山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版带答案）.doc

1、吕梁市2021-2022学年高一年级第二学期期末考试试题英语（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is that force called?A. The power of wind. B. Electricity

2、power. C. Gravity.2. What is the woman doing?A. Waiting the man. B. Changing clothes. C. Typing a paper.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. English learning. B. A student. C. A class.4 What do we know from the conversation?A. All the information on line is false.B. The man doesnt know the comp

3、uter at all.C. The woman is cautious when shopping online.5. What does the man mean?A. He will watch TV.B. He has to leave early.C. He will help make dinner.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两

4、遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6. What is said about medical development in the future?A. Health care will be free.B. Cancer may be cured.C. AIDS will disappear.7. What will make distant places more popular for a holiday?A. Lower cost for air travel.B. Faster air transport.C. Better air service.8. What is the top

5、ic of this interview?A. Future ways of traveling.B. Medical progress in the future.C. Changes of life in the next decade.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9. What does the girl want her father to buy?A. A ruler. B. High-tech things. C. Pencils and erasers.10. Which of the following does the father consider buying for

6、 his daughter?A. An MP3 player. B. A computer. C. A calculator.11. Which of the following could be a reason for her father to buy what she wants?A. She volunteers to use some of her own money.B. She asks her father to buy a cheap one online.C. She tells her father she is the best in school.听第8段材料，回答

7、第12至14题。12. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a shop. B. At a bookstore. C. At a reading room.13. What do we know about the book the man would like?A. It is full of invented stories about the Industrial Revolution.B. It doesnt have the number of ISBN.C. It was published in t

8、he early 1980s.14. What advice does the woman give the man?A. Reading on line.B. Borrowing from friends.C. Trying an old bookstore.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15. What is Gary Danko?A. The name of a restaurant.B. The name of a special dish.C. The name of the womans husband.16. What do we know about the womans

9、husband?A. He is a waiter. B. He is a vegetarian. C. He often cooks at home.17. What doesnt the man eat?A. Meat. B. Vegetables. C. Desserts.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. Whats the speaker talking about?A. The life of Stephen Harwking.B. The key to Stephen Harwkings success.C. The education of Stephen Hawkin

10、g.19. When did Hawking go to Oxford?A. In 1943. B. In 1953. C. In 1956.20. Which of the following books was published in 2001?A. A Brief History of Time.B. Black Holes.C. The Universe in a Nutshell.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMusicOpera at Music Hall:

11、1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. .Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March thro

12、ugh June. Call 723-1182 for more information. .Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. http:/www.symphony.org/home.asp.College Conservatory of Music ( CCM ): Performances are

13、 on the main campus of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCMs Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can

14、attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. http:/www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summ

15、er long! Phone: 232-6220. .1. Which website should you visit if you want to see an opera?A. .B. http:/www.symphony.org/home.asp.C. .D. .2. Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?A. Patricia Cobbett Theater.B. Memorial Hall.C. Music Hall.D. Riverbend Music Theater.3. How is

16、 Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?A. It gives shows all year round.B. It offers seats in the open air.C. It has membership discounts.D. It presents only musical works.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对五个网站上的歌剧及管弦乐等乐曲作品的演出时间，内容及购票等细节做了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Opera at Music Hall

17、: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. .(音乐厅歌剧：榆树街1243号。从6月持续到8月，在3月和9月有额外的演出。歌剧荣誉Enjoy the Arts享受会员折扣。电话：241-2742。)”可知，如果你想看歌剧，应该去。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四则信息Coll

18、ege Conservatory of Music (CCM)中的首句“Performances are on the main campus of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater.(演出在大学的主校区，通常在帕特丽夏科贝特剧院)”以及下文中的“Students with ID. cards can attend the events for free.(持身份证的学生可以免费参加活动)”可知，学生可以凭身份证去Patricia Cobbett Theater免费看演出。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五则信息Riv

19、erbend Music Theater中“Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference).(大型室外剧院，提供最接近的座位（价格差异）)”和对比其他信息可知，只有Riverbend Music Theater是室外剧院，有提供露天座位。因此，Riverbend Music Theater和其他地方不同的是它有露天座位。故选B。BOn February 5, 2022, China claimed its first gold at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Wint

20、er Games in the 2000m mixed team relay of short track speed skating. The Chinese quartet (四人组) of Fan Kexin, Qu Chunyu, Ren Ziwei and Wu Dajing stormed to a thrilling victory at the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2:37.348. Italy took the silver and Hungary bagged the bronze.According to the rules, each

21、team is made up of two men and two women, and each of four skaters covers four and a half laps in the 2000-meter race. Olympic silver medalist Fan skated the first leg of the final race, but the race was restarted as Canadian and Hungarian athletes fell down soon after the starting pistol (发令枪) was

22、fired.As the race started again, Fan finished the first leg in third, and her teammates came from behind to lead the race. In the last ten laps, China steadily extended the advantage, while skaters from Canada and Hungary collided (相撞). The Italians finished 0.016 seconds behind China, almost cut th

23、e deficit. Powerhouses South Korea and the Netherlands were penalized and knocked out from the final.“Ive been waiting for this gold medal for a long time. I always believe in our team and my teammates,” said Fan with tears rolling down her face after the competition. “Weve been training hard every

24、day, and we can even feel blood in our throat when we stepped out of the rink. We made it!” The victory solidifies Chinas dominance in short-track speed skating. Wu said, “Our short track team is a big family. We never give up and always go all out for every opportunity to win.”4. What is the purpos

25、e of paragraph 1?A. To explain the rules of the speed skating event.B. To introduce speed skaters from different countries.C. To show the result of the short-track speed skating race.D. To stress the importance of the Chinese teams victory.5. Why was the mixed 2000m relay race restarted?A. Two athle

26、tes fell down accidentally in the final race.B. The starting pistol was fired at the wrong time.C. Some players broke the rules in the competition.D. The skating track was not in good condition.6. What do the underlined words “cut the deficit” probably mean in paragraph 3?A. Scored the same.B. Broke

27、 the record.C. Lost the race.D. Missed the match.7. What can we learn from the short track teams success?A. Failure is the mother of success.B. Well begun, half done.C. Each coin has two sides.D. God helps those who help themselves.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国在北京2022年冬奥会短道速滑2000米

28、混合团体接力比赛中摘得首金的事情。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“On February 5, 2022, China claimed its first gold at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games in the 2000m mixed team relay of short track speed skating. The Chinese quartet of Fan Kexin, Qu Chunyu, Ren Ziwei and Wu Dajing stormed to a thrilling victory at the Beijing

29、 Winter Olympics in 2:37.348. Italy took the silver and Hungary bagged the bronze.(2022年2月5日，中国在北京2022年冬奥会短道速滑2000米混合团体接力比赛中摘得首金。在北京冬奥会上，范可欣、曲春雨、任子威和武大靖四人组合以2分37秒348的成绩取得了惊心动魄的胜利。意大利获得银牌，匈牙利获得铜牌)”可知，第一段的目的是展示短道速滑比赛的结果。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Olympic silver medalist Fan skated the first leg of the fin

30、al race, but the race was restarted as Canadian and Hungarian athletes fell down soon after the starting pistol (发令枪) was fired.(奥运会银牌得主Fan在决赛中滑了第一回合，但在发令枪响后不久，加拿大和匈牙利运动员摔倒，比赛重新开始。)”可知，重新开始2000米混合式接力赛是因为两名运动员在决赛中意外摔倒。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“The Italians finished 0.016 seconds behind China(意大利队落后中国队0.

31、016秒)”可知，两队之间的差距非常非常小，几乎是一样的分数，因此cut the deficit意为“得分相同”，和A选项意思相近，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Weve been training hard every day(我们每天都在刻苦训练)”和“We never give up and always go all out for every opportunity to win.(我们从不放弃，总是全力以赴，争取每一个胜利的机会。)”可知，这个团队训练得很辛苦，才有了好的成绩，因此我们可以从短道速滑队的成功中学到的是：自助者天助，即God helps those

32、who help themselves，故选D。CIn a new study, scientists analyzed blood samples from 22 healthy donators and found microplastics (微塑料) in 17. Half the samples contained PET plastic, which is commonly used in drinks bottles, while a third contained polystyrene (聚苯乙烯), which is used for packaging food and

33、other products. A quarter of the blood samples contained polyethylene, from which plastic carrier bags are made.“Previous work had shown that microplastics were 10 times higher in the waste of babies compared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bottles are swallowing millions of microplasti

34、c particles (微粒) a day. We also know in general that babies are more sensitive to chemical and particle exposure,” said Prof Dick Vethaak, a scientist at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. “That worries me a lot.” The new research adapted existing techniques to detect and analyze particles as small as 0.

35、0007mm. Some of the blood samples contained two or three types of plastic. The team used steel needles and glass tubes to avoid pollution and tested for background levels of microplastics using blank samples.Vethaak acknowledged that the amount and type of plastic varied between the blood samples. “

36、But this is a pioneering study,” he said, “with more work now needed.” He said the differences might reflect short-term exposure before the blood samples were taken, such as drinking from a plastic coffee cup or wearing a plastic face mask.“Are the particles preserved in the body? Are they transport

37、ed to certain organs? And are these levels high enough to cause disease?” Vethaak said. “More detailed research on how microplastics affect the structures and processes of the human body, and whether and how they can transform cells and how they may cause cancer, is urgently needed. The problem is b

38、ecoming more urgent each day,” Vethaak added.8. What does the new study in paragraph 1 show?A. Microplastic pollution is harmful to human health.B. Drinks bottles contain more microplastics than plastic carrier bags.C. Microplastics have been found in human blood by scientists.D. Food packaging is t

39、he main source of microplastics in the human body.9. What makes Vethaak worried in paragraph 2?A. The food fed to babies.B. The mass production of plastic bottles.C. The effect of microplastics on babies.D. The increasing amount of chemicals in fool.10. What might cause microplastics to vary between

40、 blood samples according to Prof Dick Vethaak?A. Various sampling time.B. Short-term exposure to plastics before sampling.C. Different ways of sampling.D. Pollution of blood samples.11. What is the Vethaaks attitude to the effects of microplastics on human body from the last paragraph?A. Doubtful.B.

41、 Cautious.C. Joyful.D. Anxious.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在一项新的研究中，科学家分析了22名健康献血者的血液样本，在17名献血者中发现了微塑料，【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“In a new study, scientists analyzed blood samples from 22 healthy donators and found microplastics (微塑料) in 17.(在一项新的研究中，科学家分析了22名健康献血者的血液样本，在17名献血者中发现了微塑料。)”可

42、知，第一段的新研究表明了科学家在人类血液中发现了微塑料。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previous work had shown that microplastics were 10 times higher in the waste of babies compared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bottles are swallowing millions of microplastic particles (微粒) a day. We also know in general that babies ar

43、e more sensitive to chemical and particle exposure(之前的研究表明，婴儿排泄物中的微粒是成人排泄物的10倍，用塑料瓶喂养的婴儿每天吞咽数百万塑料微粒。我们也知道，一般来说，婴儿对接触化学物质和粒子更敏感)”可知，Vethaak在第二段中担心的是微塑料对婴儿的影响。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Vethaak acknowledged that the amount and type of plastic varied between the blood samples. “But this is a pioneering

44、study,” he said, “with more work now needed.” He said the differences might reflect short-term exposure before the blood samples were taken, such as drinking from a plastic coffee cup or wearing a plastic face mask.(Vethaak承认，血液样本中塑料的数量和类型各不相同。“但这是一项开创性的研究，”他说，“现在还需要做更多的工作。”他说，这种差异可能反映了血样采集前的短期接触，比如

45、用塑料咖啡杯喝咖啡或戴塑料口罩。)”可知，根据Dick Vethaak教授的说法，导致不同血液样本之间的微塑料不同的原因是取样前短期接触塑料。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“More detailed research on how microplastics affect the structures and processes of the human body, and whether and how they can transform cells and how they may cause cancer, is urgently needed. The probl

46、em is becoming more urgent each day(迫切需要对微塑料如何影响人体结构和过程，以及它们是否和如何转化细胞，以及它们如何可能导致癌症进行更详细的研究。这个问题每天都变得更加紧迫)”可知，Vethaak对微塑料对人体的影响的态度是担心的，即anxious。故选D。DEvery driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence,

47、German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at crossings.Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms (算法) taken from a busy crossing to learn about traffic patterns and

48、where improvements were most needed. There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at crossings as traditional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time. They can de

49、termine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with algorithms. Scientists are currently trying this out at a busy crossing in Lemgo, Germany, with encouraging results.The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; t

50、he EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Apart from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling (空转) at crossings.Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, whic

51、h studies pedestrians passing crossings. Using AI, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street. Using a 3D points cloud, they can tell if someone has disabilities or is elderly without identif

52、ying the individual. Because pedestrian buttons that are presently at crossings cannot determine if some people have special needs or are elderly, this is a real win. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking (乱穿马路) by 25 perce

53、nt.Testing will be done until the late summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even gi

54、ve you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work!12. What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project?A To avoid noise pollution.B. To control the speed of traffic.C. To remind people of traffic rules at crossings.D. To provide real-time information about traffic.13 What is p

55、aragraph 4 mainly about?A. Ways of improving traffic flow.B. The development of artificial intelligence.C. The effect of traffic jams on the environment.D. Advantages caused by the intelligent lights.14. What can we learn about the K14PED project?A. It can be helpful to pedestrians with special need

56、s.B. It can identify the individual accurately.C. It can avoid traffic accidents with a 3D points cloud.D. It has been applied to streets in many countries.15. Which could be the best title for the text?A. The Bright Future of AI TechnologyB. The Intelligent Traffic Lights: A Blessing for Transporta

57、tionC. Digital Traffic System: A Sign of Smart CitesD. The New Traffic Service for Old Citizens【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。利用人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time.(这种

58、新的人工智能方法使用雷达传感器和高分辨率摄像头实时解读交通模式)”可知，人工智能在KI4LSA项目中的作用是提供实时的交通信息。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Apart

59、from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling (空转) at crossings.(据说，智能灯可以使交通流量提高10%到15%，从而节省了资金；欧盟估计，交通拥堵每年造成的经济损失总计达1000亿欧元。除了减少通勤时间，这些交通信号灯还将减少在十字路口怠速行驶的汽车产生的噪音和二氧化碳排放)”可知，第四段主要讲述了智能灯的优点。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Another exciting development

60、 in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians passing crossings. Using AI, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street. Using a 3D points cloud, they can tell if someone h

61、as disabilities or is elderly without identifying the individual.(这项研究中另一个令人兴奋的进展是K14PED项目，它研究行人通过十字路口。通过人工智能，研究人员可以确定有多少人在人行横道前等待，以及其中一些人是否需要额外的时间过马路。通过使用3D点云，它们可以在不识别个体的情况下分辨出某人是残疾人还是老年人)”可知，K14PED项目的特殊之处在于可以满足有特殊需求的行人。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lig

62、hts without having to stop and wait at a traffic light. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at crossings.(每个司机都喜欢通过一系列的绿灯，而不必在红绿灯前停下来等待。现在，多亏了人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的方法)”可知，本文主要讲述了利用人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少十字路口停留时间的方法。因此“智能灯：交通的福音”是最佳标题。故选B。第

63、二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。An apology tells someone that we are sorry for the hurt we caused even if we didnt do it on purpose._16_ Apologies are one of the tools that we use to build good friendships and relationships. When you say “ I am sorry ” and really mean it

64、, its because you probably feel bad that something you did or said hurt the other person. Saying youre sorry is more than just words. You are also saying that you respect the other person and you care about his or her feelings. After apologizing, you might feel a little better. _17_ When you apologi

65、ze in a caring way, you can feel good because you are trying to make things right again.Does apologizing fix everything?Sometimes a sincere “ I am sorry ” fixes everything right away. Other times, it might take a while for someone to get past (通过) feeling upset. You may need to give the other person

66、 some time. Even after you say you are sorry, he or she might still feel bad about what you said or did. _18_ What if you have been hurt?_19_ . However, if a person keeps hurting you and apologizing without making an effort to change, you may not want to make friends with him. Just because someone a

67、pologizes, yet it doesnt mean you have to be friends. _20_ , anything more is up to you!A How should we apologize?B. Why should we apologize?C. Although its polite to accept an apology,D. The other person will probably feel better, too.E. When he or she does something wrong,F. When someone apologize

68、s to you, you may welcome it.G. But at least you can feel good about apologizing or fixing the mistake.【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了道歉能够让我们伤害到的人感受到我们的歉意。文章从三个问题着手，介绍与道歉相关的三方面的内容，即我们为什么道歉？道歉是否能解决一切？以及要是我们被伤害了呢？文章告诉了我们道歉的必要性，重要作用以及自己受伤害应该怎么应对。【16题详解】根据后文“Apologies are one of

69、the tools that we use to build good friendships and relationships. When you say “ I am sorry ” and really mean it, its because you probably feel bad that something you did or said hurt the other person. Saying youre sorry is more than just words. You are also saying that you respect the other person

70、 and you care about his or her feelings. After apologizing, you might feel a lite better.(道歉是我们用来建立良好友谊和关系的工具之一。当你真心实意地说“对不起”的时候，那可能是因为你对自己的所作所为伤害了他人而感到难过。说对不起不仅仅是口头上的。也说明你尊重对方，你关心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能会感觉好一点。)”可知，这段讲述的是道歉的好处，它不仅是我们建立好的友谊和关系的工具之一。它也会让我们伤到的人感受到我们尊重他们的感受。因此，此处是在回答为什么道歉这个问题。由此处考查小标题可知，B选项“Why

71、 should we apologize?(我们为什么要道歉？)”符合语意。故选B项。【17题详解】根据前文“You are also saying that you respect the other person and you care about his or her feelings. After apologizing, you might feel a little better.(也说明你尊重对方，你关心他或她的感受。道歉之后，你可能会感觉好一点。)”可知，道歉之后你会感觉好多了，而被伤害的人，知道你对他或她的感受很在意，他们也会感到好很多。D项“The other perso

72、n will probably feel better, too.(另一个人可能也会感觉好些)”符合题意，选项中的the other呼应上文的the other person。故选D项。【18题详解】根据前文“Sometimes a sincere “ I am sorry ” fixes everything right away. Other times, it might take a while for someone to get past (通过) feeling upset. You may need to give the other person some time. Eve

73、n after you say you are sorry, he or she might still feel bad about what you said or did.(有时候一句真诚的“对不起”可以立刻解决一切。其他时候，一个人可能需要一段时间才能摆脱不安。你可能需要给对方一些时间。即使你说了对不起，他或她可能仍然对你所说的或所做的感到难过。)”可知，其他时候，道歉并不能一下子让你伤害的人感觉很好，他们也需要时间去消化。但是不管怎么说，你至少会因为在解决所犯的错而感觉良好。选项G“但至少你可以对道歉或纠正错误感到高兴”符合题意，其中“fixing the mistake”对应前文的

74、“fixing everything”，并且从语意上G选项跟前文形成转折关系。故选G项。【19题详解】根据小标题“What if you have been hurt?(如果你被伤害了怎么办？)”以及后文“However, if a person keeps hurting you and apologizing without making an effort to change, you may not want to make friends with him. Just because someone apologizes, yet it doesnt mean you have to

75、 be friends.(然而，如果一个人不停地伤害你，不停地道歉，却不努力改变，你可能就不想和他交朋友了。只是因为有人道歉，但这并不意味着你们必须成为朋友。)”可知，选项应该既要回答小标题的问题，也要与后文是转折关系。由选项F“When someone apologizes to you, you may welcome it.(当某人跟你道歉时，你可能会接受。)”可知，你被伤害了，某人跟你道歉，你可能会接受。是对小标题的回答，也与下文承接自然。故选F项。【20题详解】根据前文“However, if a person keeps hurting you and apologizing wi

76、thout making an effort to change, you may not want to make friends with him. Just because someone apologizes, yet it doesnt mean you have to be friends.(然而，如果一个人不停地伤害你，不停地道歉，却不努力改变，你可能就不想和他交朋友了。只是因为有人道歉，但这并不意味着你们必须成为朋友。)”以及后文“anything more is up to you!(其他事就看你的了！)”可知，如果一个人一直伤害你，一直道歉就是不改变，紧紧因为某人道歉了，并

77、不意味着你要和他或她成为朋友。因此，选项C“Although its polite to accept an apology,(虽然接受道歉是礼貌的)”符合语意。故选C项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was 16, I wrote a bucket list. This was a list of things that I wanted to do in my lifetime. One of the things on my

78、bucket list was to do a(n) _21_ .Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America. We _22_ so many places and it was a great experience. One of the most _23_ things we saw was Iguassu Falls. The day after we visited the waterfalls we were _24_ in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast.

79、 My friend then suddenly _25_ an ad on the wall saying “ Skydive over Iguassu Falls today! ” We looked at each other and decided it was time to do something _26_ . Today would be the day that we would jump out of a _27_ .That afternoon we were picked up and taken to the Skydive Center. We put on our

80、 gear (装备) and we were given some _28_ . After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane! There were 14 of us in a very small space as we took off into the _29_ . This is when my heart started to _30_ very fast.Suddenly we were 3,000 meters above the ground. _31_ , I was tied to an instru

81、ctor so I didnt have to _32_ anything. He asked me if I was _33_ to fall from the plane, but before I had time to _34_ , I felt the wind rushing against my face as we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour! Everything below me looked so small and my _35_ was simply taken away.After about 20 se

82、conds of _36_ , the parachute (降落伞) opened and everything _37_ . We floated peacefully toward Earth, leaving the clouds behind us.This was definitely one of the scariest but most _38_ experiences of my life. The feeling of falling from so high is amazing. I would definitely do another skydive if I h

83、ad the opportunity. I would also love to try other _39_ sports such as bungee jumping (蹦极). I think that everyone should do something that _40_ them once in a while.21. A. diveB. skydiveC. experimentD. research22. A. leftB. passedC. visitedD. missed23. A. insignificantB. shockingC. differentD. amazi

84、ng24. A. readingB. workingC. hidingD. relaxing25. A. noticedB. recognizedC. rememberedD. reviewed26. A. beautifulB. strangeC. crazyD. funny27. A. shipB. carC. trainD. plane28. A. testsB. instructionsC. warningsD. lectures29. A. airB. waterC. spaceD. forest30. A. sinkB. beatC. knockD. hit31. A. Frank

85、lyB. EventuallyC. EntirelyD. Fortunately32. A. worry aboutB. help outC. focus onD. find out33 A. capableB. readyC. likelyD. free34. A. checkB. inquireC. answerD. argue35. A. heartB. mindC. concernD. breath36. A. flyingB. fallingC. risingD. shaking37. A. let me downB. came to lifeC. slowed downD. spe

86、d up38. A. excitingB. inspiringC. annoyingD. exhausting39. A. extremeB. fieldC. strengthD. team40. A. bothersB. scaresC. challengesD. satisfies【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了自己一次跳伞的经历，作者认

87、为这生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遗愿清单上的一件事就是做一次高空跳伞。A. dive潜水；B. skydive跳伞；C. experiment实验；D. research研究。根据后文“Skydive over Iguassu Falls today!”可知作者想要跳伞。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们参观了很多地方，这是一次很棒的经历。A. left离开；B. passed通过；C. visited参观；D. missed错过。根据上文“Two years ago I spent t

88、hree months traveling around South America.”可知指他们在旅游的时候参观了很多地方。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看到的最神奇的事情之一是伊瓜苏瀑布。A. insignificant不重要的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. different不同的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据后文“things we saw was Iguassu Falls”可知，看到伊瓜苏瀑布是最神奇的事情之一。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参观瀑布的第二天，我们在巴西的一家酒店里吃早餐，放松一下。A. reading阅读；B

89、. working工作；C. hiding隐藏；D. relaxing放松。根据后文“in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast”指他们在酒店吃早餐放松。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我的朋友突然注意到墙上的一则广告，上面写着“今天从伊瓜苏瀑布跳伞!”A. noticed注意到；B. recognized识别；C. remembered记得；D. reviewed回顾。根据后文“an ad on the wall”指朋友注意到墙上的广告。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们面面相觑，决定是时候做点疯狂的事了。A. beaut

90、iful美丽的；B. strange奇怪的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. funny有趣的。他们临时决定去跳伞，所以是疯狂的事情。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天将是我们从飞机上跳下来的日子。A. ship船；B. car汽车；C. train火车；D. plane飞机。根据后文“After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane!”指从飞机上跳伞。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们穿上装备，得到了一些指导。A. tests测试；B. instructions指导；C. warnings警告；D

91、. lectures演讲。根据常识，此处指得到跳伞的指导。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们起飞时，有14个人在一个很小的空间里。A. air空中；B. water水；C. space空间；D. forest森林。他们要从飞机上跳伞，所以是指起飞，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我的心脏开始跳得很快。A. sink下沉；B. beat跳动；C. knock敲打；D. hit打击。根据上文“my heart started to”表示心跳得很快，应用beat。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不用担心任何事情。A. Fr

92、ankly坦白地；B. Eventually终于；C. Entirely完全；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“I was tied to an instructor”作者庆幸自己有教练，故选D。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不用担心任何事情。A. worry about担心；B. help out帮助；C. focus on集中于；D. find out查明。作者有教练，所以不用担心。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打

93、着我的脸！A. capable能够的；B. ready准备好的；C. likely可能的；D. free免费的。根据后文“to fall from the plane”指准备好从飞机上下落的准备。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打着我的脸！A. check检查；B. inquire询问；C. answer回答；D. argue争论。根据上文“ He asked me if ”可知，此处指作者还没来得及回答教练的问题，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：脚下的一切

94、都显得那么渺小，我简直无法呼吸。A. heart心；B. mind思维；C. concern关心；D. breath呼吸。根据后文“was simply taken away”指作者在跳伞过程中无法呼吸，故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都慢了下来。A. flying飞行；B. falling下落；C. rising上升；D. shaking摇晃。呼应上文“we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour”指下落了20秒，故选B。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都

95、慢了下来。A. let me down失望；B. came to life苏醒；C. slowed down减慢；D. sped up加速。根据后文“We floated peacefully”可知降落伞减缓了下落速度。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. annoying恼火的；D. exhausting令人疲惫的。根据后文“The feeling of falling from so high is amazing.”可知作者觉得这是最恐怖但也是最激动人心

96、的经历之一。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。A. extreme极端；B. field领域；C. strength力量；D. team队伍。根据后文“sports such as bungee jumping”指尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。A. bothers麻烦；B. scares使害怕；C. challenges挑战；D. satisfies牺牲。根据上文可知，极限运动使人害怕，作者认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。故选B。第二节（共10小

97、题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式，The Ministry of Education recently released a new curriculum (课程) standard for labor education in compulsory education.Primary school students in first and second _41_ (grade) need to do basic cleaning wash vegetables and peel fruit, and learn to rais

98、e one or two kinds of plants or small animals. Third and fourth graders should clean their classrooms, wash their underwear, socks and shoes, know _42_ to make cold dishes and use home appliances. Fifth and sixth graders should master _43_ skills of cooking two or three common dishes, such as fried

99、eggs, or scrambled eggs with tomato.For middle school students, they _44_ (encourage) to cook three or four dishes _45_ (independent), learn how to make one or two kinds of traditional handicrafts _46_ experience one or two types of industrial labor, new technologies, modem service or volunteer work

100、.The new curriculum calls for the _47_ (participate) of families in students labor education. Schools should use various means _48_ (help) parents realize the importance of labor education and help parents make household lists to improve students independence.The curriculum has been discussed on soc

101、ial media. Netizens welcomed the inclusion of such courses and said _49_ is necessary to teach young students basic skills. Some have regretted not _50_ (learn) such skills during their school days.【答案】41. grades 42. how 43. the 44. are encouraged 45. independently 46. and 47. participation 48. to h

102、elp 49. it 50. learning【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍教育部发布的一项义务教育劳动课程标准。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：小学一二年级学生需要从事基本的清洁卫生劳动、洗菜和水果削皮，并学习种植一两种植物或喂养小动物。由“first and second”可知此处是一、二两个年级，所以grade需用复数形式grades。故填grades。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：三四年级的学生要打扫教室、洗自己的内衣袜子和鞋、懂得如何做凉菜和使用家电用品。“how+不定式”，意为“如何做”。结合句意，此处是指学生要懂得如何做凉菜等，所以应用副词how，与后面的不定式“to ma

103、ke one or two kinds of traditional handicrafts”充当know的宾语。故填how。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：五六年级的学生应该掌握两到三种常见菜的做法，例如煎鸡蛋或西红柿炒鸡蛋。结合句意，此处的“skills”特指“cooking two or three common dishes”，所以需用定冠词the加以限定。故填the。【44题详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：对于中学生，则是鼓励他们独立烹制三到四种菜、学习一到两种传统工艺制作，并且体验一到两种工业劳动、新技术、现代服务或志愿劳动。主语they与谓语动词encourage之间是被动关系

104、，所以此处encourage需用被动语态，又因为they是复数，所以谓语也用复数形式。故填are encouraged。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：对于中学生，则是鼓励他们独立烹制三到四种菜、学习一到两种传统工艺制作，并且体验一到两种工业劳动、新技术、现代服务或志愿劳动。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填副词independently，充当状语，修饰动词cook。故填independently。【46题详解】考查连词。句意：对于中学生，则是鼓励他们独立烹制三到四种菜、学习一到两种传统工艺制作，并且体验一到两种工业劳动、新技术、现代服务或志愿劳动。结合句意，“make one or two kind

105、s of traditional handicrafts”和“experience one or two types of industrial labor, new technologies, modem service or volunteer work”是并列关系，所以需用连词and连接这两个并列成分。故填and。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：新课程呼吁家庭协同开展劳动教育。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填名词participation充当动词短语call for的宾语。故填participation。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校应采取多种方式帮助家长认识到劳动教育的重要性，并帮

106、助家长制定家庭劳动清单，从而提高学生的独立性。分析句子结构可知，动词help和谓语动词use之间没有连词，所以help应用非谓语形式，结合句意，设空处需填不定式to help，充当目的状语。故填to help。【49题详解】考查形式主语。句意：网友们对学校引入这种课程表示欢迎，并称有必要让学生学习基础劳动技能。形式主语的一个句型为“it is +adj.+ to do sth.”。分析句子结构可知，此处需填it充当形式主语。故填it。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人很遗憾自己上学的时候没有学习这种技能。regret not doing sth.是固定短语，意为“为曾经没有做某事而感到

107、遗憾”。所以设空处需填动名词learning。故填learning。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。How many hours do you sl

108、eep a day? Gu Ailing, who answer was 10 hours, said that she slept 14 hour one night, from 8 pm to 10 am the next day. She joking said, “ It was thing worth showing off . ” Good sleep is seen to as her secret weapon to success. Since a young age, both she and his mother have been paying attention to

109、 her sleep. Gu only skied on weekends from the age of 8 to 14 to ensure she has enough sleep. Called her mother the “ sleep police ” , she would always be pushed to sleep more. Gus success shows the important of enough sleep for young people. Make sure to get sufficiently sleep every day.【答案】1.whowh

110、ose2.hourhours3.jokingjokingly4.在thing前加a5.去掉seen后的to6.hisher7.hashad8.CalledCalling9.importantimportance10.sufficientlysufficient【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过谷爱凌的成功来强调青少年良好的睡眠的重要性。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：谷爱凌的回答是10个小时，她说她一天晚上睡了14个小时，从晚上8点到第二天早上10点。分析可知，“answer was 10 hours”是非限制性定语从句，answer和先行词Gu Ailing之间是所属关系，因此用wh

111、ose引导定语从句，表所属，故将who改为whose。2.考查名词的复数。句意：顾爱玲的回答是10个小时，她说她一天晚上睡了14个小时，从晚上8点到第二天早上10点。14后用名词复数，故将hour改为hours。3.考查副词。句意：她开玩笑说:“这是一件值得炫耀的东西。”修饰动词said应用副词jokingly，意为“开玩笑地”，故将joking改为jokingly。4.考查冠词。句意：她开玩笑说:“这是一件值得炫耀的东西。thing是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，thing是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故在thing前加a。5.考查固定短语。句意：良好的睡眠被视为她成功的秘密武器。

112、sth. be seen as是固定短语，意为“某物被看作是”，故去掉seen后的to。6.考查代词。句意：从很小的时候起，她和她的母亲就一直注意她的睡眠。根据语境可知，句子表示谷爱凌和她妈妈都注意她的睡眠，谷爱凌是女的，因此“她的”用her，修饰名词mother。故将his改为her。7.考查时态。句意：从8岁到14岁，为了保证充足的睡眠，谷只在周末滑雪。“she has enough sleep”描述的是过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，has应改为过去式had。故将has改为had。8.考查现在分词。句意：她称母亲为“睡眠警察”，总是被催着多睡觉。分析可知，“would always be

113、pushed”是谓语，call和she之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词calling表主动，故将Called改为Calling。9.考查名词。句意：谷的成功表明了充足睡眠对年轻人的重要性。shows后应用名词作宾语，important的名词是importance，意为“重要性”，是不可数名词，故将important改为importance。10.考查形容词。句意：确保每天有充足的睡眠。修饰名词sleep应用形容词sufficient，意为“充足的”，故将sufficiently改为sufficient。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，你校将于今年国庆节之际举办中华文化展。请你

114、写信邀请你的好友Robert参加。须包含以下要点：1.时间和地点；2.展出内容及意义。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Robert, Im writing to invite you to the Chinese Culture Exhibition to be held by our school at the art center during the National Day. Since this event aims to help more people learn about the traditional Chinese cult

115、ure, the staff, all the students and their parents as well as anyone interested in it are welcome. At the Exhibition, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which visitors will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique

116、beauty of it. If youre interested, please come and enjoy it. And Id be glad to offer any help. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给好友Robert写封信，邀请他参加你校将于今年国庆节之际举办的中华文化展。【详解】1. 词汇积累举办：holdhost相关的：relatedrelevant展示：exhibitdisplay高兴的：gladdelighted2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I

117、m writing to invite you to the Chinese Culture Exhibition to be held by our school at the art center during the National Day.拓展句：Im writing to invite you to the Chinese Culture Exhibition, which will be held by our school at the art center during the National Day.【点睛】高分句型1 Since this event aims to h

118、elp more people learn about the traditional Chinese culture, the staff, all the students and their parents as well as anyone interested in it are welcome. (运用了since引导的原因状语从句)高分句型2 At the Exhibition, related books, pictures, videos and obiects will be exhibited, through which visitors will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique beauty of it. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)