高中英语人教版备课资料包：必修3 UNIT 3课件 名词性从句 .ppt

1、nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitivebe/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/lie become/get/grow/turn go/come/remain/keeptaste/smell etc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.主语 不及物动词Sh

2、e came/My head aches.主语 及物动词 宾语She likes English.主语 系动词 主语补语(表语）She is happy主语 双宾动词 间接宾语 直接宾语She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.主语 宾补动词 宾语 宾语补语She makes her mother angryThe teacher asked me to read the passage.There+beThere is a book on the desk.简单句基本句型实例简单句的基本词序主语动词部分宾语状语（谓语）方式 地点 时间Iboug

3、hta hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences:1.The world loves nature.2.Knowledge is power.3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicative 名词性从句 名词性

4、从句在功能上相当于名词主语His job is important.What he does is important.表语This is his job.This is what he does every day.宾语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位语I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）名词从句的功能相

5、当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句名词性从句noun clause主语从句subject clause宾语从句object clause表语从句predicative clause同位语从句appositive clauseWhat are noun clauses?His story is interesting.What he said is interesting.I heard his story.I heard what he said.I listen to his

6、 story.I listen to what he said.This is his story.This is what he said.The idea of going there is good.The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clausePractice time：指出下列各名词性从句的种类1.At lunchtime,the radio weatherman report

7、ed that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2.She wondered if the buses would still be running.3.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4.She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man ina dark coat.5.When we will start is not clear.6.I had no idea tha

8、t you were her friend.Object clauseObject clausePredicative clauseObject clauseSubject clauseAppositive clause名词性从句中的连接词有:连词:that/whether/as if(though);连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever /whichever，连接副词:where/when/why/how /wherever/whenever。引导词 句型转换 1.They are good doctors.He told u

9、s.2.He hadnt said anything at the meeting.The fact surprised us.He told us that they were good doctors.The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。3.Does your sister get up early?Do you know?4.Do animals have the same senses as humans?I often wonder.

10、Do you know if/whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if/whether animals have the same senses as humans.总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。5.When did he buy this new bike?Could you tell me?6.My question is this:where will the lecture be given?Could you tell me when he bought this new bik

11、e?My question is where the lecture will be given.总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。由what引导的一般看后面的表语。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。1.What we need is more time.2.What we need are more English dictionaries.Practice time.单句改错1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to

12、 all.2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules._is_hasnt_would_was_he will_English hasObject Clauses宾语从句1.I know

13、him.2.I know who he is.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾 语 从 句连词 从句主语 从句谓语主句（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句一、连词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略vLin Tao feelsLin Tao feels(that)(that)his own team is even better.his own team is even better.vShe She say

14、ssays(that)(that)she she wont wont take take part part in in the the sports sports meeting next Sunday.meeting next Sunday.vJim Jim thoughtthought(that)(that)the the train train was was like like a a big big moving party.moving party.2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（

15、2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句vIm sorry(that)I dont kn

16、ow.vWere sure(that)our team will win.vIm afraid(that)he wont pass the exam.2.2.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是一一般般疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连词词whetherwhether或或ifif引引导导（口口语语中中常常用用ifif），因因为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻译译成成：“是是否否”，具具有有一一定定的的意意义义，所所以以不不能能省略省略vLily wanted to knowLily wanted to know if/whetherif/whether her grandmaher grandma

17、liked the handbag.liked the handbag.vLets seeLets see if/whetherif/whether we can find out somewe can find out some information about that city.information about that city.vShe asked meShe asked me if/whetherif/whether she could borrowshe could borrow these books.these books.whether与if的辨用 表“是否”时，在下列

18、情况下用whether。a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式(whether to do sth.)g.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a.当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if.eg:I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.eg:I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意whether和if的使用区别Practice timeif/whether1.I a

19、sked her _ she had a bike.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所

20、以不可以省略vDo you know Do you know whatwhat he said just now?he said just now?v I dont remember I dont remember whenwhen we arrived.we arrived.v I asked him I asked him where where I could get so much money.I could get so much money.v Please tell me Please tell me who(whom)who(whom)we have to see.we hav

21、e to see.v Do you know Do you know what what time the plane leaves?time the plane leaves?带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCould you tell us Could you tell us how oftenhow often you go abroad for you go abroad for a holiday?a holiday?vCould you tell us Could you tell us how longhow long the meeting will last?the me

22、eting will last?vI dont know I dont know how farhow far it is to the cinema.it is to the cinema.vPlease tell us Please tell us how manyhow many students there are in students there are in your school?your school?vCan you tell us Can you tell us how oldhow old his brother is?his brother is?vPlease te

23、ll us Please tell us how soonhow soon you will be ready.you will be ready.vCould you tell us Could you tell us how muchhow much it costs to fly to it costs to fly to HainanHainan?二、时态1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时

24、，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vI know he lives here .I know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.I know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.2.2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一

25、一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）vI knew who lived here.I knew who lived here.vI saw she was talking with her mother.I saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come backHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.

26、tomorrow.vHe said that he had seen it.He said that he had seen it.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。vThe teacher said that the sun travels around the earth.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _ (play)basketball at six oclock yesterday

27、evening.4.I hear they _ (return)it already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)will begoeswere playinghave returnedhad been6.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)7.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)8.Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several ti

28、mes.(be)wrotehas takenhad been三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1.When will he go to the library?His brother asks when he will go to the library.His brother asks when will he go to the library.2.What does he want to buy?I dont know what he wants to buy.I dont know what does he want to buy.1could/would是

29、委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项vCould you please tell me where we show ourCould you please tell me where we show our tickets?tickets?vCould you tell us which gate we have to go to?Could you tell us which gate we have to go to?vWould you like to know when he will come back?Would you like to kno

30、w when he will come back?2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用thatvShe says(that)she will leave a message on his desk.vHe said(that)he was going to take care of the child.vHe asks if I like playing the piano.vYou may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station.3.否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为

31、think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)4.it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语:it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。We heard it that she would get married nex

32、t month.主句主句从句从句一般将来时态一般将来时态一般现在时态一般现在时态祈使句祈使句含有情态动词含有情态动词Do Do you you know know if if _back _back next next week week?If If he he _ _ back,please let me know.back,please let me know.A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes C.he will come,comes D.he will c

33、ome,will come C.he will come,comes D.he will come,will come 5.5.连词连词 if if 和和 when when 在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：CI dont know when he _(come).I cant wait here any more.When he _(come),would you please ask him to call me?will comecomes1.1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter.The young man asked _ it

34、s summer or winter.A.either B.that C.weather D.whether A.either B.that C.weather D.whether2.2.We dont know _ they did it.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which A.how B.who C.what D.which 3.3.The The teacher teacher asks asks us us _ _ Jim Jim can can come come back back on on time.tim

35、e.A.that B.if C.when D.what time A.that B.if C.when D.what time4.4.Does Does anybody anybody know know _ _ we we will will have have a a sports sports meeting this weekend or not.meeting this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.that A.if B.where C.whether D.thatDABC5.5.Could you show me _?Could

36、you show me _?A.how can I get to the station A.how can I get to the station B.where is the station B.where is the station C.how I could get to the station C.how I could get to the station D.how I can reach the station D.how I can reach the station6.Please tell me _.6.Please tell me _.A.what does he

37、like B.what he does like A.what does he like B.what he does like C.what he likes D.what he like C.what he likes D.what he like7.My sister told him _.7.My sister told him _.A.what day was it B.when the train arrived A.what day was it B.when the train arrived C.who she was waiting D.where did you live

38、 C.who she was waiting D.where did you liveCBD8.8.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is C.who is it D.who it is 9.Could you tell me how long _?9.Could you tell me how long _?A.

39、you have bought the watch A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China D.have you been a member of Greener China10.He says that if it _ tomorro

40、w,he _ fishing.10.He says that if it _ tomorrow,he _ fishing.A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go C.rains,wont go D.rain,will go C.rains,wont go D.rain,will go BCDPredicative Clauses表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,s

41、eem等。另外,常用的还有the reason why is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/as if/as though（if 不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/becauseThe question is whether we can rely on him.Thats because we were in need of money at that time

42、.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.注 意：1.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。2.一般情况下，“that”不能省。3.It is/was because.4.It is/was why.5.3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.6.4 The reason is because/whythat .名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion

43、,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.注意表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is

44、 _ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when Subject Clauses主语从句1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1).That he will succeed is certain.2)Whether he will go there

45、 is not known.3)What he said is not true.4)Where he hid the money is to be found out.5)Whoever comes is welcome.6)Its certain that he will succeed.7)How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.8)When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.考点一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式

46、主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:That we shall be late is certain.-Its certain that we shall be late.1.That the earth is round is known to all.-2.That you missed the chance is a pity.-由连词 whether 和 if,连接代词 what,who,which和连接副词 when,where,why,how 等引导.也常常后置:It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all t

47、hat the earth is round.It 的用法：（形式主语）It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚Its said/reported that.据说/据报道Its been announced/declared that.已经通知/宣布It seems/appears/happens.that显然、明显、碰巧.Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact/a common knowledge(众所周知）/a common saying.（俗话说）考点二 注意：主语

48、从句中，谓语动词一般用单数 What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定 What he needs _is_ that book.What he needs _are_ some book.what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：(1)What you said yesterday is right.(2)That she is still alive is a puzzle.What 与 that 引导主语从句由 that 引导:1.That we shall be late is certain.2._ is known

49、 to all.(地球是圆的)3._ is a pity.(你错过了这次机会)that 无意义,后接一个完整的句子.that 不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance注 意：1.What you left are only several old books.2.What you said is of great importance.3.What he says and does doesnt concern me.4.What he says and does dont agree.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whethe

50、r”引导。主语从句的“that”一般不能省。“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.That B.Why C.What D.How 2._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the Fir

51、st World.a.Which;belong to b.As,belonged to b.c.What;belonging to d.It;belonging to4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.A.water is B.that water is C.is water D.that water to 5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B.that C.what D.when6.What I say and think _ none of your bus

52、iness.A.is B.are C.has D haveAppositive Clauses同位语从句同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.n.+连接词+从句同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether 1)The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.2).Sydney kept his promise that h

53、e would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.注:1.同 位语从句多用that 引导2.在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.I have no ideawhen he will be back.how he can get the treasure.where the concert wil

54、l be hold.who can finish the work.why it happened.which pen is mine.what we should do next.whom they are talking about.whether itll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the game.1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of E

55、ngland was on a three-day visit in China./We heard the news last night._The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./There is no scient

56、ific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people,especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too m

57、uch time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people,especially kids in school.名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should+do,should 可省略He gave me

58、a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.I have heard the news that he visited our factory.I have heard the news that he told you the other day.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：1 同位语从句that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分定语从句 that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充当宾语和主语2同位语从句同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明定语从句 定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定3同位语从句that 不能省定语从句 that 在从句

59、中作宾语时，可以省Practice:判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句 1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2.The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.4.I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.同位语从句

60、定语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attribu

61、tive or AppositiveATAPAPAT1._made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A What/because B What/that C That/what D That/because2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A What/why B That/what C What/becaus

62、e D Why/that BAB3.He is absent from school.It is _ he is seriously ill.A.why B.because C.that D.the reason4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

63、A that B how C where D what DA6 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _you had a few days off?A why B when C what D where 7 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats _.A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excite

64、d AA9._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.10 A What B That C This D Which 1110.When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.12 A what B which C when D that 1311.We mad

65、e the suggestion that he _ his work.14 A continues B continue 15 C continued D had continued BAB12.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.Whomever13.Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that (05)B.1

66、4.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.(05)C.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whenever14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut.A.and he B.was that he C which he D that he B.15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.C.

67、Which B.How C.What D.That D.16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.E.A.However B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 1.Can you make sure _ the gold rings?A.where she had put B.where had she put C.where she has put D.where has she put2.The reason that has been such a succe

68、ss _ he never gives up.A.is B.is because C.is that D.is what3._ breaks the law should be punished.A Whoever b.No matter who c.anyone.d.who4.That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away.A.why B.reason why C.how D.what5.Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have.A.what;however B.that

69、;whatever C.whatever;whoever D.what;whatever6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise.A.whether B.how C.where D.which 7.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether8.Difficulty lies _ we have no

70、 money.A.that B.in that C.in the fact D.in the fact that10.I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important.A.which B.whether C.how D.why13.The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.A.which B.when C.that D.how 14._ he said at the meeting ast

71、onished everyone present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter15.I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car.A.which B.what C.when D.that 16.She received the message _ he would come by plane.A.that B.which C.what D.when17.Energy is _ makes things work.A.what B.something C.anything D.that18.O

72、ur city has changed a lot,and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago.A.what it used to be B.that it used to be C.which it used to be D.what was it19.We all know the truth _ there are air,water and sunlight,there are living things.A.wherever B.where C.that D.that wherever20.The true value of life is not in _,but_.A.how you get;that you give B.which you get;what you give C.what you get;what you give D.what do you get;what do you give21._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.ItThank you