2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习外研版讲义：必修4 MODULE 6 UNEXPLAINED MYSTERIES OF THE NATURAL WORLD WORD版含答案.doc

1、Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1monster n 怪物2footprint n. 脚印；足迹3creature n. 动物；生物4grey adj. 灰色的5claw n. 爪6nail n. (手、脚的)指甲；爪7journal n. 杂志；学报；期刊8sighting n. (珍奇动物等的)目击；发现9seal n. 海豹10volcanic adj. 火山的11myth n. 神话；神话故事_12evolve vi. 进化；演变13border n. 边境

2、；国界14unpredictable adj. 变化莫测的.重点单词(写其形)1attack vt.袭击；攻击2claim vt. 声称3surface n. 表面；水面4calm adj. 平静的5sceptical adj. 怀疑的；不相信的6unlikely adj. 不可能的7cover vt. 占地(多大面积)8adapt vi. 适应；适合9disappear vi. 不见；消失10generous adj. 有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的11reputation n. 名誉；名声12extinct adj. 绝种的；消亡了的13fierce adj. 凶猛的；残暴的 .拓展单词(通

3、其变)1frightening adj.吓人的frightened adj.害怕的frighten vt.使害怕；使惊吓fright n害怕2exist vi.存在existence n存在3mysterious adj.神秘的mystery n神秘之事；神秘4destruction n毁坏destroy v毁坏；摧毁destructive adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的5positive adj.正面的negative adj.负面的6indicate vt.象征；暗示indication n象征；迹象7identity n身份；特性identify vt.确定；辨别identification

4、 n身份证明8fortune n运气；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地 语境活用1To his fright,_the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying.(frighten)2There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)3Some natural mysteries of the ancien

5、t times are still mysterious to people today.(mystery)4People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit. Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy)5Fortunately,_he came to the new island safely. It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here

6、.(fortune)6You dont need an identity,_and all you need is proper identification so that the guards can identify you. (identify)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.close_to接近；靠近2stick_out 伸出3be_sceptical_about 对怀疑4be_related_to 与有关5come_straight_to_the_point谈正题；开门见山6cut_off 切断；使隔绝7throw_light_on 帮助弄清楚；阐明

7、某事；照亮8die_out 灭绝9go_for 选择；喜欢10due_to 由于；因造成1.The rise in crime is likely to be_related_to an increase in unemployment. 2I think Ill go_for the steak. What are you having? 3Theres no point in beating around the bush. Lets come_straight_to_the_point.4The restaurants success was largely due_to its new

8、 manager.5With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earths species are dying_out. 6I believe the teachers explanation will throw_light_on this puzzling problem.7The village was cut_off from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.8Although Jack has made good preparations

9、for the match, he is still sceptical_about his chance of winning. (三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。to have seen是动词不定式的完成式。警方似乎已经找到了他犯罪的新证据。 The police seem to_have_found_the_new_evidence of his crime. 2.

10、They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures. 他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。be unlikely to do sth.“不可能做某事”。由于离截止日期还有这么短的时间，约翰不太可能按时完成工作。With such a short time left before the deadline, it is_unlikely_for_John_to_finish the job on time. 3.Other mem

11、bers of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour. 也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。“beof名词”结构，表示主语的类属或属性。人们普遍认为，学好英语对我们大家都有益处。It is universally acknowledged that learning English well will be_of_great_benefit_to_us_all. 二、课堂重点深化1a

12、ttack vt.袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭n.攻击；进攻；抨击；(病情)发作自主体验单句语法填空 The killer insisted that she was defending herself when attacked (attack). The enemy made an attack on the small town last night.Newspapers attacked the government for failing to cut taxes.The company has come under_fierce attack for its decision t

13、o close the factory.系统归纳(1)attack sb. for (doing) sth.由于(做)某事而抨击某人attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人be attacked with a disease 患病(2)make an attack on/upon . 对发动进攻be/come under attack 受到攻击；遭到袭击 heart attack n. 心脏病发作重点强化易错处处防In fact, the untruthful words made a attack on me. You must answer for that.aan_佳句时

14、时写它帮助我们生存，让我们有力量在受到攻击或面对不公正的时候反击或逃跑。It helps us survive, giving us the strength to fight back or run away when_attacked_or_faced with_injustice.2exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在自主体验单句语法填空No one knows when such a custom first came into existence (exist)He finds it hard to exist on the money hes earning.There e

15、xisted an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence.系统归纳(1)exist in存在于之中exist on live on 靠生存；靠生活There exist(s) . 有/存在(2)existence n. 存在；生存；生活in existence 现存的；存在的come into existence

16、/being 产生；存在(3)existing adj. 现存的；存在的重点强化易错处处防Do you know how long the dinosaurs had been existed on the earth before their extinction？去掉been_佳句时时写在我们学校，自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。The_parking_place_for_bikes_was_an_existing_problem for a long time in our school.3calm adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的v.(使)平静；(使)镇定下来n.平静；宁静自主体

17、验单句语法填空She was breathing deeply and tried to calm herself (she). The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd. 补全句子Faced with the crisis, the government stayed/kept/remained_calm and took timely measures.面对危机，政府保持镇静，及时采取了措施。系统归纳(1)calm oneself(使)自己平静下来 calm (sb.) down (使某人)平静下

18、来，镇静下来 (2)keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇定重点强化易错处处防He stayed calmly when I told him the terrible accident.calmlycalm_佳句时时写在我看来，这么好的事情会让你很容易平静下来并且会给你继续前进的勇气。In my opinion, such wonderful things will_calm_you_down_easily_and give_you_the courage_to_move_on.4adapt vi.适应；适合；改编；改写自主体验单句语法填空All in all, I hope y

19、ou can adapt yourself (you) to the new environment and we can become good friends.Adapted (adapt) from JK. Rowlings book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.(2015浙江高考) Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living (live) in th

20、e suns light.Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.系统归纳(1)adapt oneself to使自己适应adapt to 适应；适合adapt .from . 根据改写/改编adapt .for . 改(编)为之用(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本重点强化易错对对碰(adapt/adopt)The young couple had no children

21、of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life. 佳句时时写(2018北京高考书面表达) 参加一些汉语口语的在线课程可以帮助你适应中国的语言环境。Taking_some_online_courses_of_spoken_Chinese_can_be_helpful_for_you_to_adapt_yourself_to_the_Chinese_language_environment.5fortune n运气；命运；财富自主体验单句语法填空 My c

22、ousin was fortunate to_find (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university. The war brought people nothing but misfortune (fortune) and disaster.根据提示完成小片段In the 1980s, Li Hua went to the south to_try_his_fortune (碰运气). But he made_no_fortune (没有发财). Fortunately (幸运的是), he met with a boss

23、who fed pigs. With his help, Li Hua made_his_fortune (发财) later by feeding pigs.系统归纳(1)try ones fortune碰运气bring good fortune 带来好运seek ones fortune 寻找出路；寻找发财的机会make a fortune 发财(2)fortunate adj. 运气好的；幸运的fortunately adv. 幸运地unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地misfortune n. 厄运；不幸重点强化易错处处防 The fact is that nowada

24、ys many young people are seeking fortune in big cities.fortune前加their佳句时时写幸运的是，人们开始意识到这种形式是多么严重。Fortunately,_people_are_beginning_to_realize_how_serious_this_situation_is._1die out灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)逐渐消失 系统归纳die away(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，逐渐消失die down (风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡 die of/from . 死于be dying for 很想

25、要；渴望重点强化选用上述短语填空Many rare animals are dying_out. We must find ways to protect the environment. Although the wind now died_down completely, the air was still as cold as before. As the sound of the music_died_away,_the film came to an end. With more and more birds_dying_off,_some day some species will

26、 die out completely.易错对对碰(die of/die from) His grandfather died_from the wound that the enemy soldier had given him, and then his grandmother died_of hunger. 佳句时时写(2015四川高考书面表达)你提到你想要教英语作为回报，这正是我想要的。You_mentioned_that_you_would_like_to_teach_English_in_return,_which_is_exactly_what_I_am_dying_for._2

27、due to由于；因造成；应支付；归因于自主体验补全句子That money is_due_to_me,_but I havent got it yet. 那笔钱是应付给我的，而我至今还未拿到。The bus should have arrived at 5：00 pm, but it arrived one hour late due_to_the heavy_fog. 公共汽车本应下午五点钟到达的，但由于大雾它晚了一个小时。系统归纳be due to do sth. 预计做某事；预定要做某事 be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人；应付给某人 be due for sth.

28、 应得到某物重点强化易错处处防 The sports meeting, due to being held this weekend, has been put off due to the rain these days.beingbe 佳句时时写众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。It is wellknown that the global water shortage is_becoming_increasingly severe_due to_global_warming.3动词不定式的完成式教材原句He claims to_have_seen a roun

29、d black creature moving quickly through the water.自主体验In order not to_be_abandoned by the society, no matter who we are, we must relate to the call of the times.为了不被社会抛弃，无论我们是谁，我们都必须与时代的召唤联系在一起。The boy pretended to_be_concentrating on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.那男孩假装在专心听讲，但实际上他的脑

30、子在走神。Im terribly sorry to_have_put you through so much trouble.我非常抱歉给你添了这么多麻烦。归纳点拨(1)一般式“to do; to be done”表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或发生在谓语动词表示的动作后。(2)进行式“to be doing”表示不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。(3)完成式“to have done; to have been done”表示不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2017天津高考书面表达) I have succ

31、essfully got admitted as a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of August in Tianjin.(增分要点句)I felt it an honour to have been invited to your birthday party last year.本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“地球奥秘探索”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点话题词汇记一记子话题(一)自然地貌温故浅易词汇lakeoceanbeach shore

32、 coast harbor island wave range 识记生疏词汇stream n溪流pond n池塘bay n. 海湾 port n. 港口 strait n. 海峡 wetland n. 湿地；沼泽地cave n. 洞穴 continent n. 大陆，洲plain n. 平原 jungle n. 丛林，密林子话题(二)动物保护温故浅易词汇insectbeebutterflylackprovide shark whale reserveattack feed raise protect识记生疏词汇sparrow n麻雀illegally adv.非法地eagle n鹰 roost

33、er n公鸡 kangaroo n袋鼠 zebra n斑马antelope n羚羊 penguin n企鹅 endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 species n物种词汇flock vi.聚集；成群而行survive v幸存evolution n演变；进化论 wildlife n野生动植物ecology n生态学 habitat n栖息地，产地常用词块忆一忆be native to原产于take measures采取措施dozens of许多 run after追逐belong to属于 be linked to与有联系result in导致 be similar to与相似search

34、 for寻找 in danger处于危险中a great deal of许多 take place发生a chain of 一串over the past several decades 在过去的几十年里写作佳句背一背The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.Well

35、try to get as close as possible to the animals, even though they are dangerous, so that we can take some really good photographs. 二、话题书面表达亮一点假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信和你就野生动物的保护展开讨论。请你用英语写一封回信，主要内容包括：1野生动物所处的现状；2保护野生动物面临的困难；3你的想法。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter, Im writing to di

36、scuss with you about wildlife protection. Im looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 写作4步走第一步：句写对给词写句in danger, on the edge of, extinction, take measures, carry out, lack, awareness, result in, illegally, provide, make laws, protect, make a difference1一些野生生物正处于危险之中。Some_wildlife_is_in_danger._2

37、许多野生动物濒临灭绝。 Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction._3采取措施帮助那些动物是有必要的。Its_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals._4这些措施很难实施。 The_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._5许多人缺乏保护野生生物的意识。 Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection._6这导致了非法狩猎动物。It_results_in_hunting_the_animal

38、s_illegally._7很少有人愿意提供资金。 Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money._8他们认为这对他们来说是没有用的。They_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._9政府应该制定更多的法律来保护野生动物。 The_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife._10我们的学校应该教学生注意野生生物保护。 Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection.11我们应

39、该尽我们所能去产生影响。 We_should_do_whatever_we_can_to_make_a_difference.12我想知道你的观点。I_want_to_know_your_opinion._第二步：量写够语句扩充13在第1句中加入修饰语“由于环境破坏”。Some_wildlife_is_in_danger_due_to_environmental_destruction._14在第2句中加入修饰语“因为狩猎”。Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting.15在第7句中加入修饰语“为动物保护

40、”。Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection._16在第11句中加入修饰语“在这个项目中”。We_should_do_whatever_we_can_to_make_a_difference_in_the_project._第三步：语写美词句升格1把第13句和第14句合并成一个并列句。Some_wildlife_is_in_danger_due_to_environmental_destruction_and_many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_beca

41、use_of_hunting._2用though引导的让步状语从句连接第3句和第4句。Though_its_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._3用现在分词作状语连接第5句和第6句。Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally._4用as引导的状语从句连接第8句和第15句。 Few_people_are

42、_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._第四步：篇连顺衔接成文用as we know， firstly， besides， in my opinion， last but not least， meanwhile等词汇连句成文。Dear Peter, Im writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection. As_we_know,_some_wildlife_is_in danger_due_to_env

43、ironmental_destruction_and_many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting._Though_its_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._Firstly,_many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illega

44、lly._Besides,_few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._In_my_opinion,_the_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife._Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection._Last_but_not_least,_we_should_do_what

45、ever_we_can_to_make_a_difference_in_the_project._Meanwhile,_I_want_to_know_your_opinion._Im looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua .单词拼写1Jamie keeps having a positive (积极的) attitude and running after his goals. 2An underground organisation has claimed (声称) responsibility for the bomb explosion

46、. 3The older a person is, the slower it will be for him to adapt (适应) to changes. 4It is important to keep calm (冷静的) in an emergency. 5He is a wellrespected teacher and has won a good reputation (名声) for all he has done for the kids. 6Ms. Alice is considered a generous (心地高尚的) lady by us, for she o

47、ften helps the poor people. 7There is worldwide concern about the destruction (毁坏) of the rain forests. 8She hid her thoughts behind a mysterious (神秘的) smile. .语境语法填空1Why have so many species died out? Some scientists think it is related (relate) to climate change, while others are sceptical about i

48、t.Both sides still cant throw light on the real reason.We believe that with the development of science and technology, the real reason will come to light.2Although Wang Gang likes getting close to nature, he goes for working underground in a coal mine, which is almost cut off from the outside world.

49、It is due to the fact that his family is very poor and that he is badly in need of money for his sick mother.3Research indicates (indicate) that some animals are dying (die) out.They go extinct partly because they cant adapt to the environment, partly due to human activities.As we all know, human ac

50、tivities destroy the habitats on which they exist in order to make a fortune.Fortunately (fortune), people have realized the seriousness of the problem.Therefore its time that we should work together to protect the animals.语境改错文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。Tom is about thirty year old and he goes for boa

51、sting (吹嘘)One day when we talked about a robbery occurred in our town, he said he kept calmly when he was attacked by a robber.Whats more, he claims to have fought with the robber bravely.It was obvious he was telling lies.答案：第一句：yearyears第二句：occurredoccurring; calmlycalm第三句：claimsclaimed第四句：obvious

52、后加that.根据提示补全句子/句型转换1在炎热的阳光下工作了几个小时后，这些人都渴望喝一杯冰镇啤酒。(be dying for) After hours of working in the hot sun, the men were_dying_for_a_cold_beer. 2由于对酒后驾车的严格规定，交通事故的数量大大减少。(due to) Due_to_the_strict_traffic_regulations on drunk driving, the number of traffic accidents has greatly decreased. 3科学家们声称在攻克癌症方

53、面取得了重大突破。(动词不定式的完成式) Scientists claimed to_have_made_a_major_breakthrough in the fight against cancer.4Whether wildlife can be well protected is very important.Whether wildlife can be well protected is of_great_importance.5If a nuclear war ever breaks out, it is unlikely that many people will surviv

54、e.If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be_unlikely_to_survive. .短文填空()根据提示填空Way back in 1674, a frog helped Antoni van Leeuwenhoek make an incredible discovery (discover). Antoni was an amateur _scientist (science) from Holland, so fascinated by microscopes that hed built some of his o

55、wn. One rainy day, as he went_for_a_walk (去散步), a leaping frog drew (draw) his attention to a puddle (水坑). Antoni collected a drop of puddle water and put it under his microscope. He was amazed (amaze) to see a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop tiny beings no one had ever seen b

56、efore. These tiny beings, called (call) microbes (微生物), are everywhere: in dirt, in food and on your kitchen table. You even would find your body has more microbes than the world has people over 6 billion！Microbes cant survive(存活下来) on their own. They need food. After settling into a home you, for i

57、nstance they steal vitamins and other nutrients and leave behind dead cells and poisonous_(poison) liquids called toxins. Some microbes can make you sick. People usually call these ones germs. Luckily (lucky) for you, there are more helpful (help) microbes, working together to keep you healthy, than

58、 bad ones. ()片段选词填空People have reported seeing a wild manlike creature in the Himalayas. They call it Yeti. There are many witnesses all over the world. It is said that Yetis are heavily built and hairy. In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalay

59、as, which walked like a human with thick black fur,_huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands. In 1970, many footprints were discovered in the snow near Bossburg, Washington in the USA. Footprints are one of the few pieces of hard evidence supporting the existence of Yetis. However, scientists

60、have different opinions about Yetis. Some scientists even think that these footprints could have been made by people playing a joke. Scientists hope that the mystery will be solved someday. If Yetis really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes. 一、复现单元考点增强备考信心.高考中的语法填空1(2018全国卷

61、)It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due_to_concerns about increased screen time.2(2017全国卷)I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.3(2017全国卷)When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt sit quietly. 4(2017江苏高考)So even if emissions were to be

62、gin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to_climate change.5(2016北京高考) It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome，Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. 6(2015重庆高考) In a word, wild release makes it much more convenient for us to go for what

63、books we like. 7(2014江苏高考)Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence (exist) a secret.高考中的完形填空(选用fortune, attack, misfortune, calm填空)1(2017全国卷)He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would laugh the loudest o

64、ver fun and be the saddest over anyones _46_.misfortune2(201610月浙江高考)Whatever money was left over would be his to keep. Gene was thrilled, thinking he would make his first_42_.fortune3(2013陕西高考) Still shaky and unsure what to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best t

65、o look _37_.calm4(2009重庆高考)I seized this golden chance to_41_him.He reacted, trying to get rid of me, but I was already reproducing deep in his throat.attack二、复现话题词汇提高阅读准度新高考下的命题新视角：大自然是个神秘的殿堂，充满着独特的神秘感和无数的奥秘。它似乎如同神话故事一样扑朔迷离，吸引着无数爱好者去探索、去求真。高考常以此话题进行考查，旨在激发我们对大自然的兴趣，引领我们对大自然的奥秘不断探索，揭开大自然未知的秘密。话题感悟学习

66、目标 语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)1How did the ancient Egyptians build the amazing pyramids near Cairo? No one can give a clear answer. But a new study suggests they used a little rocknroll. Longago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled then across the sand, the

67、 scientists say.2“Technically, I think what theyre proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said.3People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.And theres no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.The

68、Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.4The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板)Then they would have dragged them along paths.To m

69、ake the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.5Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large

70、 amount of stone and the remains of paths.6However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study .West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.I thought, Why dont they just try

71、rolling the things？” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized.That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”7So he tried it.8He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30kilogram sto

72、ne block.That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.Then they placed the block on the ground.9They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths.They calculated that rolling the block required about

73、 as much force as moving it along a slippery (滑的) path.10West hasnt tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.At least，workers wouldnt have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是关于金字塔的建造，不同的专家有着不同的见解。这篇文章主要讲述了两种看法。1Its wi

74、dely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by _.Arolling them on roadsBpushing them over the sandCsliding them on smooth pathsDdragging them on some poles解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.”可知选C。 2The underlin

75、ed part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means_.Amade the paths wetBmade the paths hardCmade the paths wideDmade the paths slippery解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线词所处句中的“To make the work easier”以及“either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle”可知，这样做是为了让路更加平滑，故选D。3What does the underlined word “it” in Paragra

76、ph 7 refer to?ARolling the blocks with poles attached.BRolling the blocks on wooden wheels.CRolling poles to move the blocks.DRolling the blocks with fat.解析：选A 代词指代题。由于是指代词，可知内容应该在上文，根据第六段的内容可知工人把木料绑在石块上，然后滚动石块。 4What is the text mainly about?AAn experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid si

77、te.BAn application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.CAn argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.DAn introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了一种新的把石块移动到金字塔地址的方法，故选D。 学习目标 题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透词义猜测技法(3

78、)把握代词指代的两大命题角度代词指代题考查考生依据语境逻辑推断人称代词和指示代词意义的能力。人称代词指代判断题要求考生对it, they, them, he, she等人称代词的正确指代进行判断。指示代词指代判断题主要考查考生对this, these, that, those等指示代词指代意义的判断能力。认真分析历年高考试题不难发现代词指代判断题常出现在人物变换多、动作转换频的语境中，如上面第3题。 .完形填空 One of the best things about traveling is experiencing different cultures. And that often me

79、ans experiencing different _1_ and ways of life too theres no better way to _2_ your own views than to get yourself into _3_ cultures. On a recent trip to Berlin, I was _4_ of the differences between my home country (UK) and Germany. One example: escort agencies (陪伴机构). In Germany, _5_ companionship

80、 is fully accepted by German society. I did _6_ one such agency Escort Berlin, and I was glad of the _7_ I paid for, who became my guide to Berlin! In the UK, its _8_ that we Brits feel rather ashamed to pay for anything _9_ it comes to human relationships. I found the German attitude to be very _10

81、_ and free.In general, I found the local Berliners friendly and gentle; English is _11_ spoken throughout the city, and in contrast, I usually felt ashamed at my poor German language skills. Their love of the arts is _12_ throughout the city in its architecture, museums, parks, and _13_ coffee shops

82、. I had the feeling of being _14_ a population who were people teaching themselves a(n) _15_ for knowledge and learning. I did the usual _16_ things the Brandenburg Gate, the Olympic Stadium, Kunsthaus Tacheles, etc _17_ for me its the PEOPLE that are the fondest _18_ I have of Berlin friendly, enga

83、ging, intelligent, and _19_. And it goes without saying that I will be _20_ to Berlin again.语篇解读：作者以在柏林旅行为例，告诉人们旅行最好的经历之一是体验与自己国家不同的文化。1A.valuesBsightsCclimatesDconditions解析：选A由首句信息“experiencing different cultures”可知只有values属于文化的范畴。2A.changeBformCexpressDexpand解析：选D体验不同的(diverse)文化是拓展(expand)你的视野的最佳

84、方法。change“改变”；form“形成”。3A.interestingBpopularCdiverseDdistinctive解析：选C参见上题解析。4A.warnedBremindedCconvincedDinformed解析：选B最近去柏林的旅行中，作者想起了自己的祖国(英国)和德国的不同。be reminded of“想起，被提醒”，符合语境。 be warned of“被警告”；be convinced of“确信”；be informed of“被告知”。5A.fixedBgivenCneededDpaid解析：选D由下文的“I was glad of the _ I paid

85、for”可知此处是指花钱请人陪自己。paid companionship“付费伴游”。6A.check inBcheck outCcheck offDcheck over解析：选B此处指“我确实核实了这样的一家机构”，故用check out“查证，核实”。check in“登记入住”；check off“在(处理过或核对过的项目后)打钩”；check over“仔细检查”。7A.goodsBticketsCcompanyDsouvenir解析：选C由下文的“I paid for, who became my guide to Berlin”可知作者付钱找了伴游(company)。8A.stra

86、ngeBimportantCnecessaryDtypical解析：选D此处讲述的是英国和德国的文化差异，在德国人们接受付费伴游，而在英国人们对这种现象感到羞耻是典型的(typical)。9A.whenBifCsinceDunless解析：选A此处指当谈到为人际关系付费时，作者发现德国人的态度非常让人耳目一新(refreshing)。本空考查了固定句式when it comes to .“当谈到的时候”。10A.disappointingBpuzzlingCrefreshingDannoying解析：选C参见上题解析。11A.littleBwellCmainlyDhardly解析：选B下文的“

87、and in contrast, I usually felt ashamed at my poor German language skills”暗示，此处填well表示柏林人英语都说得很好(well)，而相比之下，作为来柏林旅游的人，德语还很差，这让作者感到羞愧。12A.shownBcreatedCestablishedDdecorated解析：选A由下文所列的architecture, museums, parks, coffee shops可知，此处说德国人对艺术的爱体现(shown)在城市的各个角落。establish“确立”；decorate“装饰”。13A.stillBeverC

88、yetDeven解析：选D德国人对艺术的爱体现在它的建筑设计中、博物馆中、公园里，甚至(even)咖啡馆中。14A.beyondBamongCacrossDaround解析：选B此处作者用among表示作者对德国文化的认同，他认为自己是德国的一员了。15A.thirstBawarenessCdemandDreason解析：选A由上文的“who were people teaching themselves”可知德国人渴求(thirst)知识。awareness“意识”；reason“理由”。16A.guideBcitizenCagencyDtourist解析：选D由下文所列的旅游景点以及上文提

89、到作者来柏林旅游可知用tourist。usual tourist things指“游客常做的事”。17A.andBorCbutDso解析：选C上下文之间有逻辑上的转折关系，故用but。此处意为“但是我最喜欢的记忆是柏林的人”。18A.memoryBpracticeCpresenceDfeeling解析：选A参见上题解析。memory“记忆”；practice“实践”；presence“出现”。19A.excitedBlearnedCdynamicDserious解析：选B由上文所说的德国人好学可推断出当地人应该十分博学(learned)。dynamic“精力充沛的”。20A.turning o

90、verBsetting offCgoing backDstarting out解析：选C本空所在句总结全文。作者对柏林印象非常深刻，故可推断他会故地重游的。go back“回去，返回”，符合语境。.语法填空(2019石家庄模拟) Mike Taylor, a university student in the study of prehistoric life forms for his Ph.D., discovered a brandnew species of dinosaur, while _1_ (conduct) research at the Natural History Mu

91、seum in the United Kingdom.This new species _2_ (identify) as part of the sauropod family of dinosaurs.The sauropods were fourlegged, vegetarian dinosaurs, _3_ very long necks and tails, and relatively small skulls and brains.One of their most unusual _4_ (characteristic) was their nostrils, which w

92、ere higher up in their head, almost near the eyes.So far, the sauropod bones _5_ (find) in every continent except Antarctica, and they are one of the longest living group of dinosaurs, spanning over 100 million years.This new species, _6_ (name) Xenoposeidon proneneukos, which means forward sloping,

93、 lived about 140 million years ago.Mike Taylor, _7_ has spent five years studying sauropod vertebrae, _8_ (immediate) knew that this was the backbone of a sauropod. However, he had never seen one like this before. _9_ (far) research proved this was indeed a new kind of sauropod.The bone, which had b

94、een discovered in _10_ 1890s, had never been examined.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。迈克泰勒偶然发现了一种新的恐龙物种。经研究证明，这是一种新的蜥脚类动物。1conducting考查非谓语动词。该句主语“Mike Taylor”和动词“conduct”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且根据空前的“while”可知，该处表示动作正在发生，故用conducting。该句也可以看成状语从句的省略，省略了主语“Mike Taylor”和be动词“was”。2was identified考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语“This new species”和动词“

95、identify”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。3with考查介词。该蜥脚类动物为四肢食草恐龙，它有着长长的脖子和尾巴，还有相对小的头骨和大脑。with表示“具有，带有”。4characteristics考查名词复数。characteristic为可数名词，根据该句中的“One of”可知，该处用名词的复数形式。5have been found考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。根据该句中的“So far”可知，该句用现在完成时；该句的主语“the sauropod bones”为复数形式，且和动词“find”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，谓语动词用复

96、数形式。6named考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作“This new species”的后置定语；主语“This new species”和动词“name”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用named。7who考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Mike Taylor”，指人且关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。8immediately考查副词。空处修饰动词“knew”，表示“立即，立刻”，故用immediate的副词形式。9Further考查形容词比较级。进一步的研究证明，这的确是一种新的蜥脚类动物。根据句意可知，空处用比较级，表示“更进一步的”。10the考查冠词。in the 1890s表示“在19世纪90年代”，故用定冠词the。