2021届高考英语 语法填空精读精炼（八）.doc

1、2021高考英语语法填空精读精炼（八）Part 1：文本欣赏The best and the worstJoe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town.Nearly everybody enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year,but Joe wins every time. Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetab

2、les, but Joes garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool.I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town! Part 2：文本解析一）词汇学习 Word stud

3、y1enter（1）vt.,vi. 进入：Joe entered the room quietly.乔悄悄地走进了房间。Always knock on the door before you enter.进入前要先敲门。（2）vt.,vi. 参加，加入：Weve entered into an agreement.我们已达成一项协议。He soon entered their conversation.他很快便加入了他们的谈话。（3）enter for是“报名参加”的意思：She entered (hername/ herself) for the mathematics competitio

4、n.她报名参加数学竞赛。He entered his son for the English examination.他让儿子参加英语考试。2every 构成的合成词every和one, body, thing可以构成复合不定代词everyone, everybody和everything。它们一般都写成一个词。everyone和everybody一般可以替换使用，后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数，但它们本身均被视为单数：Everyone/Everybody knows what he has to do.每一个人都知道自己必须做什么。Everyone/Everybody knows wh

5、at they have to do.每个人都知道自己必须做什么。Everything is going well.一切都很顺利。与every一样可以构成这类合成词的单词还有some, any和no。二）课文详注1Nearly everybody enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. 几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。（1）nearly和almost意义相似，表示“几乎”、“差不多”、“差点儿”的意思：Im nearly/ almost ready.我

6、快准备好了。I have nearly forgotten his name.我差点把他的名字忘了。He nearly missed the train.他差点没赶上火车。（2）each和every均可译为“每一个”，二者常常可以互相代替使用：Every/ Each time I wash the car it rains.每次我擦洗汽车，天总是下雨。但是each更强调个体。它常用以指一个确定的并通常是有限的数目：Each child in the school was questioned.学校里的每个孩子都被询问过了。every却不那么强调个体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目：Every

7、child enjoys Christmas.所有的/每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。另外，each既可以作形容词又可以作代词，但every只能作形容词：They each have a share.他们每人都有一份。Each of us has his own work to do.我们每个人都有自己的工作要干。2Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. 比尔弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大。名词加-s表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格。这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略，只要

8、不引起误解：This is Marys boy friend,not Janes.这是玛丽的男朋友，不是简的。My pen is lost. This one is my brothers.我的钢笔丢了。这枝是我兄弟的。Johns handwriting is better than Marys and Catherines.约翰的书法比玛丽的和凯瑟琳的都要好。3He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. 他修筑了一条条整洁的小路，并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥。make和build在这里是同义词，都可以解释

9、为“修建”、“建造”。与汉语的写作习惯一样，用英语写作时同一段文字中尤其是在同一句话中应尽量避免使用重复的词，以使文章显得生动（特殊的修辞手法例外）。make和build之间的区别主要是：make的词义比较笼统、广泛，可以解释为“做”、“作出”、“制造”等，而build的意义主要限于建筑业，指“建造”、“建设”、“盖房子”、“修筑（桥梁等）”：They have built a new house.他们盖了一座新房子。They have made a road along the river.他们沿这条河筑了一条路。Have you made the skirt by yourself?这裙子

10、是你自己做的吗？三）语法 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级在英语中形容词和副词一般可以有比较级和最高级。比较级相当于汉语中“比更”这种句型，最高级则表示在某个范围“最”的概念。最高级在使用时前面通常要加定冠词the，并有一个短语或从句限定其范围。（1）比较级和最高级的构成单音节词和少数双音节词（如以辅音+-y结尾的词）在词尾加-er, -est，以辅音+-y结尾的词要先将-y变成-i，再在词尾加上-er, -est:hard-harder-hardest small-smaller-smallestyoung-younger-youngest lean-cleaner-cleanestbusy-b

11、usier-busiest以-e结尾的词加-r和-st:large-larger-largest nice-nicer-nicest以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词要双写最后一个字母，然后再加-er, -ext:big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest有一些双音节词在构成比较级和最高级形式时，既可以在单词结尾处加-er和-est，也可与more/ less和most/ least连用。如narrow, clever, common, pleasant 等。但如无把握时，双音节词用more和most则较为可靠。两个音节以上的单词如下：interesting-m

12、ore interesting-most interesting有些形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成并不规则good/well-better-best bad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastold-older/older-oldest/ eldestfar-farther/further-farthest/ furthest（2）在使用比较级时，如果需要把所比较的两项都提到，那么就必须在比较级后用than：I know him better than you do.我比你了解他。Janes hair is darker

13、 than Marys.简的头发比玛丽的黑。My room is cleaner than the one next door.我的房间比隔壁房间干净。如果比较级之所指很清楚，它可独立存在。（3）最高级的限定范围一般用of, among, in等介词短语：John is the tallest of the three brothers.这3个兄弟中约翰个子最高。This is the coldest day in ten years.这是10年来最冷的一天。限定范围也可以是从句：Mary is the most intelligent person Ive ever met.玛丽是我所遇到的

14、最聪明的人。如果范围很清楚，则可以省略：April is the best season.4月是最好的季节。（暗含范围“一年中”）He is always the best.他总是最优秀的。（暗含范围“在我们当中”）Part 3：文本翻译 最好的和最差的 乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的花园。几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。比尔.弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大，他比乔也更为勤奋，种植的花卉和蔬菜也更多，但乔的花园更富有情趣。他修筑了一条条整洁的小路，并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥。我也喜欢花园，但我却不愿意辛勤劳动。每年的花园竞赛我也参加，但总因是镇上最劣的花园而获得一个小

15、奖！Part 4：语法填空The best and the worst Why is Joes garden the most beautiful one in the town?Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters 1 The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Friths garden is 2 (large)than Joes. Bill works harder 3 J

16、oe and grows 4 (many) flowers and vegetables, Joes garden is more 5 (interest). He has made neat paths and 6 (build)a 7 (wood) bridge 8 a pool. I like gardens too, but I dont like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden 9 (compete) too, and I always win a little prize for the 10 (bad)garden in the town! 参考答案1. for2. larger 3. than 4. more 5. interesting 6. (has) built 7. wooden 8. over9. competition10 worst