2021高考英语（全国版）一轮复习考点考法精练：第二部分 专题十　情态动词和虚拟语气 WORD版含解析.docx

1、专题十情态动词和虚拟语气题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.2020江苏扬州高三期中调研,27I (abandon)my dream of becoming a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.2.2020黑龙江大庆铁人中学期中,1Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (is) at the age of six months.3.2020江苏无锡期中,32How impressive Chinas 70th anniversary of Nation

2、al Day parade is!Definitely. If only I (be)on the scene!4.2019江苏南通中学高三模考,10According to the school rules, no child be allowed out of school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents. 5.2019北京中央民族大学附属中学高三检测,12You (do)something great, otherwise you wouldnt have got the promotion.6.2019江苏扬州高三期中联考,3

3、4If you leave within 15 minutes, you park your car at the roadside temporarily.7.2019江苏天一中学高三调研,23Did you go to the party last night?Yes, but Id rather I (go) there. It was so boring.8.2019北京海淀区高三期中,32Kelly failed Mr. Browns literature course. She have handed in the report earlier.9.2019天津滨海新区高三期中,2

4、8Here you are. This is the hotel!Its so close to the station. We have taken the taxi at all!10.2019江苏苏州期中调研,26Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody (hurt).B单句改错11.2020湖北部分重点学校第一次联考Has it not been for the support, I wouldnt have realized my dream.12.2020江西南昌重点中学高三段考If I am you, I w

5、ould consider a bike as a birthday present for him.13.2020陕西部分学校摸底检测As students, we mustnt study hard so as to serve our society and our nation in the future.14.2020河南中原名校第二次质量考评On arrival, I reached for my mobile phone, but I couldnt find it anywhere. Han Mei thought I should have left it in the ta

6、xi.15.2020吉林长春东北师大附中第一次摸底考试If only I can be successful like you! I would appreciate it if you could write me back and give me your advice.16.2019河北衡水中学第一次联考In the beginning, all the students felt shy and dared not to express themselves. 17.2019广东六校第一次联考When I got the papers, I realized things could

7、have been better if I listened to the teacher more attentively.18.2019河北邯郸九校第一次联考I suggest that our school must take measures to encourage more students to take part in sports.19.2019安徽安庆高三二调By the way, should you give me some advice on how to learn maths well?题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.2019天津,14The workers wer

8、e not better organized, otherwise they (accomplish)the task in half the time.2.2018江苏,24Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission.3.2018天津,10I cant find my purse. I (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.4.2018北京,13They might have found a better hotel if

9、 they (drive)a few more kilometers.5.2018江苏,27There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (have)a second chance to become more involved.6.2018天津,15If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.7.2017北京,21Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easil

10、y reach the books on the top shelf.8.2017天津,15Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday.9.2016天津,5It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.10.2016北京,31I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.11.2016天津,15

11、I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I (injure).12.2016北京,34Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you (tell)me, I could have helped.13.2015陕西,21You feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.14.2015北京,29C

12、ant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really go now. My daughter ishome alone.15.2015天津,7I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.16.2015安徽,32It is lucky we booked a room, or we (have)nowhere to stay now.B单句改错17.2018全国改错As a kid, I lov

13、ed to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I. my parents would not to let me.18.2016甲卷(全国)改错We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.19.2016甲卷(全国)改错Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.20.2015新课标全国改错We must found ways to protect our environment.A专项语篇型填

14、空(情态动词和虚拟语气)Rain or shine, Tom is always the first to arrive at the office. His home1be very near the office, or he2be always in time for work. How I wish that I 3(live)close to work, so that I 4not get up so early every day. Yesterday, for example, I would5(arrive) in time for work as usual if I ha

15、dnt been caught in a traffic jam. The boss was so angry with me that he demanded I6 arrive at work early enough later on, saying that should I be caught being late again, he 7(punish)me.I 8stop doing everything and go to bed now. Anyhow, its time that I9(go) to sleep, and I hope I10 arrive at work o

16、n time tomorrow. It will be bad to be caught arriving late again.B语法填空2020安徽示范高中名校联考Have you ever wondered where Lego(乐高)came from? Like many great inventions, the story is not only one of a great idea, 1 one of tons of hard work and perseverance(毅力).The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen wa

17、s a carpenter 2 was struggling with his small business. His wife died 3(short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to support his family alone. He started making wooden toys, but they didnt sell well. He thought his toys needed a name, and he chose 4 name Lego.Unfortunately, several y

18、ears later, his workshop 5 (burn) to the ground. Soon, he started to make a few plastic toys. He got the idea of creating a system of toys that would build up kids 6 (imagine) and creativity. He decided to stop 7 (make) wooden toys and focus only on the connected plastic toys. Then he started to bui

19、ld more and more kinds of 8 (model). Each one had to be of the 9 (high) quality, which can be reflected in Legos motto Only the best is good enough. Thanks to his perseverance, kids can enjoy Lego toys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But none of this would have existed at that time if he 10 (

20、give) up when times were hard.C短文改错2019湖北武汉部分学校调研Dear Sir,Last Saturday I went shop at your food store and saw a saleswoman take the ready-to-eat food and the money with the same hands. I didnt think this was not the right thing to do for her. But when I told her about it, she got so angrily that sh

21、e said it was none of your business and asked me to leave the counter.A saleswoman has a bad effect on your store. I am sure that you will not allow so kind of things to happen again. I suggest that you took steps to punish those who is irresponsible for the work and impolite to the customer. I woul

22、d appreciate if you let me know what you have done to solve the problem.Yours faithfully,Lei Yang题组1限时模拟A单句填空1.might have abandoned句意:要不是来自那位音乐老师的鼓励,我可能就放弃成为钢琴家的梦想了。此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,所以应用might have + 过去分词。2.(should) be句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend表示建议时,其后的宾语从句的谓语要用(should+)动词原形,故填(should) be。

23、3.had been句意:国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻!当然,要是我在现场就好了!根据句意可知,此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,故填had been。4.shall句意:根据学校规定,除非有自己的父母陪同,否则任何儿童不得离开学校。根据语境可知,此处表示学校的规定,含有命令的意味,因此从语气上来分析可知应该用shall。5.must have done句意:你一定做了了不起的事,否则你是得不到晋升的。根据句意可知,此处表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测,应用must have done。6.can/may句意:如果你在15分钟内离开,你可以暂时把车停在路边。根据语境可知,此处表示许可,故用

24、can/may。7.hadnt gone句意:昨晚你去参加聚会了吗?是的,但我宁愿我没有去那里,太无聊了。would rather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气;根据句意可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,因此从句的谓语应用had done形式。8.should句意:Kelly 没有通过布朗先生的文学课,她本应该早点提交报告的。should have done sth.本应该做某事(而实际上未做)符合语境。9.neednt根据Its so close to the station可知,旅馆离车站很近,因此根本没必要乘出租车。neednt have done本不必做某事(而实际上做了)符合语境。10.c

25、ould/might have been hurt根据语境及第一句的时态可知,第二句表示对过去情况的推测,应用could/might have done表示可能已经做了某事;且Somebody与hurt(弄伤)之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故填could/might have been hurt。B单句改错11.HasHad分析句子结构可知,逗号前为省略了if的虚拟条件句,根据主句中的wouldnt have realized可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句应用过去完成时,故把Has改为Had。12.amwere根据语境可知,此处表示如果我是你,表示与现在的事实相反,故用虚拟语气,be

26、动词用were。13.mustntmust此处表示我们必须要努力学习,故用must。14.shouldmust此处表示韩梅认为我一定是把它落在出租车上了。表达对过去情况的肯定推测,应用must have done。故将should改为must。15.cancouldIf only后用虚拟语气,此处表示对将来情况的虚拟,从句谓语用过去时态。故把can改成could。16.删掉to句意:开始,所有学生都感到害羞,不敢表达自己的想法。此处dare为情态动词,后接动词原形,故删掉to。17.listened前加had句意:当我拿到试卷的时候,我意识到,如果(当初)我更加专心听老师讲课,我就能做得更好。

27、根据句意及could have been可知,此处为虚拟语气,且表示与过去事实相反的假设,故if引导的从句应用过去完成时,在listened前加had。18.mustshould或删掉must句意:我建议我们学校采取措施鼓励更多的学生参加体育运动。suggest意为建议,后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为should+动词原形,should可以省略。故可将must 改为should或者删掉must。19.shouldcould/would/can句意:顺便问一下,你能给我一些关于如何学好数学的建议吗?在疑问句中,表示请求,应用could,can或would。题组2精选真题A单句填

28、空1.would have accomplished句意:工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的。此处考查虚拟语气,otherwise前的内容所述的是过去的事实,因此后半部分表示对过去情况的假设,应用would have done。2.should句意:很奇怪,他竟然未经主人的许可就拿走了那些书。should竟然,符合句意。3.could/might have left根据句意及时间状语yesterday可判断,此处表示对过去情况的推测;根据下文我不肯定可知,应用情态动词could/might+have done结构。4.had driven句意:如果再开几千米,他

29、们可能会找到一家更好的旅馆。根据语境可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句应该用过去完成时。5.had根据There is a good social life in the village可知,时间的着眼点是现在,因此wish后的从句是对现在情况的虚拟,应用一般过去时。6.had caught根据句意可知,此处是一个虚拟条件句,条件从句中有时间状语yesterday,因此从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故从句应用过去完成时。7.can句意:Samuel是我们班个子最高的男孩,他能轻易够着书架顶层的书。根据句意可知,空处表能力,故用can。8.wouldnt have been句意:你有Bet

30、ty的电话号码吗?是的,不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根据句中的时间状语yesterday和副词Otherwise判断,这里表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时谓语用could/might/would/should+have done形式。9.couldnt句意:这真让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。根据句意及前文中的was可知应填couldnt表示不能够。10.neednt句意:我喜欢周末,因为在星期六和星期日我不需要早起。根据语境可知此处表示不需要,不必,故用neednt。11.would have been injured根据I was wearing a seatbelt和If I h

31、adnt been wearing one可判断出,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句用了过去完成时,主句谓语应用would have done形式,又主语I与injure之间是动宾关系,故填would have been injured。12.had told句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你了。根据句意及空后的could have helped判断,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故应用过去完成时。13.may/might句意:你可能感觉到整个培训都在浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你将感谢你参加了这样的培训。根据句子中的but Im a hundred

32、percent sure later youll be grateful you did it可判断出,此处表示对前面情况的一种推测,且语气不强烈,所以要用may或might。14.must句意:你就不能多待一会儿吗?天越来越晚了。我现在真的必须走了。我女儿一个人在家里。根据答语中的Its getting late以及My daughter is home alone可知,这里表示必须离开,故用must。15.neednt句意:来这所新学校之前,我本没有必要担忧,因为这儿的同学们对我非常友好。neednt have done表示本没有必要做某事(但做了)。16.would have句意:幸运的

33、是我们预订了一间房。否则,我们现在就没有待的地方了。根据语境可知,or之前的句子是陈述语气,是事实;or之后的句子用了虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的假设,故用would have。 B单句改错17.删掉not后的towould是情态动词,在此处表示意愿,后应跟动词原形,故to多余。18.chosechoose考查情态动词的用法。情态动词can后应接动词原形。19.去掉can或canshouldsuggest 意为建议时,其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,谓语形式为should+动词原形,should可以省略。20.foundfind情态动词must后应用动词原形,因此把found改为find。A专

34、项语篇型填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)作者上班有时会迟到,而他的同事汤姆从来不迟到,因此,作者认为他肯定住得离公司很近。1.must这里用must表示非常有把握的肯定推测,他的家离办公室肯定很近。2.cant根据句意可知,这里用cant表示非常有把握的否定推测。3.lived分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作wish后面宾语从句的谓语,此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语应用一般过去时。4.need语境表示这样我就没必要每天起得那么早了,用need not表示没必要(做某事)。5.have arrived此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句谓语应用would have done形式。6.should这

35、里使用了demand that+宾语从句结构,此时宾语从句的谓语应用(should+)动词原形。7.would punish这个主从条件句表示对将来的虚拟,主句谓语应用would+动词原形。8.must这里用情态动词must表示必须:我必须停下一切事情,上床睡觉。9.went/should go在Its time that.句型中,从句谓语动词要用过去式,从句谓语也可用should+动词原形(should不可省略)。10.can此处是说,我希望明天能按时到单位,故用情态动词can。B语法填空这是一篇记叙文。记叙了丹麦的一个木匠Ole Christiansen创造乐高玩具的经过。1.but考查连

36、词。句意: 像许多伟大的发明一样,这个故事不仅仅是关于一个伟大的想法的,而且是关于大量的努力和毅力的。短语not only.but(also).意为不仅而且,故填but。2.who/that考查定语从句关系词。句意:奥尔克里斯琴森是个木匠,他的小生意做得很艰难。此处为定语从句,修饰先行词carpenter,指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,故填who/that。3.shortly考查副词。句意:他的妻子在他的第四个儿子出生后不久就去世了。shortly after表示不久之后,故应填副词shortly。4.the考查冠词。句意:他觉得他的玩具需要一个名字,于是他选择了乐高这个名字。name为可数名

37、词,此处表示特指,故用定冠词the。5.was burned(burnt)考查动词的时态和语态。句意:不幸的是,几年后,他的作坊被夷为平地。根据several years later可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且主语workshop与burn之间构成被动关系,故填was burned(burnt)。6.imagination(s)考查名词。句意:他的想法是创造一个玩具系统,它可以开发孩子的想象力和创造力。空处和creativity并列,故填名词,imagination作想象力讲时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填imagination(s)。7.making考查固定搭配

38、。句意:他决定停止制作木制玩具,只专注于连接起来的塑料玩具。根据语境可知,此处应用stop doing sth.来表示停止正在做的事,故填making。8.models考查名词的数。句意:然后他开始建立越来越多种类的模型。model为可数名词,且根据空前的more and more kinds of可知,应填名词的复数形式models。9.highest考查形容词最高级。句意:每一个都必须是最优质的,这可以体现在乐高的格言只有最好的才足够好里。根据句意以及空前的the可知应填形容词最高级highest。10.had given考查虚拟语气。句意:但如果他在困难时期放弃了,这一切在当时都不会存在

39、。此处表示与过去事实相反的情况。if引导的条件状语从句应用过去完成时,对应的主句谓语应为would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词。故填had given。C短文改错本文作者向食品店老板反映自己去购物时的不愉快体验,并向老板提出了建议。1.shop前加to或shopshopping考查动词不定式或固定搭配。该句意为:上周六,我到你的食品店去买东西,看到一个女售货员用她拿过钱的那只手拿即食食品。go to shop意为去购物,go shopping为固定搭配,与之同义。2.handshand考查名词的单复数。根据语境可知,此处表示同一只手,the same后应用h

40、and的单数形式。3.删除not考查否定用法。根据句意及句子结构可知,该句使用了否定转移,not转移到了主句谓语动词think的前面,表示我认为她用拿过钱的手拿即食食品是不正确的行为,故删除was后的not。4.angrilyangry考查形容词。该句中的got用作系动词,后应接形容词作表语。5.yourmy考查人称代词。根据语境可知,此处表示她说这不关我的事,故用my。6.AThe考查冠词。该句意为:这位女售货员对你的商店产生了不良影响。该处特指上文提到的a saleswoman,故用定冠词The。 7.sosuch考查限定词。该处修饰名词kind,故用限定词such。该句意为:我确信你不会再让这种事情发生。8.tooktake考查虚拟语气。该句意为:我建议你采取措施惩罚那些对工作不负责任和对顾客不礼貌的人。suggest表示建议时,其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语为(should+)动词原形。故此处用动词原形take。9.isare考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,该句为who引导的定语从句,关系词who指代前面的those,为复数意义,且who在从句中作主语,故谓语动词用are。10.if前加it考查形式宾语。该句使用了sb. would appreciate it if.句型,表示如果某人将不胜感激。