2020-2021学年英语外研版选修8学案：MODULE 2 SECTION Ⅲ　INTEGRATING SKILLS .doc

1、Section Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner.重点单词1overnight adj. 持续整夜的2authentic adj. (书画、文件、书籍等)原作的3passerby n. (过)路人4dash v. 猛冲5crossing n. 十字路口；交叉口6crossroads n. 十字路口7flee v. 逃跑，逃掉8sideroad n. 旁路，旁侧路9seek v. 寻找；寻求10behalf n. 方面；利益11chief adj. 最重要的；首要的12fundamental adj. 根本的；基本的13drawback n. 不利因素14

2、superb adj. 极好的；超级的15confidential adj. 秘密的，机密的16debt n. 债务；人情债17merely adv. 仅仅；只不过18outcome n. 结果；后果19blame n. (对错事或坏事应付的)责任20liberty n. 自由；自由权21gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的22movable adj. 活动的；可移动的23rural adj. 农村的；乡村的24loss n. 丢失，丧失lose vt. 丢失，迷失lost adj. 丢失的25inspire v. 鼓舞，激励inspiration n. 鼓舞，激励；启发，灵感26app

3、eal v. 恳求；呼吁appealing adj. 动人心弦的appealingly adv. 动人心弦地27calculate v. 计算calculator n. 计算器calculation n. 计算；账目；推定；预想；预定28suspect n. (犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子suspected adj. 被怀疑的suspicious adj. 多疑的29passion n. 激情，热爱passionate adj. 热情的passionately adv. 热烈地；激烈地30official n. 官员；高级职员 adj. 正式的，公务的officer n. 军官，干部31profes

4、sion n. 职业professional adj. 职业的，专业的professor n. 教授.核心短语1depend_on 依靠，依赖；取决于2in_history 历史上3leave_for 出发去4leave_sth.behind 把抛在后面5on_behalf_of 代表6get tired of doing sth. 厌倦/厌烦做某事7at liberty 获得自由的8up to 达到(某个数量)9lead to 导致；通向，通往10take up 从事，开始做(某项工作).经典句式1We dont_think the burglar was working alone.我们认

5、为那个盗贼不是单独作案。2It_doesnt_matter whether he is doing a portrait or a landscapehes a genius.不管他画肖像还是山水画他都是个天才。3Printing made_it_possible_to_produce more copies in a few weeks than could have been produced in a lifetime written out by hand.印刷使这一点成为可能，在数周内印刷出来的书比一个人一辈子手工抄写的书还要多。4But as the ideas of the Re

6、naissance developed, so_did_the_demand for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2,000 years.但随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典作品在很大程度上已经被忽视长达2 000年了。课文预读The Puzzle of the Mona LisaThe Mona Lisa is the subject of many stories, but there is one anecdote which rema

7、ins a puzzle. Is the painting in the Louvre the authentic work by Leonardo da Vinci.or just a copy?The story began one day in 1911 when someone noticed the Mona Lisa was missing. A spokesman said, “The burglar left the antique frame and the glass behind. He must have gone through the basement to the

8、 main courtyard. A passerby saw a man with a moustache, carrying a parcel under his arm, dash over the street crossing, along to the crossroads. He then fled down a sideroad. Were appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us.”So who stole the Mona Lisa? And why? News about the loss of the M

9、ona Lisa was circulated in all the French newspapers, and there was a widespread search for the burglar all over the country. The police said, “We dont think the burglar was working alone. Were seeking a gang of criminals.”Two years later, a man with a moustache went to an art dealer in Florence in

10、Italy and made a tentative attempt to sell the Mona Lisa. The art dealer checked it, agreed it was authentic.and then called the police.Why did the burglar, Vincenzo Perugia, wait so long? Perugia had stolen the Mona Lisa on behalf of the chief organiser of the crime, Eduardo de Valfierno. But Perug

11、ia made a fundamental mistake. He trusted de Valfierno to pay him for the painting. The drawback for Perugia was that de Valfierno didnt in fact need the painting, only the news of the theft. De Valfierno made six superb copies and sold them, claiming that each one was the authentic stolen painting.

12、 Of course, the fact that there were six substitutes was confidential. The six buyers didnt know about the other paintings. Whats more, de Valfierno didnt need to pay his debt to Perugia. After two years, Perugia got tired of waiting to be paid, and tried to sell the painting. When the real Mona Lis

13、a turned up in Florence, de Valfierno simply told his buyers that it was merely a copy.The outcome of the story is that Perugia got the blame for the crime and went to prison. De Valfierno remained at liberty for the rest of his life.But there is still a puzzle. There were a number of precise copies

14、 of the Mona Lisa painted by gifted students of Leonardo da Vinci. Part of the paintings fascination is whether the one in the Louvre was authentic.even before it was stolen. And if Perugia stole a copy.who has the authentic Mona Lisa?PrintingPrinting is the process of making many copies of a single

15、 document using movable characters or letters. In China, printing was known as early as in the 7th century, during the Tang Dynasty; in Europe, it was an important part of the Renaissance. Printing answered a need because people were thirsty for knowledge.Before printing was invented, copies of a ma

16、nuscript had to be made by hand, usually on animal skins. This was a difficult task that could take many years, and which made books very expensive. Printing made it possible to produce more copies in a few weeks than could have been produced in a lifetime written out by hand.It is believed that a G

17、erman, Johann Gutenberg, made the first printing press in Europe. He adapted it from the machines farmers used to squeeze oil from olives. It used paper, which was more suitable for printing (and cheaper) than animal skins. Paper, like printing, had been invented much earlier in China and it had fou

18、nd its way to Europe, via southeast Asia and then India. By the 10th century AD, paper was being produced in Baghdad. The first paper mill in Europe was built at the end of the 12th century.The first book that Gutenberg produced was a Bible. But as the ideas of the Renaissance developed, so did the

19、demand for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2,000 years. People also wanted books in their own languages. The invention of printing meant that this desire could be satisfied.Soon there were printing presses all over northern Europe. In 1476 William Caxton set up

20、 his own press in London, and England became one of the most important centres of the printing industry. This spread of printed books led to a renewed passion for artistic expression. Without the development of the printing press, the Renaissance may never have happened. Without inexpensive printing

21、 to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in rural England in the mid1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession. What western civilisation gained from Gutenbergs contribution is impossible to calculate.蒙娜丽莎之

22、谜蒙娜丽莎是很多故事的主题，但是有一个轶闻仍然是个谜。卢浮宫中的那幅画是莱奥纳多达芬奇的真迹还是只是一个复制品？这个故事始于1911年的一天，在那一天有人注意到蒙娜丽莎这幅画不翼而飞了。一位发言人说：“窃贼把古董架和玻璃框留下了。他一定是通过地下室进入主厅的。一位过路人看见一个留着小胡子的男子，胳膊下夹着一个包裹冲过街道交叉口，沿街向十字路口走去。然后他沿着一条岔道逃走了。我们正呼吁任何看到嫌疑犯的人联系我们。”那么是谁偷走了蒙娜丽莎？为什么要偷走它？法国所有的报纸都对蒙娜丽莎失窃一事进行了报道，搜捕盗贼的工作在全国范围内展开。警察说：“我们认为那个盗贼不是单独作案。我们在寻找一个犯罪团伙。”

23、两年后，一个留着小胡子的男人到意大利佛罗伦萨的一个艺术品商人那里试着向他出售蒙娜丽莎。这个艺术品商人鉴定了这幅画，确认它是真品然后叫来了警察。为什么这个名叫文森佐佩鲁贾的窃贼等了这么久？佩鲁贾是受此次犯罪活动的主要组织者爱德华多德瓦尔菲勒诺的指使偷窃蒙娜丽莎的。但是佩鲁贾犯了一个基本的错误。他相信德瓦尔菲勒诺会为这幅画付给他钱。佩鲁贾错就错在(他没有意识到)德瓦尔菲勒诺实际上不需要这幅画，他只是要画失窃的新闻。德瓦尔菲勒诺制作了六幅可以乱真的复制品并声称每幅都是偷来的真品而后将它们出售。当然，有六幅赝品这一事实是机密的。六个买家并不知道其他的赝品(的存在)。此外，德瓦尔菲勒诺不需要向佩鲁贾付钱

24、。两年之后，佩鲁贾厌烦了等待爱德华多德瓦尔菲勒诺付款给他，他试图出售这幅画。当真正的蒙娜丽莎出现在佛罗伦萨时，德瓦尔菲勒诺只是简单地告诉他的买家那只是个复制品。故事的结局是佩鲁贾因其罪行而入狱。德瓦尔菲勒诺却始终逍遥法外。但是仍有一个谜团。莱奥纳多达芬奇的有天赋的学生们画了许多足可以乱真的蒙娜丽莎的复制品。卢浮宫的那幅画是不是真品甚至在被盗之前的那幅画是不是真品是该画作的一大魅力所在。如果佩鲁贾偷的只是个复制品那么蒙娜丽莎的真品又在何人手上呢？印刷术印刷术是用活字符或者字母制作一份文档的多份副本的过程。在中国，印刷术早在7世纪的唐朝就已经为人所知；在欧洲，它是文艺复兴时期的一个重要部分。印刷满

25、足了人们对知识的渴望。在印刷术发明之前，一份手稿的副本必须由手工来完成，通常是写在动物的皮上。这是一项艰难的工作，可能要花费很多年，而且这也使制作书籍的费用变得非常昂贵。印刷使这一点成为可能：在数周之内印刷出来的书比一个人一辈子手工抄写的书还要多。人们认为是一个名叫约翰古登堡的德国人制作了欧洲第一台印刷机。他把农民用来从橄榄中榨油的机器改装成印刷机。印刷机使用的是更适合用来印刷的纸(而且更加便宜)而不是使用动物的皮。和印刷术一样，纸张在中国发明得比较早，它经由东南亚再到印度，然后传到欧洲。到公元10世纪的时候，巴格达已经开始造纸了。欧洲第一家造纸厂建于12世纪末。古登堡制作的第一本书是圣经。但

26、随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典大部分已经被忽视长达两千年了。人们也想要有他们自己语言的书籍。印刷术的发明意味着这个愿望可以被满足了。很快整个北欧都有了印刷机。1476年，威廉卡克斯顿在伦敦开办了他自己的印刷厂，英格兰开始成为印刷工业最重要的中心之一。印刷书籍的传播，重新唤起人们对艺术表达的激情。假如没有印刷机的发展，也许根本不会出现文艺复兴；假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员约翰莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。古登堡对西方文明的贡献是不可估量的。课文理解Step Fast readi

27、ngChoose the best answers according to the passage on P25.1The word “drawback” in Paragraph 5 means “_”AdisadvantageBmistakeCdisappointment Dadvice答案：A2The word “confidential” in Paragraph 5 means “_”Asecret BunnecessaryCamusing Dillegal答案：A3De Valfierno wanted everyone to hear about the news of the

28、 burglar _.Ato tell the buyers the real Mona Lisa was just a copyBto make six copiesCto avoid paying PerugiaDto convince each buyer he had the authentic painting and not a copy答案：D4The six buyers didnt know about the other paintings because _.Athey hadnt heard the newsBthey might have guessed that t

29、heir painting was a copyCde Valfierno had told them their copy was the authentic paintingDPerugia had waited so long before trying to sell the painting答案：C5The main idea of the passage is that _.Athe Mona Lisa was stolen so that someone could make six copies and sell them to collectorsBPerugia stole

30、 the Mona Lisa on behalf of his boss, who simply made copies but didnt pay him for stealing the paintingCthe Mona Lisa was stolen, copies made, and no one now knows if the painting which was returned is authenticDthe Mona Lisa in the Louvre Museum today is a copy and not the authentic painting答案：CSt

31、ep Careful reading.Judge the following statements True or False according to the passage on P25.1The burglar took the antique frame and the glass away.(F)2It was a policeman who saw a man, carrying a parcel under his arm, flee down a sideroad.(F)3Vincenzo Perugia sold the Mona Lisa to an art dealer.

32、(F)4De Valfierno made use of the news of the theft and sold six substitutes of the Mona Lisa carefully.(T)5The police reckoned the theft of the Mona Lisa was planned by only one man.(F).Match each paragraph with its main idea according to the passage on Page 27.Para. 1APrinting made it possible to p

33、roduce more copies in less time.Para. 2 BPrinting answered a need of people who were thirsty for knowledge.Para. 3 CThe spread of printing greatly influenced the European culture.Para. 4 DPrinting could satisfy the desire for all kinds of books.Para. 5 EJohann Gutenberg made the first printing press

34、 in Europe.答案：Para.1Para.5BAEDC remain v. 仍然是，保持不变 vi. 留下；剩余，遗留，继续存在；仍需去做(或说、处理)(教材P25)The Mona Lisa is the subject of many stories, but there is one anecdote which remains a puzzle.蒙娜丽莎是很多故事的主题，但是有一个轶闻仍然是个谜。归纳拓展(1)remain to be done尚待，有待There remain/remains. 还有It remains to be seen whether. 还不确定(It为

35、形式主语)(2)remains n. 剩余物，残留物；遗迹，遗址remaining adj. 仍需做的；剩下的经典例句Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪儿了仍然是个谜。Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest.无论你取得了多么大的进步，你都应保持谦虚。She remained standing though we repeatedly asked her to sit down.虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，她还是站着。Its already midnight. Mu

36、ch work remains undone.已经是午夜时分了，仍有大量的工作未做完。He will have to remain in hospital for at least 10 days.他至少得在医院里待10天。Very little of the house remained after the fire.火灾之后，这座房子所剩无几。Much remains to be done with the matter.此事还有很多尚待解决之处。It remains to be seen whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals.

37、吉姆是否适合打决赛还有待观望。There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.关于那项工程的实用价值，人们还是心存某种疑虑。易混辨析remaining/leftremainingremaining意为“剩下的；仍需做的”，用作前置定语。How will you deal with the remaining $500? 你将怎么处理那剩下的500美元？leftleft意为“剩余的”，用作后置定语。There are only $500 left.只剩下500美元了。即

38、学即练单句语法填空Ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated (seat) until the bus has come to a complete stop.They found some remains (remain) of the Tang dynasty.It remains to_be_seen (see) whether he can pass the English test.Determined to give up smoking, he threw away all the remaining (remain) cigarette

39、s.(教材P25)Were appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us.我们正呼吁任何看到嫌疑犯的人联系我们。归纳拓展appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/请求某人做某事appeal to sb.for sth. 呼吁/请求某人某事appeal for sth. 呼吁某事；请求给予某物appeal to sb. 吸引某人make an appeal to sb.for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求make an appeal to do sth. 恳求/呼吁做某事经典例句The design has to ap

40、peal to all ages and social groups.设计要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁每个人节约用水。They appealed to us to support, but their plan didnt appeal to us.他们恳求我们的支持，但他们的计划对我们没有吸引力。We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.为建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。即学即练单句语法填空We a

41、re all appealed to_protect (protect) the environment.3 (教材P25)Were appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us.我们正呼吁任何看到嫌疑犯的人联系我们。归纳拓展suspect (that).怀疑(尤指坏事可能属实或发生)suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做了)某事suspect sth./sb.to be 怀疑某物/某人经典例句Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.指纹将嫌疑犯和犯罪行为

42、联系起来了。No one knows how the suspect managed to get away from the police station.没有人知道犯罪嫌疑人是如何逃离警察局的。Never employ the man you suspect, nor suspect the man you employ.谚语疑人不用，用人不疑。The police suspected that Bill had stolen the necklace.警察怀疑比尔偷了项链。We all suspected the bad boy of having stolen the bike.我们都

43、怀疑这个坏男孩偷了自行车。I suspect him to be the pickpocket.I suspect that he is the pickpocket.我怀疑他就是那个扒手。即学即练(1)完成句子据报道，涉嫌谋杀的那个男子上周被捕了。The man who_was_suspected_of committing murder is reported to have been arrested last week.我怀疑她说的话是谎言。I suspect what she said to_be_a_lie/was_a_lie.(2)单句语法填空The man was suspec

44、ted of having stolen the jewels from the shop.解析：suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做了某事，此处用的是其被动语态。Suspected (suspect) of carrying drugs, the traveler was stopped by the customs officer.解析：suspect与the traveler之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。4 (教材P25)Were seeking a gang of criminals.我们正在找一个犯罪团伙。归纳拓展seek ones fortune

45、寻求(找)致富/成功之路seek out 找出，搜出；挑出seek for 寻求，寻找seek to do sth. 试图做某事经典例句Our purpose was to seek friendship and cooperation.我们的目的是寻求友谊和合作。They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。He decided to leave his village to seek his fortune.他决定离开村子去寻找致富之路。即学即练单句语法填空I managed to seek for chances

46、 to improve my skills.5 (教材P25)The outcome of the story is that Perugia got the blame for the crime and went to prison.故事的结局是佩鲁贾因其罪行而入狱。归纳拓展take/bear the blame for sth.承担某事的责任lay/put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人blame sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事责备某人be blamed for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而受到责备blame sth.

47、on sb./sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事be to blame (for) (因)应受责备；(对)负有责任(不定式用主动形式表示被动意义)经典例句We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我们准备对所发生的事承担责任。He put/laid the blame for his failure in the exam on his teacher.他把自己考试失利归咎于他的老师。Bad workmen often blame their tools.拙匠常怪工具差。Mary blamed the mistake on Jac

48、k.玛丽把这个错误归咎于杰克。The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident.这个粗心的司机该对这起交通事故负责。语境串记He was blamed for the accident, but he blamed it on others. In fact, it is he, not others, that is to blame for it.他因这起事故受到了责备，但他把它归咎于别人。事实上，是他，而不是别人，该为此承担责任。名师点津对blame的考查通常从以下几个角度设题：(1)to blame作表语和定语时要用主动形

49、式表示被动意义；(2)be blamed for常与非谓语动词作状语结合起来进行考查，此时blame与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；(3)blame后的介词既可以用on，也可以用for, on表示责怪的对象，for表示责怪的起因。即学即练(1)单句语法填空Do you know who left the computer on all night long?It seems that Tom is to_blame (blame). He played computer games last night.解析：不定式在此用主动形式表示被动意义。Blamed (blame) for the acci

50、dent, the driver couldnt get away with it.解析：blame与the driver之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词短语作状语。Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame (blame)解析：blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人；be to blame for应受责备。(2)完成句子警方认为，不止一人应对这次的大火负有责任。The police believe that more than one person is

51、_to_blame_for_the_big_fire.你没有做错什么。我不应该把失败归咎于你。You didnt do anything wrong. I cant put_the_blame_for_failure_on_you. inspire vt. 鼓舞，激励；启发思考，赋予灵感；使产生(感觉或情感(教材P27)Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in r

52、ural England in the mid1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession.假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员约翰莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。归纳拓展(1)inspire sb.(to sth.)鼓励某人()inspire sb.to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事be inspired by 受鼓舞inspire sb.with sth.inspire sth.in sb.使某人产生感觉/情感(2)相关词语积累

53、：inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的inspired adj. 品质优秀的，借助于灵感创作的inspiration n. U灵感；C启发灵感的人(或事物)经典例句His success inspired the rest of us to greater efforts.他的成功激发我们其他人更加努力。By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。The beautiful scenery inspi

54、red the composer.美丽的景色给了作曲家灵感。The father inspired his son with confidence.The father inspired confidence in his son.那位父亲使儿子产生了自信。语境串记I was inspired by his inspiring remarks, which brought me creative inspiration.我被他鼓舞人心的话所激励，这些话带给了我创作灵感。即学即练单句语法填空All of the students were inspired by the inspiring sp

55、eech given by the headmaster. (inspire)The Malvern Hills have provided inspiration (inspire) for many artists and musicians over the decades.Clearly and thoughtfully written, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.His speech was so inspiring (inspire) that his st

56、udents were inspired to_work (work) harder than ever before.1 (教材P25)The burglar left the antique frame and the glass behind.窃贼把古董架和玻璃框留下了。归纳拓展leave 构成的其他短语：leave out遗漏，省略；不包括，不提及leave aside 搁置一边，不予考虑leave alone 不理会，不打扰，让独自待着经典例句I left my family behind when I went to work in Indonesia.我到印度尼西亚工作时，把家人

57、留在了家里。I think I left my credit card behind at the restaurant.我想我把信用卡落在餐馆里了。Dont leave any of your belongings behind.别忘了带上自己的随身物品。即学即练单句语法填空Busy talking with my old friend, I left my newly bought dictionary behind on the bus.It worries teachers and parents that some students are addicted to computer

58、games and leave their study aside.He is in a bad mood right now. Wed better leave him alone.The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.2 (教材P25)Perugia had stolen the Mona Lisa on behalf of the chief organiser of the crime, Eduar

59、do de Valfierno.佩鲁贾是受此次犯罪活动的主要组织者爱德华多德瓦尔菲勒诺的指使偷窃蒙娜丽莎的。归纳拓展on behalf of和represent都可以表示“代表”，前者是介词短语，后者是动词。经典例句On behalf of my company I would like to thank you all.我谨代表我的公司向你们所有人表示感谢。Im very glad to put on a performance here on behalf of our school.我很高兴代表我们学校在这儿演出。The president cant be here today, so

60、Im going to speak on behalf of him.总裁今天不能来，所以我将代表他发言。即学即练(1)完成句子我代表在座的每个人祝愿您归国途中一切顺利。On_behalf_of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey when you go back to your country.(2)选择填空：on behalf of/representMr King was chosen to represent the company at the conference.On_behalf_of my family, I wish y

61、ou a very happy Spring Festival.3 (教材P25)After two years, Perugia got tired of waiting to be paid, and tried to sell the painting.两年之后，佩鲁贾厌烦了等待爱德华多德瓦尔菲勒诺付款给他，他试图出售这幅画。归纳拓展(1)get tired of中的get可用be或feel替换，该短语相当于be no longer interested in。后接名词、代词或v.ing。(2)相关词语积累：tiring adj. 令人困倦的，使人疲劳的(用来说明事物的性质)tired

62、adj. 困倦的，疲劳的；厌烦的(用来说明人的感受)be/get/feel tired out (相当于be worn out)(身体上)筋疲力尽的be/get tired from 因而疲倦be tired ofbe fed up withbe sick of 对厌烦(强调状态)经典例句Many people get tired of the city life now.现在很多人都厌倦了城市生活。His mother gets tired of living abroad.他的妈妈厌倦了住在国外。语境串记You may be tired from reading when you are

63、tired out, but you should not be tired of it.当你筋疲力尽的时候，看书可能使你疲劳，但你不应该对看书感到厌烦。即学即练(1)单句语法填空Singapore is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If youre not welltraveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers (障碍), Singapore is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eas

64、tern and Western languages at the same time.You must be tired from that long walk, so lets take a break.If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.He always ends the day in the office by going through his email even though he has a very tiring (tire) day.(2)完成句

65、子我厌烦了待在家里，我们出去走走吧。I am tired_of/sick_of/fed_up_with staying at home. Lets go out for a walk.4 (教材P25)When the real Mona Lisa turned up in Florence, de Valfierno simply told his buyers that it was merely a copy.当真正的蒙娜丽莎出现在佛罗伦萨时，德瓦尔菲勒诺只是简单地告诉他的买家那只是个复制品。归纳拓展(1)(尤指失去后偶然)被发现，被找到。不用于被动语态。(2)开大，调高(音量等)，为及

66、物动词短语。名词作其宾语时可放在up后，也可放在turn和up之间，但代词作宾语时只能放在turn和up之间。(3)到达，露面，来到，出现。为不及物动词短语。(4)turn构成的其他短语：turn into变成turn around (使)翻身，转身turn out 出席；结果是，证明是turn back 往回走，(使)原路返回turn over 翻转；深思熟虑；移交turn down 关小，把调低；拒绝turn to 向求助(或寻求指教等)turn in 上交；退还turn on 接通(电流、水等)；打开turn off 关掉经典例句Dont worry. Im sure the lette

67、r will turn up.别担心，我相信那封信会找到的。I cant hear clearly. Would you please turn the radio up?我听不太清楚。请把收音机的音量开大点儿好吗？I waited for an hour but he didnt turn up.我等了一个小时但他没有露面。即学即练单句语法填空When the sports hero turned up at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.解析：句意：当那位体育英雄出现在我们的聚会上时，我们张开双臂欢迎他。Dont look down u

68、pon the little creature. In a few weeks, it will turn into a butterfly.解析：句意：不要小看这个小生物。几周后，它会变成一只蝴蝶。Now I am leaving home for college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.解析：句意：现在我要离开家去上大学了。我终于要独立了，但是无论何时我需要帮助，我还是想向我的父母求助。Dont worry. Im s

69、ure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.解析：句意：别担心。我确定你丢失的眼镜迟早会找到的。Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.解析：句意：上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。I turned around and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.解析：句

70、意：我转过身，看见一个面带灿烂笑容的友善的女人挥着手祝我旅途安全。5 (教材P27).so did the demand for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2,000 years.人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典大部分已经被忽视达两千年了。归纳拓展(1)直到，不多于，不迟于；相当于till或until。常见搭配：up to now直到现在up to then 直到那时(2)(体力或智力上)能胜任(3)是(某人)的责任，由(某人)决定。常见搭配：Its up to

71、 sb.to do sth. 由某人决定做某事Its up to sb.whether. 是否由某人决定Its up to you. (交际用语)由你决定。经典例句The National Stadium holds up to 91,000 spectators.国家体育场可容纳多达91 000名观众。The temperature went up to 35 .气温上升到了35摄氏度。Up to now hes been very quiet.到目前为止，他一直很安静。She continued to care for her father up to the time of his re

72、covery.她一直照顾父亲直到他痊愈。I dont feel up to going to work today.我觉得不舒服，今天不能去上班。Im not up to using this machine without your help.没有你的帮助我就用不了这台机器。You can pay weekly or monthlyits up to you.你可以每周或每月付一次款，你自己决定。即学即练(1)判断下列句子中up to的含义Its up to you whether we accept the present or not.由决定Humans produce more tha

73、n 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.达到(某数量、程度等)，至多有Hes up to the role of Othello in the play.(体力或智力上)能胜任Up to now, he has visited five European countries, including England and France.直到(2)单句语法填空Up

74、to now no conclusion has_been_reached (reach) about who the first prize should go to.It is up to you to_decide (decide) whether to go shopping or not.6 (教材P27)Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in rur

75、al England in the mid1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession.假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员约翰莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。归纳拓展take up是一个常用词组，意思很丰富。常见含义有：(1)开始从事；学着做(2)拿起(3)接受(建议或能得到的东西)(4)继续，接着讲(5)占用(时间)，占据(空间)经典例句I have taken up teaching since I graduated from

76、 university.我大学毕业后开始从事教学工作。He takes up a pen and writes down his name.他拿起钢笔写下自己的名字。In order to get the job, I have to take up his suggestion.为了得到这份工作，我只好接受他的建议。She took up the story where Tom had left off.她接着讲汤姆未讲完的故事。Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.写那篇论文占用了周末的大部分时间。语境串记Since Jack took

77、 up the work as an editor, he has taken up the new job, which takes up most of his spare time. Though his wife has always complained about it, he still takes up the work.自从杰克接受了那份做编辑的工作以来，他就学着做这份新工作，这占用了他的大部分业余时间。尽管他的妻子一直对此抱怨，但他仍然继续他的工作。即学即练判断下列句子中take up的含义Important people dont often have much free

78、 time as their work take up all their time.占用(时间)After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside.开始从事She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.拿起Although I had said many times, he didnt take up my advice.接受(教材P27)Printing made it po

79、ssible to produce more copies in a few weeks than could have been produced in a lifetime written out by hand.印刷使这一点成为可能：在数周之内印刷出来的书比一个人一辈子手工抄写的书还要多。归纳拓展本句的结构分析如下：“makeitadj.(for sb./sth.) to do sth.”结构中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth., it后面的形容词作宾语补足语，for用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。经典例句The fact that she was a forei

80、gner made it difficult for her to get a job in that country.她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外新的环境。名师点津(1)能用于上述结构的动词还有think, find, believe, feel, consider。(2)在上述结构中it后面的宾语补足语除了用形容词之

81、外，还可用名词(词组)。(3)真正的宾语除了用to do sth.之外，还可用that引导的从句。I feel it our responsibility to protect the environment.我觉得保护环境是我们的责任。I have made it a rule to keep a diary every night.每晚写日记已经变成了我的一种习惯。He made it clear that he wanted me to stay for another week.他清楚地表示他想让我再待一周。(4)“makeitadj./n.(for sb./sth.) to do s

82、th.”结构在高考中常考查it作形式宾语的用法及宾补后面的非谓语动词的形式。注意：在英语中形式主语和形式宾语只有it可以充当，其他词没有此用法。即学即练单句语法填空Cellphones are now widely used, making it possible that we can talk to anyone in any place.解析：本题考查“makeitadj.从句”结构。由于从句意义和结构完整，故此处用that。No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.解析：本题考

83、查“makeitn.to do sth.”结构。此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to go for a walk before breakfast。All the paintings at the exhibition are in an abstract style that ordinary people find it difficult to_understand (understand)解析：本题考查“finditadj.to do sth.”结构。(教材P27)But as the ideas of the Renaissance developed, so did the de

84、mand for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2,000 years.但随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典大部分已经被忽视长达两千年了。归纳拓展(1)“so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语”表示前面所讲的肯定情况也适合于后者，前后两个主语不一致，即“(的情况)也是如此”。(2)“so主语助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示对前面提到的事情予以肯定，意为“某人/事的确是这样”，前后主语一致。(3)若前面含有两种以上，如既有实义动词又有情态动词，或既有

85、肯定又有否定或两个以上的主语时，则用It is the same with.或So it is with.句型。(4)“nor/neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语”句型是一个倒装句，意为“也不”，用于否定陈述句之后，说明后者的情况与前者相同。经典例句I love pop music, and so does my younger brother.我喜欢流行音乐，我弟弟也喜欢。Alice is a student and works hard.So it is with Tom./It is the same with Tom.艾丽丝是个学生并且学习努力。汤姆也一样。He never

86、went again, and neither did he write letters.他再也没去过，也没有写信。即学即练完成句子Tom studies very hard and is never late for school. So_it_is/It_is_the_same (也是如此) with Dick.单词拼写1Dont get him to lend you any money any more, because he himself is in debt (债务)2While watching out for the tall man in a black hat, he f

87、ound another suspect (嫌疑人)3They are seeking (寻找) the most balanced diet which will do good to their health.4Rice is the chief (主要的) crop in most southern provinces of China.5A lot of companies are making fundamental (根本的) changes in their structure to adapt to the quickly changing society.6The docto

88、r advised her to eat more bean products as a substitute (替代品) for meat which might be harmful to her heart disease.7That machine has a movable (可移动的) arm for picking up objects.单句语法填空1Nowadays, a number of people move to the countryside to get away from the pollution of the city.2Volunteering helps

89、people feel they do have the ability to change things for the better. When people depend on/upon you, it can change the way you look at yourself, and this is the main reason that makes volunteering attractive.3Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent for use at the table.4He reminded me to_turn (turn) off the lights when I went out.5Have you decided when to leave for Shanghai?Yes, we are leaving on Friday.