2021版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案 必修5 UNIT 2 THE ENVIRONMENT WORD版含答案.doc

1、三言两语1.The first thing we can do is to use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when going shopping.2It is wellknown that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming.3Consequently，it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the i

2、mportance of the protection of the environment.1.节约用水是我们的职责。正如我们所知，没有水我们就不能生存。Its_our_duty_to_save_water.As we know，we cant_live_without_water.2总之，如果大家更多地关注我们的环境，那么，污染会更少，我们的生活会更好，同时我希望大家采取有效措施来保护我们的环境。In a word，if_everyone_pays_more_attention_ to_our_environment，there will be less pollution and our

3、 lives will be better and I hope everyone will take_effective_measures_to_protect_ our_environment. 单词拼写应用核心单词1debate n& vi.辩论；争论，讨论 2arrest vt.& n逮捕3conflict vi.冲突，抵触 n冲突；矛盾4decrease vt.& vi.减少 n减少5measure n措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定6range n范围；一系列；山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化；排列，排序；包括7absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注8particula

4、r adj.专指的，特指的，特别的；讲究的，挑剔的9conserve vt.保护，保存；节省，节约10recycle vt.& vi.回收利用11duty n责任，义务，本分12production n产量；生产语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2019全国卷)This smart keyboard precisely measures (measure) the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.2(2019全国卷)It takes sunscreen about fifte

5、en minutes to start working，and thats plenty of time for your skin to_absorb (absorb) a days worth of Vitamin D.3(2018全国卷)This switch has decreased(decrease) pollution in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.4(2018全国卷)Making lovely objects using recycled(r

6、ecycle) and made materials.5(2017北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.6On getting off the plane，he got arrested(arrest) by the waiting police.7Social progress is normally a matter of struggles and conflicts (conflict)8They sat for hour

7、s debating(debate) the advantages and disadvantages of setting up their own firm.9Let recycled papers be_conserved(conserve) for the many purposes they are more fit for.拓展单词1belief n看法；信念believe vt.相信2responsible adj.应承担责任的responsibility n责任，职责3appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会appreciation n欣赏；鉴别；感谢4impress

8、 vt.使印象深刻impression n印象impressive adj.给人印象深刻的5operate vt.& vi.经营；动手术operation n操作；经营；手术operator n操作员；话务员6legal adj.法律许可的，合法的illegal adj.非法的，违法的illegally adv.非法地，违法地7consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费consumer n消费者，用户，顾客consumption n消费语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1A citizen should be filled with a sense of responsibility for his

9、nation.That is to say，he should be responsible for what he does.(responsible)2A lift operator was ill and a famous surgeon operated on her at once.Shortly after the operation，the patient picked up.(operate)3Hangzhou is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors and i

10、ts sights never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)4The man seized much land illegally.Despite his illegal act，few people thought badly of him.Some people considered that it was legal for him to do so.(legal)5I would appreciate it very much if you can give me a hand again.Meanwhile，I want to

11、express my appreciation to you for your helping me before.(appreciate)6Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until theyve already been consumed.This is called rational consumption.(consume)阅读单词1plant n工厂；发电厂 2customs n海关；关税3administration n管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府4flood n洪水；大批，大量vt.&vi.泛滥；淹没；大

12、量涌入5vehicle n交通工具，车辆6decade n十年7fuel n燃料vt.& vi.提供燃料；加油8quantity n数量9credit n赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分1(2019全国卷) I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.n. 理解，认识2(2019全国卷) Earlier this year，the China

13、Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of Chinainspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art，with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.vt.激发3(201

14、8全国卷) The livingroom television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room.vt.放置4(2018全国卷) During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course，called Thinking Chess，for three credits.n.学分5(2017全国卷) This production of Shakespeares Richard

15、 will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.n.(电影，戏剧等的)摄制6(2017全国卷)Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.n.工作7(2017天津卷) Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.v. 蜂拥而至 短语多维应用高频短语1.open_the_floor 自由发言2use_up 用尽3run_out

16、_(of) 用完，耗尽4clean_up 打扫(或清除)干净5in/with_regard_to 关于，至于语境运用(填入一个适当的词)The population of the world is growing larger，and we are using up natural resources.What if they run out？In/With regard to the topic，we held a class meeting and all of the class opened the floor at the meeting.6.cut_back_on 减少，削减，缩减

17、7queue_up 排队等候8pick_out 找出，挑选9let_off 排放10do_ones_part 尽自己的职责语境运用(填入一个适当的词)In the past few years，the administration has done its part in environmental conservation.Now manufacturers are willing to cut back on the production of vehicles in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide they let off.11.

18、under_way 进行中12in_particular 尤其，特别13result_in 导致14in_use 在使用中15blame.on.把归咎于16rely_on.for.依赖提供语境运用(填入一个适当的词)With the development of society，more and more families own their private cars，which has resulted in the decline of public transport，because many people rely on cars for transportation.Some exp

19、erts blame the worsening environment on cars，and they appeal to people to use public transport more frequently.Meanwhile，more and more undergrounds will be in use in the near future.句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.the way作先行词的定语从句First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged

20、by chemical waste.(2019浙江卷)然而，当她挂断电话时，她后悔自己处理电话的方式。However，when she hung up，she regretted the_way_she_had_handled_the_call.2.What if.？如果怎么办呢？What if they run out？如果下起雨来，我们又无处避雨怎么办呢？What_if_it_rains when we cant get under shelter？3.it作形式宾语I liked it when you told that joke.(2016天津卷) 我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话我总

21、是太忙了，不能跟她交谈。I hate it_when_she_calls_me_at_workIm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.1belief n看法；信念(1)beyond belief 难以置信have (a) belief in 相信hold the belief that.持有观点it is ones belief that.某人相信(2)believe in 信任；信赖；相信(的存在)believe it or not 信不信由你it is believed that.人们相信a person worthy

22、of belief可以信得过的人respect other peoples beliefs 尊重别人的信仰have a firm belief in his honesty 对他的诚实深信不疑基础练习单句语法填空We have a sincere belief in the power of art to enhance human life.Its beyond belief that a 14yearold girl could break the provincial high jump record.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)I believe that good manners a

23、re very important to everybody.(高级表达)I hold_the_belief_that good manners are very important to everybody.(高级表达)It is_my_belief_that good manners are very important to everybody.2operate vt.经营，管理；操作 vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用(1)operate on sb.(for.) (因某病)给某人动手术(2)come/go into operation 生效，实行be in operation 运转中，

24、实施中put/bring.into operation实施；实行do/perform an operation on给动手术be easy to operate 容易操作operate factories and mines经营厂矿operate a patient on the head给病人头部做手术基础练习单句语法填空It is said that some new rules will come/go into operation next month.Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.能

25、力提升一句多译这位病人非常危险，所以医生们决定立刻给他动手术。The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to_operate_on_him immediately.(operate)The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to_do/perform_an_ operation_on_him immediately.(operation)3impress vt.使印象深刻；盖印；使铭记，使牢记(1)be impressed by/with 被打动；对有深刻印象

26、impress sth.on/upon sb.(impress on/upon sb.sth.) 使某人铭记某事impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事(2)make/leave a deep impression on sb./ones memory 给某人留下深刻的印象impress a mark on/upon a surfaceimpress a surface with a mark在表面上打记号impress on me the value of hard work让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值impress the consumer with a good advertis

27、ing campaign以广告宣传运动加深消费者的印象基础练习单句语法填空My father impressed the importance of honesty on/upon me.The little boy impressed me with his big and bright eyes the first time I saw him.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)He impressed me deeply with his performance at the concert.(高级表达)I was_deeply_impressed_with/by his performanc

28、e at the concert. (impress)(高级表达)His performance at the concert left/made_a_deep_ impression_on_ me.(impression)4measure n措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定 vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为(1)take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事make.to ones measure 依照某人的尺寸做beyond measure无法估量；极度；非常(2)measure.by.用来衡量measures for increasing the output

29、 增产的措施be measured in metres 以米计量measure five metres across有五米宽take measures to preserve the environment from pollution 采取措施保护环境免受污染基础练习单句语法填空Education should not be measured only by examination results.Measures have been taken to_solve(solve) traffic problems in big cities.In the old days，my mother

30、always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 metres.(高级表达) There are some tall trees on the hill，some_measuring_ 30_metres.(用独立主格结构)名师点津measure作“措施”讲时，常用其复数形式。measure表示“有长(宽、高等时)”，可看成系动词，不用被动语态及进行时态，若此意义

31、的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。5range n(变动)范围；一系列；分类；山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序(1)in/within range of 在范围内beyond/out of range (of)超出/不在(的)范围a range of 一系列的(2)range from.to.从到变化/不等range between.and.在之间变动people from a diverse range of backgrounds 各种不同背景的人range the books by size按书的大小排列patients whose ages ranged from

32、13 to 25 years年龄在13到25岁之间的病人基础练习单句语法填空There is a range of mountains in my hometown.If we are beyond range of the signal，our phones cant be used.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)The temperature changes a lot and it ranges between 18 and 35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.(高级表达)The temperature changes a lot，rang

33、ing_from_18_to_ 35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.6appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解(1)appreciate (sb./ones) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if.如果，我会感激不尽(2)in appreciation of 欣赏；感激express/convey/show.appreciation to sb.对某人表达的感谢appreciate your help very much 非常感谢你的帮助appreciate English po

34、etry欣赏英语诗歌appreciate his readiness to help others 欣赏他乐于助人的态度基础练习单句语法填空I really appreciate my teacher helping (help) me with math in his spare time.Please accept this gift in appreciation of all youve done for us.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.(高级表达)I_would_apprec

35、iate_it_if you could turn off the lights.(appreciate)7absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注(1)absorb knowledge/information 掌握知识/信息absorb ones attention/the attention of sb.吸引某人的注意absorb.into.把吸入absorb oneself in.全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的be absorbed in.全神贯注于(3)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的absorb a great

36、deal of the Roman culture大量吸收罗马文化be absorbed in thought 在沉思be absorbed into the blood 被吸收进入血液基础练习单句语法填空Alcohol may take a few minutes to_be_absorbed(absorb) into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or

37、 sleeping.The novel was so absorbing (absorb) that she read on without a break.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)The singer was absorbed in his singing.The singer forgot to have his lunch.(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_singing，the singer forgot to have his lunch.(用过去分词作状语)名师点津be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式abs

38、orbed in.。8responsibility n责任，职责(1)have the/a responsibility to do.有责任/有义务做bear/take the responsibility for 承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility 责任感(2)be responsible for 应对负责；对有责任rights and responsibilities 权利和责任take responsibility for arranging the food 负责安排食物的事宜a strong sense of responsibility towa

39、rds parents 对父母强烈的责任感have no responsibility for that accident 对那个事故没有责任基础练习单句语法填空The court feels it has a responsibility to_ensure (ensure) that customers are not misled.You should be responsible for what you did.(2019江苏卷) Her responsibility(responsible)，her privilege，would be to rescue it.能力提升词汇升级(

40、普通表达)Police believe that the same man is responsible for three other murders in the area.(高级表达) Police believe that the same man takes/bears_the_ responsibility_for three other murders in the area.(responsibility)9run out (of) 用完，耗尽run out 结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)run across 偶然遇到；穿过run after 追赶；追求run into 撞

41、上；偶然遇见run out of fuel用完燃料run across her in the public library 在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她run after every new fashion 赶时髦基础练习单句语法填空So many places of interest does Beijing offer that most visitors simply ran out of time before visiting them all.I ran across some old letters while I was clearing out a drawer.能力提升一句多译

42、这个男孩用完了钱，因此他不得不向父母求助。The boys money ran_out so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)The boy ran_out_of_his_money so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)The boys money gave_out/was_used_up so he had to ask his parents for help.(give/use)易错辨析表示“用完”，run out，give out为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物(时间、食物、金钱等)；ru

43、n out of和use up为及物动词短语，其主语一般为人。10pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白pick up 拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染pick on 挑选；招惹；找茬儿；责备pick off 摘去；逐个毁掉；瞄准射击pick out the meaning of the passage 领会这篇文章的含义pick out the best items on the menu从菜单上选出最好的菜pick on me to do the work 挑选我干这个工作基础练习写出下列句中pick out的含义She was picke

44、d out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑选There were so many people at the conference that I couldnt pick him out.辨认出Having read the passage many times，I finally picked out its main idea.领会能力提升完成句子他的小说被评委们评为最佳作品。His story was_picked_out_as_the_best by the judges.11(教材P25) What_if they run out? 如

45、果它们用完了怎么办呢？句型公式What if.？意为“如果将会怎样；即使又有什么关系？”(1)What if.？为省略结构。what if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(通常为should动词原形)。(2)What for? 为何目的，为何理由？ What/How about.? 怎么样？ Guess what? 你猜怎么着？金句推送What if we use it in case of an emergency? 如果我们在紧急事件中使用它，那又会是怎样？基础练习单句语法填空What if anything should happen to the ch

46、ild?How about going shopping and seeing a show in London?Seven months ago I never would have believed this，but guess what? Bart Conner is on that team.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)If I fall sick and cant work，what shall I do?(高级表达)What_if_I_fall_sick and cant work? 12(教材P31) I liked_it_when_you_told_that_joke.我喜欢你

47、讲的那个笑话。句型公式句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而用it作形式宾语，然后再加宾语从句作真正的宾语，这类动词有appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等。(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语，常见的有depend on，rely on，see to(确保)等。(3)在take it for granted that.中也有这类用法。金句推送 I dislike/hate it when I am left alon

48、e to start a conversation with a stranger.我不喜欢被单独留下来和一个陌生人聊天。基础练习单句语法填空I dont like it when the weather gets really cold.We can depend on it that he will arrive here on time.能力提升完成句子我可以保证一切都会及时准备就绪。I can see to it_that_everything_is_ready in time.多维训练夯实基础维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1Last but not least，its everyone

49、s responsibility to make (make) good use of water.2The doctor is performing an operation (operate) on the injured child.3It is especially important to make a good first impression (impress) at a job interview.4Absorbed (absorb) in his work，he didnt hear what I said.5Emergency measures have_been_take

50、n (take) to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide so far.6The belief (believe) that one should work hard is rooted in our culture.7She has had a number of different jobs，ranging (range) from chef to swimming instructor.8We would appreciate you letting (let) us know of any problem.9People who eat slo

51、wly tend to_consume(consume) about 70 fewer calories per meal than those who rush through their meals.10However，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades(decade) has gone on reducing risks in advance.维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词1I hate it when you dont say what you are thinking.2We opened the fl

52、oor to the different suggestions that they had made at the meeting.3Dont worry.If anything goes wrong，Ill take responsibility for it.4Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.5We have already run out of money and I dont know what to do next.维度3查缺补漏单句语法填空1Hone

53、stly speaking，people who break traffic rules are on the decrease.2It was a good concertI enjoyed the last song in particular.3The more difficult the questions are，the less_likely(likely) he is to answer them.4Large quantities of food are_wasted (waste) because of the way it looks.5Since her arrival

54、(arrive) at the department，she has been a reorganized authority on the subject.单句改错6The apartment is too small and I want one three times the larger.去掉第二个the7It was shocking that the mayor was arrested after he took office for little than a year.little_less维度4话题写作1补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)随着经济的发展，环境变得

55、越来越糟。With_the_development_of_economy，the environment is getting worse and worse.到了我们采取措施来保护环境的时候了。Its time for us to_take_measures_to_protect the environment.培养责任感是非常重要的。Its very important to_develop_our_sense_of_responsibility.当我们意识到环保的重要性时，我们才会尽职尽责。When we realize_the_importance_of_protecting the

56、environment we are willing to_do_our_parts for it.我们应该尝试改变我们的生活方式。We should try_to_change_our_way_of_life.回收利用我们使用过的东西。Recycle_the_things that have been used.我们应该尽力减少环境污染，以使我们生活得更美好。We should try_our_best_to_cut_back_on pollution of the environment to live_a_ better_life.2升级平淡句(1)利用Its time that.升级1

57、中的句Its_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures_to_protect_the_environment.(2)利用“only状语从句”位于句首倒装升级1中的句Only_when_we_realize_the_importance_of_protecting_the_environment_are_we_willing_to_do_our_parts_for_it.(3)利用in order that引导目的状语从句升级1中的句We_should_try_our_best_to_cut_back_on_pollution_of_the_environme

58、nt_in_order_that_we_can_live_a_better_life.3衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so，firstly，secondly，thirdly，above all)With the development of economy，the environment is getting worse and worse.So its time that we took measures to protect it.Firstly，its very important to develop our sense of responsibility.Only whe

59、n we realize the importance of protecting the environment are we willing to do our parts for it.Secondly，we should try to change our way of life.Thirdly，recycle the things that have been used.Above all，we should try our best to cut back on pollution of the environment in order that we can live a better life.