新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语必修第一册练习：UNIT 3—2 GETTING ALONG WITH OTHERS GRAMMAR AND USAGE .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 3 Getting along with othersGrammar and usage & Integrated skills1. count on依赖, 依靠, 指望*(教材原句)A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. 一个真正的朋友是我们可以依靠支持的人。【词块积累】count vi. 认为; 算作; 重要vt. 数数count. . . in包括在内count sb. out不包括某

2、人count for sth. 对重要, 有价值count up计算, 算出总数 be counted as认为; 看作; 算作; 被视为(1)She began to count up how many guests they had to invite. 她开始计算他们得邀请多少位客人。 (2)The fact that she had apologized counted for nothing with him. 她已道歉, 但他认为这是没有用的。(3)For tax purposes that money is counted as income. 那笔钱被算作收入, 需要纳税。2.

3、 opinion n. 意见, 看法; (群体的)观点, 信仰*(经典例句)In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. 在我看来, 下列品质构成了友谊的基础。【词块积累】in ones opinion在某人看来in the opinion of sb. 依照某人的看法the opinion of/about/on. . . 对的看法have a good/high opinion of对评价好/高have a bad/low opinion of对评价不好/低(1)(2019天津高考)A comm

4、ittee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. 由教师组成的委员会将对材料进行评估并提出意见。(2)(2019全国卷) The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. 在我看来, 乞力马扎罗山之旅的最佳体验并不是到达山顶。(3)(2019江苏高考)But it seems people have different opinions. 但似乎人们有不同的观点。(4)(2019江苏高考)It would not matt

5、er if these misjudgments were just a matter of peoples opinions. 如果这些误判仅仅是人们的观点, 那也没有关系。3. quality n. 品德, 素质; 质量; 特征adj. 优质的, 高质量的*(教材原句)In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. 在我看来, 下列品质构成了友谊的基础。【词块积累】(1)of high/good/top quality质量好of low/bad/poor quality质量差(2)quantity

6、 n. 数量a large quantity of=large quantities of许多, 大量(1)This new type of machine is of high quality and is not expensive. 这种新型的机器质量非常好, 而且也不贵。(2)(2019全国卷)According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. 根据最近的研究, 如果你露营地的空气质量好, 答案是肯定的。(3)The depth of

7、 the water here is less than 200 meters filled with large quantities of /a large quantity of mud and sand carried into the sea by rivers. 这里水深不足200米, 堆积着由河流入海带来的大量泥沙。【巧学助记】Nowadays there are large quantities of people of high quality in the world, which contributes to our harmonious society. 现在, 世界上

8、有大量的高素质的人, 这有助于我们的和谐社会。4. respect vt. 尊重, 尊敬n. 尊敬, 敬意; 重视*(经典例句)The most beloved and respected person around me is my teacher, Ms Li. 我身边最敬爱的人是我的老师, 李老师。【词块积累】(1)respect sb. /sth. 尊敬某人/某物respect sb. as. . . 尊敬某人为respect sb. for. . . 因而尊敬某人(2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人out of respect出于尊重send/give

9、ones respects to sb. 代某人向某人致敬/问候(1)I respect him as a person because you hear stories about him from players and I have a friend in Holland who knows him personally. 我很尊重他这个人, 因为你会从很多球员那听到他的故事, 我在荷兰还有一个朋友认识他。(2)Also, when we show respect for people, it is more likely that they will do the same for u

10、s. 而且, 当我们对别人表示尊敬时, 别人就更可能用同样的方式来对待我们。(3)I thought I should talk to you in person, out of respect. 出于尊重, 我觉得我应该当面跟你谈谈。【熟词生义】China is developing very rapidly in all respects and were all proud of our motherland. 中国各方面都在飞速发展, 我们都为我们的祖国感到骄傲。(n. 方面, 细节)5. get over克服; 恢复常态*(教材原句)I should also encourage h

11、im to take action to get over these difficulties. 我也应该鼓励他采取行动克服这些困难。【词块积累】get across被理解; 使了解get around到处走走; 逃避; 说服; 传开来(等于get round); 有办法应付get away with被放过; 侥幸逃脱get down to着手做某事; 开始认真考虑get into陷入; 染上(坏习惯); 养成; 习惯于get through通过; 到达; 做完; 接通电话; 熬过(困难时期等)(1)If you think you can get away with it, youve g

12、ot another think coming. 你要是以为你可以侥幸逃脱, 那你就大错特错了。(2)I would appreciate it if you could lend me a hand to get over nervousness. 如果你能帮我克服紧张我会非常感激。(3)I was trying to get across how much I admired them. 我努力表达清楚我是多么羡慕他们。(4)Theres not much time left. Lets get down to preparing for the party. 没多少时间了。让我们赶紧着手

13、准备派对吧。If one man guards the pass, ten thousand are unable to get through. 一夫当关, 万夫莫开。(指的是山势高而险峻, 一个人把守着关口, 上万人也打不进来。)6. bring out使显现, 使表现出*(教材原句)To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. 对我来说, 一个好朋友能激发出一个人最好的一面。【词块积累】bring about(=lead to/result in)引起; 导致; 产生; 带来bring sth. back 使某物恢复; 带回某

14、物; 使想起某事bring down 让降下来; 使倒下bring in引入; 赚(钱)bring forth产生; 产出; 发表bring forward提出; 将提前(1)This picture often brings back many happy memories of my high school days to me. 这张照片经常使我想起高中生活中许多美好的回忆。(2)Many people are beginning to reflect on why we pay so much to study abroad and what kind of consequences

15、it will bring about. 许多人开始反思, 我们为什么花费这么多去国外留学, 这又会带来什么结果。(3)He made every effort to bring down the cost of living. 他竭力降低生活费用。【巧学助记】The plan he brought up has brought down the cost of production and brought in a lot of profits, which brought the company back to life. 他提出的方案降低了生产成本, 带来了大量利润, 这使公司恢复了生机

16、。7. measure vt. 估量, 判定; 测量n. 措施; 衡量*(教材原句)Ill always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. 我将永远珍视一个好朋友的这些品质, 并在我们的友谊发展的过程中, 试着用这些标准来衡量我自己。【词块积累】(1)measure. . . by. . . 用来衡量be measured by/in用来衡量/计算(2)take measures/steps/action

17、to do sth. 采取措施做某事make sth. to ones own measure为某人量身定做某物in full measure最大程度地, 最大限度地(3)measurable adj. 可测量的; 显著的(1)The tool is used to measure how much oil is left in an engine. 这个工具用于探查发动机中剩余的油量。(2)The pond measures about 2 metres across. 这个池塘宽约2米。(3)Air pollution is becoming increasingly serious, s

18、o we must take measures to control it. 空气污染越来越严重, 所以我们必须采取措施对其加以控制。(1)measure表示“措施”时, 常用复数形式。(2)measure表示“有长(宽、高)”等时, 可看作系动词, 没有被动语态及进行时态。【巧学助记】采取措施(measures)来测量(measure)Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant. 思考测量大象体重的办法。关系代词引导的限制性定语从句观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成: 1. When I was an aw

19、kward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. 2. I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot. 3. Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadnt contacted for a long time. 归纳填空: (1)所有例句中黑体部分都是限制性定语从句。(2)例句1中黑体部分: who引导的定语从句修饰先行词 the popular girl, 在从句中作主语。(

20、3)例句2中黑体部分为 whom引导的定语从句且其在从句中作宾语, 修饰先行词 a friend。(4)例句3中黑体部分为 whom引导的定语从句且其在从句中作宾语, 修饰先行词 a friend。一、定语从句概述定语从句定义在主从复合句中, 对某一名词或代词起修饰、限制作用的从句关系词关系代词who; whom; whose; which; that关系副词when; where; why可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句本单元主要学习关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句习近平主席所做的2021新年致辞非常鼓舞人心。世界上最长的跨海大桥港

21、珠澳大桥, 在星期三上午九点向公众交通开放。 关系词的3个作用关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。二、关系代词的基本用法关系代词所指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语whose人/物定语*(2020新高考全国卷)The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum whic

22、h/ that opened in 1759. 例如, Sir Hans Sloane 收藏的8万件物品构成了在1759年开放的大英博物馆的核心馆藏。*Any man that/who has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item. 任何有责任感的人都会关注这个项目。*The rescue worker (whom/that/who) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的救援人员已经来了。*Mary is fond of music that/which is quiet and gentle. 玛

23、丽喜欢安静轻柔的音乐。*The party that/which was organized by Tom was held outdoors at dusk. 由汤姆组织的这个晚会在傍晚时在户外举行。*I frequently visit a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我经常拜访一位全国知名的科学家。三、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况1. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。*All that you

24、 must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。*He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。*The only thing that we can do is to give in to our parents

25、 ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见。4. 当先行词既指人又指物时。*I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。5. 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。*Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救你的人是谁? 6. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。*Shanghai is no longer the cit

26、y that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。单句语法填空(1)The engineer with whom my father works is about 50 years old. (2)All that can be eaten has been eaten up. (3)I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone elses fault. (4)Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in th

27、e near future. (5)Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. . 选择合适的关系代词填空1. Is there anything else that (which/that) you require? 2. The first place that (which/that) we visited in China was the Great Wall. 3. Do you know the nearest place that (which/that/wh

28、ose)is famous for its beautiful natural scenery in our town? 4. Peter wondered who the lady to whom (who/whom/whose)his mother was talking was. 5. Her bag, in which (that/which/whose) she had put all her money, was stolen. 6. I am very fond of the book the design of whose (that/which/whose)cover is

29、full of imagination. 7. My parents said that I should try to make friends with those who (who/whom/whose) are good at English. 8. Everybody in our class thought highly of the kindness that (that/whose) our English teacher showed to the poor man. 9. I dont like people who (who/whom) get angry easily.

30、 10. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom (that/whom) she could turn for help. . 运用定语从句合并句子1. This was the reason. My father told me to join in a 30-day training in an English club for it. This was the reason for which my father told me to join in a 30-day training in an English c

31、lub. 2. Fortunately, my neighbor helped me out. His teacher was a doctor. Fortunately, my neighbor, whose teacher was a doctor , helped me out. 3. He is indeed a good partner. I got along quite well with him. He is indeed a good partner with whom I got along quite well. 4. He makes himself a sheep.

32、He shall be eaten by the wolf. He that/who makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 5. I believe nothing in the world is difficult for a person. He sets his mind to it. I believe nothing in the world is difficult for a person who/that sets his mind to it. 6. He thinks but doesnt learn. He i

33、s in great danger. He who/that thinks but doesnt learn is in great danger. 7. Every day Tom would write down the activities. We were to take part in them the following day. Every day Tom would write down the activities that/which we were to take part in the following day. 8. The couple moved into an

34、 old room. The window of it was just opposite to a beautiful park. The couple moved into an old room whose window was just opposite to a beautiful park. 9. My teachers arranged some homework in class. I have finished all the homework. I have finished all the homework that my teachers arranged in cla

35、ss. 10. The biggest problem is how I can get along well with my roommates. It is troubling me. The biggest problem that is troubling me is how I can get along well with my roommates. . 完成句子1. Do you still remember the old building that/which our grandparents loved best? 你还记得我们的祖父母最喜欢的那栋老房子吗? 2. The

36、passage of time is just like the flow of water, which goes on day and night. 逝者如斯夫, 不舍昼夜。3. To those who are devoted to education, happiness means the achievements their students made. 对那些献身教育工作的人来说, 幸福意味着他们的学生取得的成就。4. This was the only tree that survived the big fire. 这是那次大火中幸存下来的唯一的一棵树。使用本单元所学语法知识

37、翻译下面语段。My best friend Jenny is a cute girl 1. who studies in the same class as me(和我在同一个班学习的). She has a round face 2. which looks like an apple(看起来像苹果的). She loves playing the guitar in the park 3. which is next to her home(在她家旁边的). She also likes reading romantic novels 4. which are written by Ame

38、ricans(由美国人写的). She often discusses the problems 5. that she cant solve by herself(她自己解决不了的). She goes to school by bike 6. which was a present from her father(来自她父亲的一件礼物). She is so kind that she is ready to help those 7. who are in trouble(有困难的). 框架宏观建构: 整体理解1. Read the passage and fill in the bla

39、nks. A diary of PatrickDate(日期)4 NovemberOpening(开篇)Im so glad that I could help my best friend with his (1)problems. The following qualities form the (2)basis of a friendship. Account(叙述)A good friend needs to be (3)supportive. I must respect and support the choices he makes. I should also encourag

40、e him to take action to (4)get over these difficulties. A good friend also needs to be (5)selfless. Even if helping Tim means more work for me and itll take up some of my spare time, this friendship is (6)worth my extra time and effort. Summary(总结)To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person

41、. Ill always (7)value these qualities of a good friend and try to (8)measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. 2. (1)Skim Patricks diary entry and youll find that a diary is usually used to describe the writers inner feelings or reflection. (2)The diary is about the authors thoug

42、ht about what it really means to be a “good friend”. 文本微观剖析: 特色表达Try to recite the following useful sentences for a diary about friendship. It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a “good friend”. I must respect and support the choices he makes. I should also encourage him to take

43、action to get over these difficulties. Im sure that Tim would do the same for me. Ill always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. 1. 话题特点生活日记用来记述自己在日常生活中做过的、看到的或听到的有意义的事情或用来抒发自己当天对某些事情的感受以及自己将来的打算。体裁可以是记叙文、应用文、说明文、议论文等各种形式。2.

44、 话题词汇(1)intendv. 打算(2)packvt. 包装(3)be proud of骄傲(4)the importance of的重要性(5)take part in参加(6)make up ones mind下定决心(7)go in for参加; 从事(8)spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力去做某事(9)be absorbed in专心致志于(10)have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难3. 话题句式(1) 表达感情I had an unforgettable trip to Cambridge today. 今天我到

45、剑桥的旅行很难忘。Today is an unforgettable and significant day. 今天是难忘且意义重大的一天。(2) 叙述经过Today I took part in a farm work programme in the suburbs. 今天我参加了郊区的一个农活项目。At the class meeting, our teacher told us about the programme with the theme “Labour is the most beautiful thing”. 在班会上, 我们的老师告诉我们节目的主题是“劳动是最美好的事情”

46、。 And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands. 他还强调了亲自动手的重要性。When I got home, I packed up my luggage for the trip. 当我回家时, 我收拾好行李准备旅行。On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. 在农场里, 我们帮忙摘西瓜。工作的时候, 我意识到在炎热

47、的阳光下在田野里工作是多么辛苦。(3)表达观点Kate is a girl who is easy to get along/on with and we all like her. 凯特是一个容易相处的女孩, 我们都喜欢她。As a result, from this experience I have learned it was important to work together with others. 结果, 从这次经历中我认识到与他人合作是很重要的。(4)总结概括If you miss this chance, I dont think you will have a secon

48、d chance to play with outstanding players. 如果你错过了这个机会, 我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。昨天, 你与朋友因琐事发生争吵, 为此你感到很后悔。请根据下列内容提示, 以第一人称用英语写一篇日记, 表达你对朋友的歉意。完成句子1. 我想为昨天和朋友争吵向她道歉。I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with her yesterday. 2. 我对我粗鲁的话语感到惭愧, 我的话让她很心碎。I am ashamed of my rude words and my words reall

49、y broke her heart. 3. 如果不是我的粗鲁, 她就不会勃然大怒。If it had not been for my rudeness, she would not have exploded with anger. 4. 我们已经交往八年了, 几乎形影不离, 我不想放弃我们的友谊。We have been close for eight years and almost inseparable, and I dont want to let go of our friendship. 5. 她总是对我很宽容, 而且我们能彼此信任和依赖。She is always so gen

50、erous to me that we can trust and count on each other. 6. 我想发自内心地向她道歉。无论如何, 有错的是我。I want to say sorry to her from the bottom of my heart. In any case, Im in the wrong. 7. 我真的希望她能原谅我并与我和好。 I do hope she can forgive me and make up with me. 句式升级8. 将句2改为定语从句I am ashamed of my rude words which really bro

51、ke her heart. 9. 用but for引导的虚拟语气改写句3But for my rudeness, she would not have exploded with anger. 10. 用分词的完成时作状语改写句4Having been close for eight years and almost inseparable, I dont want to let go of our friendship. March 12th, Tuesday SunnyI want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with her yest

52、erday. I am ashamed of my rude words which really broke her heart. But for my rudeness, she would not have exploded with anger. As far as Im concerned, having been close for eight years and almost inseparable, I dont want to let go of our friendship. She is always so generous to me that we can trust and count on each other. Again, I want to say sorry to her from the bottom of my heart. In any case, Im in the wrong. I do hope she can forgive me and make up with me. 关闭Word文档返回原板块