2020版新高考英语二轮冲刺复习方案文档：第一编 二阅读七选五 第1讲 WORD版含解析.doc

1、 二、阅读七选五语篇出处：原创语篇类型：说明文主题语境：学习生活If you want to improve your writing speed, there are several steps that you can take to improve your efficiency and get assignments done faster.Set realistic goals and deadlines for yourself. If you are newer at writing or arent used to writing on a deadline, theres a

2、 good possibility youll be slower at writing than someone with more experience. _1_Use a timer to help meet your goals. _2_ Set a timer to the goal that you set for yourself earlier and try to meet your goal within the limited time. If you dont have a stopwatch or timer, there are apps that were cre

3、ated specifically for that purpose. Determine the time of day that youre most productive. Perhaps you write faster and more efficiently in the morning. _3_ Try writing in both settings and determine which time feels better for you. Then, try to get as much writing done as you can during the times of

4、 day when youre most productive. Write an outline for your assignment. Read the prompt or assignment so you know what you have to write. Perform research and plot out the main points in your essay, paper, or story in an outline form. _4_ Then write 23 sentences, or subpoints, within those main point

5、s. _5_ Distractions like surfing the web, TV, or open chat programs can slow your efficiency and writing speed. Find a quiet space where you can write and wont be distracted by the things going on around you.A.Or you may excel at night.B.Using a timer can help a lot.C.How can you fight your distract

6、ions？D.Minimize the distractions around you.E.Determine what you want to include in your writing first.F.Set goals that make sense for you and are within your ability.G.To improve your writing speed, youll need a way to measure if youre improving.细读5个空，确定选项特征，标出关键词句。词语复现、逻辑关系、代词线索、相同句型等。题1：根据词语复现解题本

7、段主题句中关键词“Set realistic goals”，空格处是本段总结句，进一步阐明要设立什么样的目标。题2：根据逻辑关系解题本段主题句中关键词是“Use a timer”，下一句又给出了进一步解释，说明空格处应该提到这样做的必要性。题3：根据空格前后句的关系解题利用上文提到的“efficiently in the morning”，结合下文的“in both settings”可知，此处应提出晚上的情形。题4：根据逻辑关系解题本段主题句中关键词是“Write an outline”。空格后有表示先后关系的标志词“Then”，观察选项中是否含有“first”，再判断上下文语境是否呼应。题

8、5：考查段落主题句观察文章结构，此处为主题句，应该用祈使句。下文关键词是distractions，内容是分心会降低写作速度和效率，要找一个安静的地方，以免被打扰。研读多余的两个选项，确定排除理由。B项“Using a timer can help a lot.”是题2的干扰项。虽然看似紧密衔接，但是与上下文内容重复。C项“How can you fight your distractions？”是题5的干扰项。关键词distractions与下文内容对应。但是观察篇章结构，段首句都是以祈使句的形式呈现。代入答案(15：FGAED)，重读选项，核对答案是否合理。第1讲3种考法寻特点考法1设空在段

9、首典例片段1(2019福建龙岩模考，片段)语篇类型：事理阐明类说明文主题语境：个人信息安全 How can we keep safe personal information on our computers or cellphones? Here_are_some_steps_to_make_it.View emails with a careful eyeIts best to view all emails with care. . Use twofactor authentication (双重认证)Twofactor authentication adds a second leve

10、l of security to an account. . Update apps and operating systems ., so its a good idea to upgrade them._1_Its no surprise that changing your password has always been a basic form of protection. But what we pick as passwords and how we manage them are important. First, passwords should never include

11、your personal information. So stay away from names and birthdays. Ideally, passwords are a combination of lowercase (小写) and uppercase (大写) letters and random characters. It could be a strong, long password that doesnt have any personal information, making it harder to remember.A.Manage passwords se

12、curityB.Here are some steps to make it.C.Often users are unwilling to update their mobile devices.D.Combine your personal information with random figuresE.It can trick readers into clicking on dangerous links.F.Here are some ways to create your online personal passwords.G.Do it if theres an option f

13、or your email, banking site or social media site.典例片段2(2018全国卷，片段)语篇类型：现象类说明文主题语境：日常生活 . _1_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorf

14、ul sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. . AWhile all of them are useful BWhatever youre looking for CIf youre experimenting with a color DSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar with EIts not really a good idea to use too many smal

15、l color pieces FSo it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time GColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways典例片段3(2019河北衡水模考，片段)语篇类型：建议类说明文主题语境：家庭生活Moving from one home to another is considered one of the most stressful things people do in t

16、heir lives. When your move is across the country rather than across town, the stress is increased sharply! _1_ Whether you hire movers, do it yourself or something in between, here are some moving tips that will help you save money. . A.Hire a cheap moving company.BYou should pay for extra packing m

17、aterials.CSo, the cheaper way is to move your possessions you really need.DAvoid moving during holidays, weekends or at the very end of the month.EDoing the packing yourself avoids packing material prices and the hourly rate.FLongdistance moving contains careful planning on your part and on the part

18、 of the movers.GIts a combination of several moving tips that will save you hundreds of dollars.观察题干：其他小标题都是“动词名词”构成的祈使句，没有标点符号。只剩下A、D两项。寻关键词：下面一段中的关键词是passwords。对比选项：A项中有关键词passwords。代入核查：A项符合语境。选A。观察结构：空格在段首，应该是本段的主题句。寻关键词：本段关键词语是“little spots of color”，“small color choices”。对比选项：选项D中“Small color

19、choices”与本段关键词语呼应。代入答案：该段讲的是颜色与房间布置。选D。文章结构：总(搬家有压力)分(提出搬家建议)结构。上文内容：上一段提到搬家时会有压力。下文启示：下面一句为无论雇人搬家、自己搬家都要遵循以下建议。关键词是“movers”“do it yourself”。无缝对接：判断此处是过渡句。提出各种情况下搬家都要作出规划。movers属同词复现，on your part对应设空后“do it yourself”。选F。考法2设空在段中典例片段4(2019全国卷，片段)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：动机与兴趣 . Another way of setting realistic g

20、oals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. _1_ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. . AThis can affect your work.BSo how should you motivate you

21、rself?CHowever, this should not discourage you.DSo why should we try to set specific goals?EThey can change according to circumstances.FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job.GWithout motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.典例片段5(2019衡水中学模考，片段)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：社会生活Parents often sa

22、y that they dont mind what their children do in life just as long as they are happy. Happiness and pleasure are almost universally seen as among the most precious human goods. (However,_disagreements_will_be_caused_about_whether_some_forms_of_pleasure_are_better_than_others.)Philosopher Jeremy Benth

23、am believed that all sources of pleasure are of equal quality. His protg (门生) John Stuart Mill disagreed. Mill argued for a distinction between higher and lower pleasure. _1_ Lower pleasure, in contrast, requires mere senses. . AThe dining table is a good place to start.BWolfing down your food is a

24、lower kind of pleasure.CWhats the real difference between high and low pleasure?DWhat happens if the physical and the mental cannot be separated?EAll philosophers believed that cookery could never be a form of art.FHigher pleasure depends on human abilities such as selfawareness or language use.GHow

25、ever, disagreements will be caused about whether some forms of pleasure are better than others.典例片段6(2019河南六市模考，片段)语篇类型：事理性说明文主题语境：人际关系 Having roommates can not only save us some money, but also give us valuable companionship. However, remember that finding the right roommates for you is the most im

26、portant thing, other than safety concerns. _1_， definitely do not lie about your preferences, schedule, or habits, even if talking about them could make you uncomfortable. On the other side, also remember to ask your potential roommates to tell you about themselves in detail. . AIf you are a party a

27、nimalBWhile looking for roommatesCGet along well with your roommatesDWhen having a chat with your roommateEFirst, you can ask your friends who are already living off campusFHowever, be really careful if you get in touch with strangers through the InternetGNonetheless, renting an apartment can give y

28、ou some handson experience with living阅读上文：空格前句关键词是“goals”和“flexible”。找关键词：分别与关键词goals和flexible相对应的“They”和“change”在E项中出现。比较分析：再由下文“They also need to be measurable.”判断选E。读上下文：空格前后关键词是“higher and lower pleasure”和“Lower pleasure”。找关键词：关键词“Higher pleasure”在F项中出现；“high and low pleasure”在C项中出现。比较分析：再由表示并列

29、转折的标志词语“in contrast”，判断选F。研读上句：找到合适的室友很重要。下句内容：对个人爱好、计划、习惯等不要对室友撒谎。结构判断：空格后句子完整，是主句。该空应该起到承上启下的作用。分析判断：主句没有连词，判定此处应该是带有连词的从句或者非谓语结构。锁定答案：此处应该是指在找室友时该怎么做。选B。考法3设空在段尾典例片段7(2019北京海淀模考，片段)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：学校生活Has this ever happened to you? Youve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into yo

30、ur exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. _1_Everyone feels stressed during exams. . AThe first thing you should do is to be prepared.BPeople often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.CIf these classic signs of exam anxiety sound

31、 familiar, youre not alone!DTherefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.ERealizing time is almost up and that theres still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.FHowever, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.G

32、After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.典例片段8(2019山东省济南外国语学校月考，片段)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：社会生活How to Make Quick Decisions For Your Life . Write down all the advantages and disadvantages of your decision. Even if you dont have all the information, writin

33、g down all the pros and cons (优缺点) is a good starting point for figuring out what to do. In cases where there simply isnt enough time to write things down, make a mental list in your mind. Thinking of the pros and cons can help you organize your thoughts. _19_ . AHave a plan.BThe list may be short o

34、r quite long.CCommunicate your decision with others.DAnd this can always lead to a clear answer.ESo cut out any options that you know you will not choose.FOften, one thing that keeps us from making decisions is fear.GSome can be very important while others are not serious in the long run.典例片段9(2019山

35、东省青岛市高三质检，片段)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：生物科学The millipede (千足虫)Forestlife . We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year. But what about smaller animals that are more difficult to see or film?

36、 . More on the menuThe millipede also likes leaves and it eats any type. But when it has finished, it produces waste. This waste then becomes the food of mushrooms. When mushrooms eat leaves they choose only certain typesBut when they eat waste, they will eat any kind. _20_A.This is where the millip

37、ede can help.BHowever, not all leaves are equally rich.CMillipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.DForests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.EAs they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.FMany small animals that live in forests are ver

38、y important for the soil.GThis is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.上句内容：考试紧张，看到试题时大脑一片空白。下段开头：每一个人考试前都会紧张。前后启示：考试紧张，不仅仅是你一个人遇到的情况。锁定答案：C项“If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, youre not alone！”起着承上启下的作用，故选C。设空在段尾，设空前一句“Thinking of the

39、pros and cons can help you organize your thoughts.”指出思考优缺点的好处，推断接下来会继续阐明这样做的好处，因而与上文是并列或递进的关系，D项(这总是引导我们找出清晰的答案)符合对内容的推断，this指代上文中的“Thinking of the pros and cons”， and体现了所说的逻辑关系。句式结构上，前一句的“can help”与D项中的“this can always lead to”相似。选D。 短文主要介绍了千足虫在森林中可以分解树叶，对生物的食物起着积极的作用，对土壤非常的重要。设空在段落结尾处，应是对本段内容的总体概括，研读本段上文内容，谙熟段落大意，由上文可知，千足虫也喜欢树叶，它吃任何一种叶子。但当它吃完时，它会产生废物。这些废物就变成了蘑菇的食物。当蘑菇吃叶子时，它们只选择特定的种类但当它们吃废物时，它们会吃任何种类的废物。这说明了“千足虫如何把枯叶变成其他生物的食物”。所以设空处要总结性地对此加以说明。锁定结论句为G项。