湖南省长沙市明德中学译林牛津版高中英语课件：M5U1 动词不定式.ppt

1、Unit 1 Module 5Grammar and usageTo-infinitiveKey points:1.Different forms of to infinitive2.Functions of to infinitive3.Bare infinitiveUse the correct forms of to infinitive to complete the following sentences:1.Im glad _(see)you.2.My uncle asked me _(see)him this summer.3.He is said _(write)a novel

2、 about the Long March last year.4.They seemed _(talk)about you when I passed by.5.When mother came in,he pretended _(read).6.He is said _(live)in New York for 20 years.to seeto seeto have writtento be talkingto be readingto have been living7.These students want _(send)to work in our company.8.He is

3、said _(kill)already.9.Are you going to the meeting _(hold)this afternoon?10.The conference seems _(hold)when I went into the classroom.11.The book is said _(translate)into many languages.12.I want the letter _(type)at once.to be sentto have been killedto be heldto be being heldto have been translate

4、dto be typedConclusion 1不定式的形式1.一般式(to do)2.完成式(to have done)3.进行式(to be doing)4.完成进行式(to have been doing)不定式的被动形式1.to be done2.to have been done3.to be being done不定式的否定式：1.The teacher asked the students _(不要讲话)in class.2._(为了不迟到),he got up early.3.I pretended _(没有看见他).not to talkIn order not to be

5、late not to have seen himFunction of to infinitive1._(1)To help poor people is our duty.It is our duty to help poor people.(2)It is kind _(prep.)you to help me with my English.形容词能说明sb.的性格特征时，用of.e.g.nice,right,wrong,unwise,wise,foolish,stupid,clever,polite,rude,impolite,honest,selfish,silly,selfles

6、s,etc.作主语of(3)It is important _(prep.)you to master some skills.不能说明某人的品行的形容词用介词for.e.g.necessary,important,impossible,(un)likely,easy,hard,difficult,natural,unusual,common,etc.(4)It is an honor for me to have a chance to be invited to the party.It is+n.+for sb.to do sth.for2._(1)主语为不定式时，表语也要用不定式。e.

7、g.To see is to believe.(2)主语为aim,duty,hope,wish,idea,intention,plan,suggestion等名词或what引导的名词性从句时。e.g.Her wish is to become a pop singer.Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.What I did was(to)empty the bottle.All she seems to do is(to)have a chat with her.不定式作表语时，常带to,但主语部分含实义动词do时，且谓语是is/was,作

8、表语的不定式符号to可省略，也可不省略。作表语3.作宾语(1)直接跟在及物动词后(常用不定式作宾语的动词)afford,agree,decide,demand,expect,fail,forget,help,learn,manage,need,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,want,swear,wish,etc.3.作宾语(2)用it作形式宾语，把作真正宾语的不定式后置。find/think/believe/consider/imagine/feel/make+it+adj./n.+to doe.g.He found it eas

9、y to solve the problem.Our school makes it a rule to hold a meeting every Tuesday afternoon.4.作宾语补足语Words:tell,beg,ask,want,like,would love/like,expect,wish,hate,remind,intend,prefer,encourage,advise,get,force,persuade,order,warn,allow,permit,forbid.+sb.to doPhrases:wait for,call on,depend on,send f

10、or.+sb.to dotell,advise,show,teach+sb.+连接代词/连接副词+to do5._(1)Ive much _(deal)with.(2)Please lend me a pen _(write)with.(3)He has nothing _(eat).(4)The problem _(discuss)tomorrow is important.(5)He is always the first _(arrive)and the last _(leave).(6)Who will be the next Chinese _(walk)in space?作定语to

11、 dealto writeto eatto be discussedto arriveto leaveto walkpenwith6.作状语(目的,结果,原因,形容词的状语)(1)作目的状语e.g.To give the children a chance to study,Yao Ming built a school in the quake-hit area.e.g.She did all she could _ him.A.to save B.save C.saving D.saved表目的时，我们还可以用in order to,so as to.注意位置。翻译：他早起为了不错过早班车

12、。为了使他的报告更完美，他做了许多调查。(2)_e.g.Im eager to hear from him.Im pleased to meet you.Im disappointed to hear the news.sb.be+adj.(表心情状态的adj.happy,lucky,fortunate,pleased,glad,surprised,frightened,afraid,sorry,willing,eager,disappointed,anxious,ready)+to do.原因状语作形容词的状语：sb./sth.+be+adj.+to do(说明主语的特性，此时不定式多用主动

13、形式表示被动含义)e.g.The text is easy to understand.The chair is comfortable to sit on.The room is comfortable to live in.The man is hard to get on/along with.(4)作结果状语e.g.He hurried home,only _ his house on fire.A.found B.to find C.finding D.find (only/never)+to do表示出乎意料的结果e.g.He came late twice a week,_ hi

14、s boss angry.A.made B.to make C.making D.having made现在分词doing表示顺其自然的结果不定式作状语用在其他结构当中：The book is easy enough for me to read.The ice is thick enough to walk on.He is too young to go to school.独立成分/插入语：用来说明说话人的态度，对整个句子进行解释。固定结构：to tell(you)the truth to be sure to make things/matters worse to be frank/

15、honest to be exact翻译：说实话，我全都不记得了。坦率的说，我不同意你。表 语主 语宾 语不定式宾语补足语定 语状 语Conclusion 2Bare infinitive1.make,let,have+sb.+do see,watch,listen,hear,notice,observe+sb.+do would rather,had better,why not E.g.Let me _(hear)you _(play)the piano.The naughty boy made Mary_(cry)Mary was made_(cry)by the boy.I would

16、 rather _(go)swimming.You had better _(tidy)your bedroom.Why not _(visit)your cousin in Japan?hearplaycryto crygotidyvisit 2.当两个不定式由and,or,except,but,或rather than连接起来时,第二个不定式符号to省略。I want to go shopping and watch TV.I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.Do you want to go shopping or watch a fi

17、lm?We had nothing to do but watch TV.不定式的主动与被动1.There is a lot of work to do.(强调有人做）There is a lot of work to be done.（强调事情被做）2.I have some clothes to wash.(有to do 的执行者，用主动）David,do you have any clothes to be washed?3.主+be+adj.+to do 这时，（主语是to do 的逻辑宾语）He is easy _.4.The house is to let.（出租）Who is t

18、o blame for it?（该受责备）5.With so many problems_,he is having a hard time.to get along withto solve1.Last Sunday morning I set out early to call for Joan,only _ her seriously ill in bed.A.finding B.found C.to find D.find拓展应用2.-The housework is too much for me,Jack.-Sorry,but I cant help _ it,Joan,Ive g

19、ot something important to do,you know.A.do B.doing C.to be doing D.having done3.-What do you expect me to?-The house needs _.A.painted B.painting C.being painted D.to paint4.Though the little boy didnt admit,he was caught _ in the shop.A.to steal B.stealing C.steal D.stole5.When I returned,mother ha

20、ppened _ in the kitchen.A.to be cooking B.to cook C.to have cooked D.to be cooked6._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It7.The final examination is coming up soon.Its time for us to _ our studies.A.get down to B.get out C.get back for D.get

21、 overDA8.The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A.That B.it C.this D.himB9.Last summer I took a course on _.A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be madeA10.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.It what to do with B.what to do it with C.What to do with it D.to do what with itC