2022版新教材英语人教版选择性必修第三册基础训练：UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SECTION Ⅳ EXPANDING YOUR WORLD WORD版含解析.docx

1、课时评价作业基础达标练. 单句语法填空1.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently (frequent), compared to infrequent readers, have more books purchased.2.Your friend is forgetful and often forgets to submit (submit) assignments.3.I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitiv

2、e to water temperature.4.A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable (sustain) development in all countries.5.Only by doing this can our society become more harmonious (harmony) and safer!6.The government has agreed to lift restrictions (restrict) on press freedom. 同

3、义替换be starved of; contribute to; have an impact on; refer to; dozens of1.The report says design faults in both the vessels resulted in the tragedy. contributed to 2.Changes in technology have had an effect on the way we work. had an impact on 3.The department has been lacking substantial resources.

4、been starved of 4.I always consult a dictionary when I come upon a new word. refer to 5.On the opposite wall are hanging lots of pictures as well as two maps of China. dozens of . 完成句子1.毫无疑问, 这项政策对所有的商业部门来说都将是一个黄金机会。(There is no doubt that) There is no doubt that this policy will be a golden opportu

5、nity for all business sectors.2.他躺在床上, 脸上盖着一张报纸。(with 复合结构)He lay on the bed, with his face covered by a newspaper .3.各地的人们到市中心来了, 使得市中心非常拥挤。(非谓语动词作状语)People from all the corners came to the city center, making it very crowded .素养综合练. 阅读理解(2020广东茂名检测)A 23-year-old British woman has invented a produc

6、t. She hopes that it will one day take the place of single-use plastic. The new product is made from by-products of the fishing industry and other natural ingredients.Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final-year project at University of Sussex. She continued her research af

7、ter she left the university.On November 13, the James Dyson Foundation announced that Hughes was the international winner of the 2019 James Dyson Award.MarinaTex is edible, and to put it in another way, it can be eaten without danger. Hughes says it is also strong and stable. But unlike plastic, Mar

8、inaTex breaks down in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil.The inventor said she was concerned about the growing amounts of plastic in the oceans. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the worlds oceans by the year 2050. The United Nati

9、ons estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste have already been left in the oceans.Hughes was also investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry. “The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year,” UN officials say.Hughes told Reuter

10、s that she was trying to work out how she could use that waste stream and add value to that waste. Examining leftover fish parts from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment.To create a strong material, Hughes added the chitosan mol ecul

11、e, which comes from sea creatures like crabs, and agar, a substance from red algae.After months of testing, Hughes produced a strong, flexible sheet that format temperatures below 100C.Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is “stronger, safer and much more sustainable” than the plastic polyethyle

12、ne (聚乙烯). It is also easier to break down than other possible replacement products for polyethylene, the material that single-use plastic bags are made of.Hughes would receive about 41,000 in prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award. She told Reuters that she planned to use the

13、 money to better develop the product and work out a strategy for mass production.1.What does the underlined word “edible” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Useful.B.Eatable.C.Replaceable.D.Delicious.2.Whats true about MarinaTex?A.It is delicious.B.It is environmentally friendly.C.It is a type of plastic.D.It ex

14、ists for a long time in nature.3.What helped to give Hughes the idea for MarinaTex?A.Observing the process of fishing.B.Studying different parts of fish.C.Checking waste from the fishing industry.D.Examining leftover fish parts after cooking.4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A.E

15、ntertainment.B.Education.C.Lifestyle.D.Technology.答案：1.B 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道, 介绍了一名23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品。【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词后的“it can be eaten without danger”可知, edible的意思是“可食用的”。答案：2.B 解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“But unlike plastic, does not pollute the soil.”可知, 与塑料不同的是, MarinaTex在正常情况

16、下会在四到六周内分解, 不会污染土壤。由此可知, MarinaTex是环保的, 故选B。答案：3.C 解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第七段中的“Examining leftover fish partsdid not harm the environment.”可知, 检查加工过程中留下来的鱼的剩余部分帮助她产生了发明 MarinaTex的想法, 故选C。答案：4.D 解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】通读全文, 特别是根据第一段中的“A 23-year-old British woman has take the place of single-use pla

17、stic.”可知, 本文主要介绍了一名23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品, 这属于科技范畴, 因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的科技版块, 故选D。深度解析词汇积累1. by-product n.副产品 2. ingredient n.成分; 原料3. edible adj.适宜食用的 4. flexible adj.灵活的; 可弯曲的 5. strategy n.策略难句分析原句：Examining leftover fish parts from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was us

18、eful and did not harm the environment. 检查加工剩余的鱼肉成分帮助她想出一种有用且不会损害环境的材料。分析：此句为主从复合句。Examining leftover fish parts from processing为动名词作主语; that引导定语从句, 修饰先行词material。. 七选五Solutions to Climate ChangeThere are personal lifestyle changes that you can make and that, to some extent, can help reduce your carb

19、on impact. Not all are right for everybody. But applying just a few of them could make a difference.Move closer to work.Transportation is one of the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions. 1 One way to dramatically cut transportation fuel needs is to move closer to work, use mass transportation

20、, or switch to walking, cycling or some other modes of transport that do not require anything other than human energy.Consume less. 2 Whether by quitting an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack, cutting back on consumption results in fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract, produce and

21、 ship products around the globe. 3 A potentially simpler and even bigger effect can be produced by doing more with less. Citizens of many developed countries are energy-wasters, whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. Similarly, employing more effici

22、ent refrigerators, air conditioners and other appliances can cut electricity bills. 4 You can turn the lights or your computers off when you leave the office.Stop cutting down trees.When purchasing wood products, such as furniture or flooring, buy used goods or, failing that, wood proved officially

23、to have been sustainably harvested. The Amazon rainforest and other forests are more than the lung of the earth. 5 A.Be energy efficient.B.Use few electrical appliances.C.But it doesnt have to be that way.D.Such efforts can also be usefully employed at work.E.They may also be humans short-term hope

24、for limiting climate change.F.The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is simply to buy less stuff.G.Citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when theyre off than when theyre on.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案：1.C 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些我们在日常生活中可以采取的简单易行的环保措施。这些措施看似微小, 却能为应对气候变化贡

25、献力量。上一句提到交通运输是温室气体排放的主要来源之一。下一句提到减少交通燃料需求的一个方法是住得离工作地近一点。C项承上启下, 且C项中的that way指代上句内容。答案：2.F 解析：2.该空对应的小标题是减少消费, 同时又是本段首句。F项点明减少温室气体排放的最简单的方法是少购物, 符合本段的语境。答案：3.A 解析：3.该空是本段的小标题。本段主要建议我们有效利用能源, 尽可能减少对能源的浪费, 用更少的能源做更多的事。故用A项概括本段的主旨。答案：4.D 解析：4.上一句介绍了在生活中如何减少对能源的浪费, 该空后则介绍了在办公室里如何减少对能源的浪费。D项承上启下。答案：5.E

26、解析：5.上一句提到亚马孙雨林及其他森林不仅仅是地球的肺。E项中的They may also be与上一句中的are more than相对应, 符合语境, 故选E。. 读后续写1.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jack and his wife Tonya were sailing around Africa with their friends Max and Sasha. One day they saw a big fishing boat. It was moving fast.“Hello!” they shouted. The me

27、n on the boat looked at them angrily. Max looked carefully at the boat.“Something is wrong with their fishing net,” he said. They got nearer to the net.“Whats that?” said Tonya. “There is something in the net. Its alive.”Very slowly they moved nearer.“I can see it now,” said Tonya. “Its a killer wha

28、le-its hurt. Theres blood in the water. How can we help it?”“I can see it too. Its a baby but we must be careful,” said Max.Jack jumped into the water. “I can get the net off its fin (鳍),” he said.Jack got the net off the baby killer whale. There was a big cut on its fin. It swam away. Suddenly ther

29、e were other killer whales near the boat.“Jack!” shouted Tonya. “Get on quickly.” Jack swam to the boat as fast as a fish. “That baby killer whaleI am going to call it Lucky,” he said.As they moved away, it began to rain harder and harder.Jack said, “We must get away from the wind. I can see a town

30、over there. Lets go.”The town got nearer but the waves got bigger. Suddenly a very big wave hit the boat. “Is everyone OK?” shouted Jack.“Tonya? Shes not in the boat,” said Sasha. “Shes in the water!”They looked into the cold, dark water for hours. “Tonya! Say something, Tonya! Where areyou?” shoute

31、d Max.The wind got stronger and the boat was full of water. Another big wave hit the boat.“Jack, do you want us all to die?” said Max. “We cant do any more. Tonya is wearing a life jacket (救生衣) and she can swim very well. Lets sail to the town.”Moments later the boat hit a beach. They got off. Max a

32、nd Sasha slept on the beach. Jack sat near the water, looking at the sea and thinking about Tonya.注意：续写词数应为150左右。At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out in the sea. Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he saw something in the distance. 解析：解题思路体裁：记叙文时态：一般过去时原文核心内容解读：Jack和他的妻子Ton

33、ya以及另外两个朋友出海时救了一只小虎鲸。他们在海上碰到了大暴雨, Tonya不幸落水。因天气越来越糟糕, 为了保证其他成员的生命安全, 只能无奈靠岸。文章脉络When: one dayWhere: in the seaWho: Jack, Tonya, Max and SashaWhat: They rescued a baby killer whale. They were caught in a storm and Tonya got lost.写作思路根据续写部分第一段的开头语“At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out i

34、n the sea.”可推知, 当Tonya被困在海上时, 她很害怕而且在艰难地往岸边游着。之前他们救了一只小虎鲸, 因此, 第一段可以描写在Tonya感到无助时, 小虎鲸和它的妈妈来到她的身边救了她。根据续写部分第二段的开头语“Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he saw something in the distance.”可推知, 当Jack在沙滩上走着时, 他突然看到了Tonya, 因此第二段可以描写Jack看到妻子后十分开心及他们对小虎鲸的感谢。答案：One possible version:At that time, To

35、nya was five hundred meters away out in the sea. The waves were big and the wind was strong. Tonya was swimming with great difficulty when she heard something. Ten meters in front was a killer whale with a big fin. It was making noises. Behind it was another whale. “Killer whales eat people. Im goin

36、g to die,” thought Tonya. The killer whales came nearer and nearer. Tonya closed her eyes. The next moment she was on the back of a killer whale. It moved towards the beach.; Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he saw something in the distance. He walked nearer. It was a woman. “Tonya?” he

37、 ran and shouted. “Is that you?” cried Jack. “Oh, Tonya! Youre OK!” Jack hugged Tonya tightly. He couldnt speak! “Max and Sasha?” “OK,” answered Jack. “How lucky we are!” Tonya saw a small fin in the water. It moved slowly to the sea. “Its waving goodbye,” thought Tonya. “Lucky. Yes, Lucky,” she said quietly to Jack.