中考英语复习之形容词.docx

1、2019年中考英语复习之形容词形容词用法形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质的， 形容词往往被译成“的”。用法如下:1.做定语。e.g. This is an old house.2.做表语。e.g.I am sorry to hear that.3.做宾语不足语。e.g.She made her mother angry.4.形容词在句中的位置。 形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后。e.g.She is a clever girl.I saw something white in the water.5.某些形容词前加上定冠词the,

2、可以代表一类人或东西，可以用作主语，宾语等。做主语时当复数看待。e.g.The old are well looked after.We all love the beautiful.形容词比较级(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + BA 是主格 B 是宾格如： She is taller than me.主格 形容词比较级 宾格（二）英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 原级 比较级 最高级great

3、greater greatestsmall smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）【例】 fine finer finestwide wider widest3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 big bigger biggesthot hotter hottestred redder reddest4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅

4、音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleverestnarrow narrower narrowestable abler ablesteasy easier easiest5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。【例】 careful more careful most carefuldifficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well bet

5、ter bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。二、 形容词各等级的用法：1、 原级（同级）比较：asas;

6、not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can.She isnt as(so)active in sports as before.2. 比较级：表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever li

7、stened.He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、 重点与难点：1、 asas结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而

8、后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too diffic

9、ult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is taller t

10、han :any other boy.any of the other boy.all the other boy.any of the others.any one else.5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more.表示“越来越”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign la

11、nguage.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.Mid-Autumn FestivalMid-Autumn Day形容词比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est

12、构成。great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再

13、加 -er和-est。big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级) (比较级) (比较级)difficult (原级) (最高级) (最高级)常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:原级-比较级-最高级good-better-bestmany-more-mostmuch-more-mostbad-worse-worstfar-farther, further-farthest, furthest形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不important 重要 l

14、ess important 较不重要 least important 最不重要形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting

15、 is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is boy in his basketball team.

16、 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。形容词巩固练习1、-Alex Honnold is planning to climb the mountain, without even using a rope. -What? Ive never heard of _ idea before.A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest2、If you want to be healthier, you must eat junk food, I think. A. less B. more C. much D. fewer 3、W

17、ell try to do _ work with _ time than before.A. much; much B. little; little C. less; more D. more; less4、The new swimming pool near our neighborhood makes it _ for us to exercise than before. A. convenient B. more convenient C. less convenient D. most convenient5、Of the two coats, Id like to buy _

18、one to save money for a book A. the cheaper B. the cheapest C. cheaper D. cheapest6、What do you think of his new design?Its of even _ practical value than the old one. Hes just a bookworm. A. greater B. great C. less D. little7、Both of the T-shirts are in style this year. 这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一

19、换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗?But I think this one is. A. popularB. much popular C. more popularD. the most popular8、Jim is _ than Tom, so he has more friends.A. friendly B. mo

20、re popular C. the most popular D. the most friendly9、-What do you think of the movie? -It cant be _. I dont like it at all. Agood Bbetter Cworse Dbest10、_ you eat butter, cream and chocolate, _ you will become.A. The more; the thinnerB. The less; the fatterC. More; fatter D. The more; the fatter11、A

21、fter watching Kung Fu Panda, my problems seemed _and I felt much better. A. seriouser B. more serious C. most serious D. less serious12、Lucys handwriting is good, but Roses handwriting is much _.A. good B. best C. better D. the best13、Its good for your health to do _ sports. A. much B. least C. more

22、 D. most14、 What did you think of our performance on the charity show? Wonderful! I dont think I can see a _ one.A. bad B. worse C. good D. better15、Our country is getting _. We are proud of it. A. more and more strong B. strong and strong C. stronger and stronger 16、Of the two skirts, Lucy chose on

23、e.A. less expensive B. the least expensive C. the less expensive D. the most expensive17、Youre getting _. A .clever and clever B. cleverest and cleverest C. cleverer and cleverer D. more and more cleverer 18、Guangzhou is getting _ .A. beautiful and beautiful B. beautifuler and beautifuler C. more be

24、autiful and beautiful D. more and more beautiful 19、Do you like eating sea food？Of courseNothing can be _，I thinkAdelicious Bmuch delicious Cmore delicious Dmost delicious参考答案1、A2、A 3、D4、B5、A6、C7、C8、B 9、C 10、D11、D12、C死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为

25、提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。13、C14、D我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大

26、多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。15、C16、A17、C 唐宋或更早之前，针对“

27、经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。18、D 19、C