6 重难知识点（复习讲义）-2023-2024学年六年级英语上册单元速记·巧练（译林版三起）.docx

1、Unit 6 Keep our city clean重难点讲解 (含答案)一、 词汇讲解1. smoke 名词 动词Smoke from cars makes the air dirty. 汽车产生的烟雾使空气变脏。(1) smoke 名词“(燃烧所产生的的)烟，烟雾”，不可数 注意：smoke作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Smoke from factories makes the city dirty.(2) smoke 动词“吸烟，冒烟”三单smokes 过去式smoked 现在分词smoking 例如：No smoking. 禁止吸烟。【小试牛刀1】 Smoke from the f

2、ire (make) us cannot see things clearly.2. rubbish 垃圾Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty. 垃圾使街道变得凌乱而肮脏。(1) rubbish 不可数名词“垃圾” 注意：rubbish作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：The rubbish makes the room dirty.(2) 【拓展】垃圾词汇分类：rubbish, garbage, trash, litter（了解） rubbish不分类的垃圾（或junk）（生活+厨余垃圾） garbage湿垃圾 trash干垃圾（生活垃圾） lit

3、ter随便扔在马路边上，没有扔进垃圾桶的垃圾（乱扔在地上的垃圾）【小试牛刀2】 Rubbish (make) the street dirty. 3. pick 捡起Pick it up. 把它捡起来。解析：pick.up “把.捡起” 注意：代词放中间，如：pick it/them up; 名词放中间或后面，如：pick the rubbish up/pick up the rubbish【小试牛刀3】 The books are on the ground. Please .A.pick them up B.pick up it C.pick it up【答案】makes， makes，

4、A二、 重难点讲解1. What makes our city dirty? 什么使我们的城市变脏?解析：(1)特殊疑问词 what 在此句中作主语。当特殊疑问词作主语时，其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。(2) make 意为“使变得”后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，对宾语作补充说明。【例句】(1) What makes you so happy?什么使你如此高兴?(2) Fruit can make us healthy. 水果可以使我们健康。【练习】单项选择。( )What the room messy and dirty?The dirty clothes and th

5、e waste paper.A. make B. makes C. making【答案】B2. What can we do to keep our city clean? 为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么?解析：keep 意为“保持，维持”，“keep+名词+形容词”意为“保持某人或某物处于某种状态”。此句中的to keep our city clean 是不定式短语,作状语,用来说明What can we do的目的。【例句】Keep your eyes closed. Trust me.闭上你的眼睛。相信我。【练习】单项选择。( ) We should keep our bedro

6、om .A. cleans B. to clean C. clean【答案】C3. We can move some factories away from our city.我们可以把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走。解析：move . away from 意为“从搬走”, move. away意为“把搬走”。【例句】(1) Lets move this chair away from the office.让我们把这把椅子从办公室搬走。(2) Yu Gong wanted to move the two mountains away.愚公想把那两座山移走。【练习】单项选择。( ) We can m

7、ove the table the living room.A. away from B. away with C. to away【答案】A4. They help keep the air clean. 它们有助于保持空气清新。解析：help sb(to) do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”。help 后接动词时,可以加 to 再接动词原形,也可省略 to。如果要表示在某方面帮助某人,可以用“help sb with ”。【例句】(1) Mike often helps his mother water the flowers.迈克经常帮助他的妈妈浇花。(2) I always help

8、my parents with the housework at home.我在家总是帮我的父母做家务。【练习】单项选择。( ) John helped the old lady the road last Saturday.A. cross B. to crossing C. crossed【答案】A5. Billy goes to hospital. 比利住院了。解析：在英式英语中,“住院;去医院看病”用go to hospital而在美式英语中,则用 go to the hospital表达相同的意思go to the hospital 还可以意为“去医院”,是指去医院上班或去医院探望病

9、人等。【例句】(1) You dont look well. You should go to(the) hospital.你看起来不太好。你应该去医院看病。(2) Nancy went to the hospital to see Uncle Bob last Saturday.南希上个星期六去医院看望了鲍勃叔叔。【练习】根据中文提示填空。George had to (住院) for treatment(治疗).【答案】go to(the) hospital三、 易错易混全解1. 易混淆 by metro 与 take the metro 的区别。【例题】根据中文提示完成句子。我们可以乘地铁

10、去博物馆。(1) We can to the museum.(2) We can go to the museum .【答案】(1) take the metro(2) by metro点拨：“乘地铁”可以表达为 by metro或take the metro,但是两者之间的不同在于: by metro是介词短语，放在谓语动词的后面，表示一种说明；而 take the metro 是动词短语，可以在句中直接作谓语。第(1)小题，句子缺少谓语成分，且设空处前 can 是情态动词，其后要接动词原形，故填take the metro。第(2)小题，设空处前已有谓语动词 go，设空处要填的内容应该是表

11、示出行方式,故填by metro。2. 易混淆名词或代词作宾语时在动词短语 pick . up中的位置。【例题】单项选择。( )(1) Please . You should put them in the bin.A. pick up the skins B. pick up it C. pick the skin up( )(2) The toys on the floor are yours. Can you ?A. pick it up B. pick them up C. pick up them【答案】(1) A (2) B点拨：pick . up意为“捡起,拾起”, pick . up的宾语如果是代词,该代词应放在 pick与up的中间位置；宾语如果是名词，该名词既可以放在 pick与 up的中间位置，也可以放在pick up的后面。第(1)小题，由后一句中的 them 可知，前一句中 pick的宾语是复数，故选 A。第(2)小题，前一句的主语 toys是复数名词，所以后一句应用them 来代替其作 pick的宾语，且them要放在pick 与 up的中间位置,故选 B。