2022版新教材英语外研版选择性必修第三册基础训练：UNIT 2 A LIFE’S WORK SECTION Ⅳ EXPANDING YOUR WORLD WORD版含解析.docx

1、课时评价作业见学用作业本129页基础达标练. 语境填词1.One should keep in mind that scientific development usually comes about in somewhat regular fashion （时尚）.2.They may want to save money for a wedding trip to a faraway （遥远的） place or to buy a house.3.Stephen Hawkings achievements earned him the acclaim （赞美） of the entire

2、scientific community.4.Join the hottest hip-hop party, step into the spotlight （聚光灯） and show your moves.5.It is in Chinas vital interest to keep Hong Kong prosperous （繁荣的） and stable. 同义替换in fashion, approach to, keep up, think up, date back to, break away from, leave out, make light of1.The commun

3、ity, whose links with Syria go back to biblical（圣经） times, is mainly elderly people. date back to 2.The prisoner got rid of the two policemen who were holding him. broke away from 3.Do you think this paragraph can be deleted? left out 4.Julian has been coming up with new ways of raising money. think

4、ing up 5.The school has decided to adopt a different way of discipline. approach to 6.Roberts attempted to ignore his discomfort. make light of 7.Some people say that reading is not up to date. in fashion 8.Michael showed a brave front both to the world and in his home. kept up . 翻译句子1.很多年轻人来到这座大城市的

5、原因是他们想寻求幸福和成功。（表语从句） The reason why a lot of young people come to this big city is that they want to seek happiness and success. 2.我们第一次一起吃饭是在参观长城的时候。（表语从句） The first time we had dinner together was when we were visiting the Great Wall. 3.迈克变化太大了。他已不再是过去的他了。（表语从句） Mike has changed so much. He is no

6、longer what he used to be. 4.汤姆把他所有的精力都用在学习上了。那就是他取得巨大进步的原因。（表语从句） Tom has devoted all his energies to study. Thats why he has made great progress. 5.我们担心的是这种新病毒能否被预防和控制。（表语从句） Our concern is whether the novel virus can be prevented and controlled. 素养综合练. 阅读理解A（2020江苏南通启东中学期中）The park bench was dese

7、rted as I sat down to read beneath the branches of an old tree, with good reason to frown, for the world was intended to drag me down. At this time, a boy approached me. He stood right before me, and said with great excitement, “Look what I found!”In his hand was a flower, and what a pitiful sight,

8、with its petals （花瓣） all worn. Wanting him to take his flower and go off to play, I faked a small smile and then turned to the other side.But instead of leaving, he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his nose and declared, “It really smells pretty and its beautiful, too. Thats why I picked

9、 it. Here, its for you.”The flower before me was dying or dead. But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower, and replied, “Just what I need.”But instead of placing the flower in my hand, he held it in mid-air. It was then that I noticed that the boy was blind.I he

10、ard my voice quiver （轻微颤抖）, and at the same time my tears shone like the sun. As I thanked him for picking the very best one, he smiled and said, “Youre welcome.” And then he ran off to play, unaware of the impact hed had on me.I sat there and wondered how he managed to see a self-pitying woman bene

11、ath an old tree. Perhaps from his heart, hed been blessed with true sight.Through the eyes of the blind boy, I could see the problem was not with the world; the problem was me. And for all of those times I had been blind. From now on I vowed to see beauty and appreciate every second thats mine. Then

12、 I held the flower up to my nose and breathed its fragrance and smiled as that young boy.1.When she sat down to read on the bench, the author .A.felt relaxed and peacefulB.felt upset and unhappy with her lifeC.wanted to have a friend keeping her companyD.felt proud to have overcome the difficulties

13、in life2.The author decided to take the flower at first because .A.she was really moved by the boyB.she didnt want to hurt the young boyC.she thought the flower was really beautifulD.she didnt like being bothered by the boy any more3.Which of the following can best describe the boy？A.Kind and optimi

14、stic.B.Independent and active.C.Handsome and intelligent.D.Warmhearted and sensitive.答案：1.B解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者感到很郁闷的时候，一个盲人男孩出现了，送了作者一朵花，他的善良和乐观让作者重新点燃对生活的热爱。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath the branches of an old tree, with good reason to fr

15、own, for the world was intended to drag me down. 可知，当她坐下来在长凳上阅读时，眉头紧锁，她对自己的生活感到不安和不快乐。故选B。答案：2.D解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. 可知，作者决定把花拿去，因为她不希望被这个男孩打扰。故选D。答案：3.A解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章内容可知，作者感到很郁闷的时候，一个盲人男孩出现了，送了她一朵花，他的善良和乐观让作者重新点燃对生活的热爱。由此可见，

16、男孩很善良、乐观。故选A。BConventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.Scientists measur

17、ed this by studying the ends of childrens chromosomes （染色体）, called telomeres（端粒）, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.Telomeres are special DNA sequences （序列）which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until

18、 a cell cannot divide any more and dies.Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence co

19、uld make childrens telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner, physical maltreatment by an adult, or bullying. Researchers measured the

20、childrens telomeres-in cells obtained by wiping the insides of their cheeks-at ages 5 and 10.Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as h

21、eart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres.“The study confirms a small but growing numbe

22、r of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes,” says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.4.The new study found that .A.hardship can change a childs memoryB.violence can speed up a childs agingC.violence leav

23、es scars on a childs mindD.hardship has an effect on a childs mind5.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Telomeres.B.Children.C.Chromosomes.D.DNA sequences.6.What can be inferred from the text?A.Violence can cause quick cell death in childrens body.B.Telomeres can help prev

24、ent chromosomes from separating.C.Children who have shorter telomeres have heart attacks later.D.Being treated badly will make a childs telomeres shorten faster.7.What is the best title for the text?A.Violence and TelomeresB.The Function of TelomeresC.Violence Makes Children AgingD.DNA Influences Ch

25、ildrens Growth答案：4.B解析：4.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暴力或困境会影响孩子的身体，改变他们的DNA，导致孩子提前衰老。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.

26、 可知，研究表明，暴力不仅可以影响孩子的身体，也能改变他们的DNA，也能导致等同于七到十年的提前衰老。由此可以判断出，新的研究显示，暴力会加速孩子变老。故选B。答案：5.A解析：5.【命题立意】代词指代题。【解题思路】根据第三段Telomeres are special DNA sequences （序列）which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies. 可知，

27、端粒是特殊的DNA 的序列，可以阻止染色体中的DNA分裂。每次细胞分裂时，它们都变得更短，直到细胞不能分裂任何一个细胞。由此可知，“They”指的是上文中的Telomeres。故选A。答案：6.D解析：6.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】由第六段中的Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence可知，当孩子面临两种或两种以上类型的暴力时，端粒变短的速度会更快。由此可知，被暴力对待会使一个孩子的端粒加速变短。故选D。答案：7.C解析：7.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据全文内容可知

28、，文章主要说明暴力会加速DNA中端粒的变短而让孩子们提前衰老。故选C。. 语法填空（2020江西南昌十中高二期中）Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment 1 a reporter in China Daily. At the office his talk with his new boss influenced his life strongly. His boss told him not to go out to cover an event 2 a professional photographer.During the int

29、erviews, he had to listen to a lot of 3 （detail）facts when getting well prepared for the next question based on 4 the person said. If the person 5 （interview） agreed, he should use a recorder to record what the interviewee said. The boss also gave him 6 example of the importance of a recorder. Once

30、a footballer was accused of taking money for 7 （deliberate） not scoring goals. He admitted that someone 8 （try） to bribe him, but he denied taking the money. With the recording, it was proved that he was 9 （guilt）. He was angry and tried to stop it, 10 failed.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.as解析

31、：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了周洋在成为中国日报的记者后，老板向他讲述了作为记者，报道采访过程中需要注意的事项，以便使自己获得所需信息的故事。考查介词。句意：周洋永远不会忘记他作为中国日报的记者的第一个任务。结合句意及句子结构可知，空处需用介词as，表示作为记者。故填as。答案：2.without解析：2.考查介词。根据语境和句子结构可知，空处需用介词，表示“没有”，故填without。答案：3.detailed解析：3.考查形容词。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词facts, detail的形容词为detailed“详细的”。故填detailed。答案：4.what解析：4.考查宾

32、语从句。分析句子结构可知，介词on后面是一个宾语从句，从句的动词缺少宾语，此处表示说的内容，需用连接代词what，故填what。答案：5.interviewed解析：5.考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：如果被采访的人同意，他应该使用录音机来记录被采访者所说的话。本句已有谓语动词 agreed，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，此处the person和interview之间是被动关系，所以这里是过去分词作后置定语，故填interviewed。答案：6.an解析：6.考查不定冠词。句意：老板还给他举了一个有关录音机重要性的例子。空处需用不定冠词a/an，泛指一个例子，example以元音音素开头，

33、所以前面用an，故填an。答案：7.deliberately解析：7.考查副词。句意：有一次，一名足球运动员被指控因故意不进球而受贿。此处需用副词修饰后面的scoring goals“进球”，故填deliberately。答案：8.had tried解析：8.考查动词时态。句意：他承认有人竭力贿赂他，但他否认拿了钱。由主句的谓语动词admitted可知，空处动词需用过去的某种时态，结合句意可知，此处表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，所以空处需用过去完成时：had done。故填had tried。答案：9.guilty解析：9.考查形容词。句意：有了录音，他就被证明是有罪的。空处需用形容词作表语，

34、guilt的形容词为guilty“有罪的”。故填guilty。答案：10.but解析：10.考查连词。句意：他很生气，试图阻止它，但失败了。根据空前空后句意可知，此处前后为转折关系，需用并列连词but。故填but。. 应用文写作（2020山东泰安高二上学期期末）假定你是李华，你们学校昨天举办了汉文化活动。 请你用英语给你的加拿大笔友 Tom 写一封邮件告知他此事，内容包括：1. 活动目的、时间和地点；2. 主要内容（汉代舞蹈表演及汉服介绍）；3. 你的感受。注意：1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和落款已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Tom,Yours,

35、Li Hua答案：高分范文Dear Tom,In order to protect traditional Chinese culture, an activity about the culture of the Han Dynasty was held in our school hall yesterday. Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to tell you about it.The activity started with a wonderful dance perfor

36、med by several girls wearing beautifully-designed Hanfu. Later, a teacher introduced the characteristics of Hanfu and the manners of the Han Dynasty. Students who had questions asked the teacher actively.Through this activity, I have learned more about the culture of the Han Dynasty. Its really meaningful.Yours,Li Hua