2022-2023学年新教材高中英语 课时作业6 Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy Section Ⅲ Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study 牛津译林版必修第二册.docx

1、课时作业(六)Unit 2 Section Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study阅读理解AAccording to a recent report, about 15% of the people in the UK are members of gyms. But are they more likely to be fit?A study found that gym members were 14 times more active than people who didnt belong to any health

2、club. Gym members did six hours more exercise a week, and this activity did make them fitter than nongym members. They also spent less time sitting down every day than nongym members. The results were the same for men and women.The study included 405 people between the ages of 30 and 64, and the mai

3、n characteristics of those who were gym members were the same as those who were not. “But gym members did more training than nongym members，” said the lead author, Elizabeth Schroeder of the University of Illinois.While it might seem clear that gym members exercising more are healthier than nonmembe

4、rs, Schroeder says this has not been directly shown before. However, the study is only designed to show a tie between gym membership and more exercise. It may be that active people like to join gyms. In the study, people who exercised as much as gym members were also in good health.You can get the s

5、ame benefits wherever you exercise. This study shows a gym membership can make you do more exercise, but other research shows that exercising outside has other help. Outdoor activities can make you feel happy about lifeespecially if you run through a forest.Outdoor exercise is also more enjoyable th

6、an going to the gym. The first five minutes of outdoor exercise is especially helpful in making people feel good. But Schroeder says that a gym may also encourage greater exercise because it can be social and fun.1What did the new study find out?AGym members had healthier eating habits.BThere were f

7、ewer women gym members than men.CGym members did at least eight hours of exercise a week.DGym members were more active than nongym members.2In the study, researchers studied _.Asome sports loversB405 gym membersCpeople from different age groupsD30 gym members and 64 nongym members3Which of the follo

8、wing will Elizabeth Schroeder agree with?AWomen should do more gym exercise.BWe should be careful with outdoor training.COutdoor exercise is better than gym exercise.DIt is easier to keep exercising if you go to the gym.BIf you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life,

9、 new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers (慢跑者) and nonjoggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample gr

10、oup indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds

11、 of over 7 mph die at the same rate as nonjoggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries. Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death

12、and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triat

13、hlons and longdistance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much.”4What does the underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph

14、1 mean?ARegular. BHard. CPractical. DFlexible.5Why does the author present some figures in Paragraph 2?ATo suggest giving up jogging.BTo show risks of doing sports.CTo provide supportive evidence.DTo introduce the research process.6According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?AIt ma

15、y injure the heart and arteries.BIt can make the body tired out.CIt will bring much pressure.DIt consumes too much energy.7What can be inferred from the text?ANo exercise at all is the best choice.BMore exercise means a healthier life.CMarathons runners are least likely to die.DProper exercise contr

16、ibutes to good health.CExercise may hold the key to youth, according to a study published on Monday which showed people who keep fit are up to nine years biologically younger than those who do not. The findings are the first to show in humans how keeping fit affects the ageing process.The study of 2

17、，401 twins found that a sedentary lifestyle raises the risk of a range of problems from heart disease to cancer and appears to play a key role in the ageing process.It all appears to boil down to (归结为) the length of structures called telomeres (染色体终端)which protect the DNA on the chromosomes (染色体), t

18、he researchers from Kings College London wrote in the ArchivesofInternalMedicine.Many studies have shown telomeres get shorter over time, suggesting the cells are ageing or dying. The study, which extracted (提取) a DNA sample from their volunteers, found people who exercised more each week had longer

19、 telomeres.Exercise lowers the risk of a range of problems such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer, the researchers said. “It is not just walking around the block. It is really working up a sweat.” said Tim Spector, a genetic epidemiologist who led the study, in a telephone interview.The study fo

20、und people who exercised energetically 3 hours each week had longer telomeres and they were 9 years biologically younger than people who did under 15 minutes.Spectors team, who also adjusted for body weight, smoking, economic status and physical activity at work, also said moderate exercise for 12 h

21、ours each week provided a fouryear advantage.Studying twins also provided a unique opportunity to judge the effects of exercise on people with the same or similar genetic makeup, the researchers said.The reason why exercise has this effect is not clear but the researchers said they believe physical

22、activity somehow defends against the natural process called oxidative stress (氧化应激反应), which damages and kills cells.8What is the risk of sedentary lifestyle?AIt can cause diseases.BIt can make our cells alive.CIt can lengthen telomeres.DIt can keep us fit.9What do we know from the text?AExercising

23、can shorten the telomeres.BThe less exercise, the longer telomeres.CSitting often boils more chromosomes.DTelomeres affect human beings ageing.10What can cause ageing according to the last paragraph?A.Cells with diseases. BOxidative stress.CGenetic structure. DPhysical activities.11What is the purpo

24、se of the text?ATo introduce some exercise.BTo show how to do research.CTo encourage people to exercise.DTo advise people to lose weight.课时作业(六)阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。一项新的研究发现健身会员比非健身会员更活跃。如果你去健身房，就更容易坚持锻炼。1答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段的“A study found that gym members were 14 times more active than people who di

25、dnt belong to any health club.(一项研究发现，健身房会员的活跃程度是不属于任何健身俱乐部会员的14倍)”可推测，新研究发现健身会员比非健身会员更活跃。D项“Gym members were more active than nongym members.(健身会员比非会员更加活跃)”符合以上推测，故选D。2答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段的“The study included 405 people between the ages of 30 and 64 (这项研究包括405名年龄在30到64岁之间的人)”可知，研究人员研究了不同年龄段的人。C项“peop

26、le from different age groups (来自不同年龄段的人)”符合以上说法，故选C。3答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But Schroeder says that a gym may also encourage greater exercise because it can be social and fun.但施罗德说，健身房也可能鼓励(人们进行)更多的锻炼，因为它是充满社交和乐趣的”可知，在健身房锻炼是有趣的而且可以建立社交。故推测，伊丽莎白施罗德认为去健身房更容易坚持锻炼。D项“It is easier to keep exercising if yo

27、u go to the gym.(如果你去健身房，就更容易坚持锻炼)”符合以上推测，故选D。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。研究表明那些从事剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡概率一样，这是因为剧烈运动会损害我们的心脏和动脉。适度的运动才有助于我们的健康。4答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock.”可知，人们一般认为跑马拉松会帮助我们过上健康长寿的生活，但新的研究结果并不

28、是这样。那些从事“strenuous workout”的人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。由此可以推测“running marathons”属于“strenuous”。再根据第二段中的“because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries”可推测，strenuous exercise是指剧烈运动。strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的，强烈的”。故选B。5答案与解析：C推理判断题。第二段中的“The research suggests that people who jog more t

29、han three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as nonjoggers.(研究表明每周慢跑超过三次或时速超过7英里的人死亡率与从不慢跑者相同)”通过呈现研究数据作为证据来证明文章第一段提出的观点：做剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡率一样。故选C。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the he

30、art and arteries. Over time, this can cause serious injuries.(科学家们认为这是因为剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉的结构改变。随着时间的推移，这会造成严重的伤害)”可知，剧烈运动可能会损伤我们的心脏和动脉。故选A。7答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”和第四段Jacob Louis Marott的观点“And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much.”可知，如果目标是降

31、低死亡风险和延长寿命，以适当的速度每周慢跑几次是合适的，过度运动不仅没有必要，还可能有害。适当的运动才对我们的健康有好处。故选D。C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示，锻炼身体可能是保持年轻的关键。身体健康的人比不健康的人在生理上要年轻九岁，这一发现首次向人们展示了保持健康是如何影响衰老过程的。8答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study of 2，401 twins found that a sedentary lifestyle raises the risk of a range of problems from heart disease to cancer an

32、d appears to play a key role in the ageing process.(这项对2 401对双胞胎的研究发现，久坐不动的生活方式引发了从心脏病到癌症等一系列疾病的风险，而且在影响衰老过程中起着关键的作用)”可知，久坐不动的生活方式会导致疾病。故选A。9答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段可知，伦敦国王学院的研究人员在内科学文献中写道：“这一切似乎都归结于一种叫作染色体终端的结构的长度，它能够保护染色体上的DNA。”染色体终端影响人类的衰老。故选D。10答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The reason why exercise has this effect is not clear but the researchers said they believe physical activity somehow defends against the natural process called oxidative stress.(运动产生这种效果的原因尚不清楚，但研究人员表示，他们认为体育活动在某种程度上可以抵御氧化应激这一自然过程)”可知，氧化应激会导致衰老。故选B。11答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第一段可知，一项研究显示，锻炼身体可能是保持年轻的关键。身体健康的人比不健康的人在生理上要年轻九岁。文章的目的是鼓励人们锻炼。故选C。