新教材2021-2022学年高中人教版英语必修第一册学案：UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS SECTION Ⅲ　LISTENING AND TALKINGREADING FOR WRITING WORD版含解析.doc

1、Section Listening and Talking，Reading for Writing课前自主预习重点单词1_volcano_n. 火山2_erupt_vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出_eruption_ n. 爆发；喷出3_supply_n. 供应(量)；补给；pl. 补给品vt. 供应；供给_supplier_ n. 供应商4_typhoon_n. 台风5_survive_vi. 生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过_survivor_n. 幸存者_survival_n. 幸存；残存；残存物6_power_n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力_powerful_a

2、dj. 强大的；猛烈的；有势力的7_pipe_n. 管子；管道8_emergency_n. 突发事件；紧急情况9_calm_adj. 镇静的；沉着的vt. 使平静；使镇静_calmly_adv. 镇静地；沉着地10_aid_n. 援助；帮助；救援物资vi. & vt. (formal)帮助；援助11_kit_n. 成套工具；成套设备12_crash_vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞击n. 撞车；碰撞13_sweep_vt. & vi. (swept，swept)打扫；清扫14_wave_n. 海浪；波浪vi. & vt. 挥手；招手15_strike_vt. & vi. (struck，struc

3、k/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击_striker_n. 罢工者；前锋；射手16_deliver_vt. & vi. 递送；传达vt. 发表_delivery_n. 发表；递送17_summary_n. 总结；概括；概要18_effect_n. 影响；结果；效果_effective_ adj. 有效的；实际的19_length_n. 长；长度_long_ adj. 长的；长久的重点短语1wake _up_唤醒；叫醒2put _up_搭起；张贴3_in_ the open air露天；在户外4_on_ hand现有(尤指帮助)；临近；在手边5more _than_超过；

4、多于6sweep _away_消灭；彻底消除7stand _at_达到特定水平(或数量、高度等)8as many _as_多达；之多9pay attention _to_注意10carry _out_执行；实施重点句型1The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，_killing_more than 6,500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and

5、 at least four other countries. 昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少四个其他国家6 500多人死亡。2Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves _caused_ by the strong earthquake _that_ reached a magnitude of 90渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被这场达到90级的强震引发的巨浪卷走了。3I _was having_ breakfast w

6、ith my three children _when_ water started filling my home. 我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，突然海水冲入了我家。课文预读Read the text on Page 54 and then choose the best answers. 1Whats the main idea of the passage？_A_ASomething about the most powerful tsunami in Asia. BThe cause of the most powerful tsunami in Asia. CThe loss of t

7、he most powerful tsunami in Asia. DHow to rescue ourselves in times of disaster. 2What caused the tsunami？_D_AThe hurricane. BThe typhoon. CThe flood. DThe earthquake. 3What is the magnitude of the earthquake that happened on December 27,2004？_B_A70B90C75D604Why were food and supplies hard to delive

8、r？_C_ABecause there were not enough food and supplies. BBecause rescue teams dared not go. CBecause conditions were hard and roads were destroyed. DBecause governments didnt organize rescue teams. 课内要点探究重 点 单 词1supply n. 供应(量)；补给；pl. 补给品vt. 供应；供给典型例句The village tribe is friendly and they share their

9、 water supply with you. 村里的部落很友善，他们会和你一起分享水源。We will supply you with the crop you require. 我们会向你们提供所需的农作物。思维拓展(1)a supply of 的供应；一批in short supply供应不足supply and demand供求关系(2)向某人提供某物易混辨析不同的“提供”，不同的介词supplysupply sb. with sth. /supply sth. to sb. provideprovide sb. with sth. /provide sth. for sb. offe

10、roffer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. 即学即练单句语法填空At the beginning of the semester，students _are supplied_ (supply) with a list of books that they are expected to read. They will supply us _with_ technology in support without asking for anything in return. This book will supply some scientific methods _t

11、o_ us in English learning. Our school library can provide all kinds of good books _for_ students. Finally，the manager offered a good job _to_ me. 句型转换We should provide some help for them. We should _supply/offer_ some help _to_ them. We should _supply/provide_ them _with_ some help. We should _offer

12、_ them some help. 2survive vi. 生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难渡过；比某人长寿典型例句She survived her husband by twenty years. 她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。Only two passengers survived the air crash. 这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于难。 Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有许多奇怪的习俗是从早年留存下来的。思维拓展(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从中挺过来/活过来A survive B (by)A比B

13、活得长survive on依靠生存下来survive from从存活下来；流传下来(2)survivor n. 幸存者(3)survival n. U幸存；C残存物误区警示survive表示“幸存；幸免于”时为及物动词，其后直接加宾语，不可再加介词in/from/after。即学即练单句语法填空(20211月浙江高考卷)But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I _survived_ (survive). The old lady has survived all her sisters and brother

14、s _by_ ten years. I dont know how you all manage to survive _on_ such little money. After he _survived_ the earthquake, the old man became one of the few _survivors_ of the family. (survive)3power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力典型例句The power of the governments has increased greatly over the past century. 近一个世纪以来，

15、政府的权力大大增强了。He turned on the power and the machine worked. 他打开电源，机器就工作了。思维拓展have the power to do sth. 有能力/权力做某事beyond ones power超出能力；无能为力within/in ones power在某人的控制下come into/to power开始执政in power在任powerful adj. 强有力的；强大的；有权的；强健的powerless adj. 无力的；无权的；无效能的易混辨析power，strength与force这三个名词都有“力量”的意思，但使用范围不完全相

16、同。power“力量”，含义最广，指政治力量或能力；strength 指某人或某物所具有的内在力量，可指体力、力气；force可指物质或精神力量。多指为做成某事而使用的力量，也可指武力。Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。The boy gathered his strength to get up. 那个男孩聚集力量站了起来。The release of hostages could not be achieved without the use of force. 不使用武力不可能解救人质。即学即练单句语法填空Youre a _powerful_ (power) manp

17、eople will listen to you. I have to admit that Im _powerless_ (power) to cure this terrible disease. Now Ive got him _in_ my power, and I can make him do anything I want. They have been given special powers _to deal_ (deal) with such a situation. A new political party has come _into_ power. 4calm ad

18、j. 镇静的；平静的；沉着的vt. 使平静；使镇静典型例句I took a deep breath to calm myself down. 我深吸一口气使自己平静下来。After the storm, it became calm again. 暴风雨过后，天气又恢复了平静。思维拓展calm () down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来keep/stay/be calm 保持镇静calmly adv. 平静地易混辨析calm，silent, quiet与stillcalm“平静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动silent“寂静的；沉默的；不出声的”，指没有声音或不讲话quiet“宁静

19、的；安静的”，指无声、不吵闹或心里无烦恼still“静止的；不动的”，指没有动作或运动的状态When facing danger, one should keep calm; when taken photos of, one should keep still; when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet; in class, one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions. 一个人面对危险时，应该保持镇静；照相时，应该保持不动；他人睡觉时，应保持安静；在课堂上，对老师的问题

20、不应保持沉默。即学即练单句语法填空We tried to calm him _down_，but he kept shouting. “I can quite understand that，” he said_calmly_ (calm). 选词填空(calm/quiet/silent/still)Please keep _quiet_ while others are studying. He couldnt speak English and was completely _silent_ during the visit. He remained _calm_ throughout t

21、he earthquake. Standing _still_ for hours would be very difficult. 5aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资vi. & vt. (formal)帮助；援助典型例句A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid without hesitation. 一位男士毫不犹豫地冲过去对那女孩进行急救。I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me how to go. 我不会说法语，

22、但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。We may travel with the aid of a good map. 我们可以靠着好的地图旅行。He was determined to aid the poor boy in continuing his study. 他决定要帮助这个可怜的男孩继续他的学业。Her mother aided her to dress. 她母亲帮她穿衣服。思维拓展(1)give sb. first aid对某人进行急救perform first aid施行急救come/go to ones aid帮助某人with the aid of在的帮助下(2)ai

23、d sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面帮助某人aid sb. with sth. 以某事帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事即学即练单句语法填空_With_ the aid of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term. Toms uncle aided him _in_ getting a new job. A dictionary can aid him _to learn_ (learn) English well. They aided the poor _wit

24、h_ food and clothes. 一句多译我帮助他继续做他的研究。_I aided him to continue his research_. (aid sb. to do)_I aided him in continuing his research_. (aid sb. in doing)_I aided him with his research_. (aid sb. with)6sweep vt. & vi. (swept，swept)打扫；清扫典型例句Heavy floods swept away houses and took away the lives of many

25、. 猛烈的洪水冲走了房屋并带走了许多人的生命。The poor women of the area were employed to sweep up after office hours. 该地区的贫苦妇女们被雇来每天下班后打扫卫生。思维拓展sweep away消灭；彻底消除sweep over涌上心头；扫视sweep up清扫即学即练单句语法填空We would like to be able to sweep _away_ those harmful rumors (谣言). Lets pile up the fallen leaves in the corner and sweep _

26、up_ the floor. His eyes swept _over_ the fields and saw a dam in the distance. 7wave n. 海浪；波浪vi. & vt. 挥手；招手典型例句The third wave was so strong that it knocked me backwards. 第三次波浪太大了，把我打了回去。The mother waved to her son till the bus was out of sight. 那位妈妈一直向她儿子挥手，直到看不到公共汽车为止。My mother was crying as I wav

27、ed goodbye to her. 当我挥手跟母亲说再见时，她哭了。思维拓展(1)radio waves无线电波give sb. a wave向某人挥手a wave of一阵(2)wave to/at向招手wave (to) sb. to do sth. 挥手示意某人做某事wave sb. goodbyewave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别巧学助记即学即练单句语法填空They looked very happy when she waved _to/at_ them. _A_ wave of happiness flooded me. I waved to him _to

28、keep_ (keep) away, but he continued to advance. I waved goodbye _to_ him, but he ignored. 8strike vt. & vi. (struck, struck /stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工n. 罢工；罢课；袭击典型例句When the clock struck five，the strike started. 当钟敲响了五点，罢工开始了。It strikes me that none of them trusts each other. 我突然想到他们当中没有一个人信赖对方。Great dam

29、age has been caused by the tornado which struck the area last week. 上周侵袭这一地区的龙卷风造成了巨大的损失。思维拓展It strikes/struck sb. that(某人)突然想到be struck by被打动/迷住了strikeinto ones heart使刻骨铭心strike sb. 介词in/onthe身体部位 打某人的某处be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工striker n. 罢工者；前锋；射手名师点津多种含义的strikestrike的含义有很多，作动词时，还可以表示“撞击；敲(钟

30、等)；踢(球等)；使打动；突然想到；照射；擦(火柴)；弹奏；铸造(硬币)等”。即学即练写出下列句子中strike的汉语意思The clock has just struck 10_敲(钟)_He hit me，so I struck him back. _击打_The girl struck a match and lit a candle. _擦(火柴)_She was struck by his kindness. _打动_They have been on strike for several days. _罢工_A big earthquake struck the area last

31、 week. _袭击_单句语法填空The coal miners decided to go _on_ strike for better working conditions. An apple fell off the tree and struck him on _the_ head. 完成句子_It suddenly struck me that_ you had known the truth all the time. 我突然想到你早就知道真相了。9deliver vt. & vi. 递送；传达；助产；接生vt. 发表；生产；给接生典型例句Would you deliver my

32、message to your mother?你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？He delivered an important report at the meeting. 他在会上做了重要报告。思维拓展(1)deliver sth. (to sb. )投递/传送某物(给某人)deliver a speech发表演说deliver a baby接生deliver sb. /sth. over to sb. 把某人/物移交给某人(2)delivery n. 传递； 交付；递送；分娩；演讲名师点津拒绝双宾语的deliverdeliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb. sth. ，只能说

33、deliver sth. to sb. 。即学即练单句语法填空He delivered my message _to_ his brother. 写出黑体部分的含义She had gone to a neighbouring village to deliver a baby. _接生_John was asked to deliver a speech at the meeting. _发表_The morning mail has already been delivered. _递送_10effect n. 影响；结果；效果典型例句The rain has had a very bad

34、effect on the crops. 这场雨极其严重地影响了庄稼的生长。The traffic laws wont take effect until the end of the year. 交通法要到年底才生效。Do you know if the sleeping pill has its side effect?你知道安眠药是否有副作用吗？思维拓展(1)have an/no effect on对有/没有影响putinto effect使生效come into effect开始生效take effect生效in effect实际上side effect副作用(2)effective

35、adj. 有效的即学即练单句语法填空What you say or do will have an effect _on_ others. The clothes are _effective_ (effect) in keeping cool in warm weather. 用effect的相关短语填空_In effect_，the government has lowered taxes for the rich and raised them for the poor. This medicine has no _side effect_ on your health. The mor

36、phine(吗啡) was starting to _take effect_ and the pain eased. 完成句子The new law has _come into effect/been put into effect_ and it will surely _have a great effect on_ the daily life of the people. 新法律已经生效，它一定会对人们的日常生活产生很大的影响。重 点 短 语1on hand现有(尤指帮助)；临近；在手边典型例句There was simply no cash on hand to meet the

37、 cost of food. 手头实在没有现金可以购买食品。We have nobody on hand to repair your car. 我们现在没有人能修你的车。思维拓展(1)by hand用手；靠人工at hand在手边；即将到来hand in hand手拉手；连在一起地on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面give sb. a hand帮某人一个忙(2)hand in交上；提交hand out分发hand over交出；移交hand on移交；传递下去即学即练单句语法填空When I was in trouble they gave me

38、_a_ hand. Shoes were once made _by_ hand, but now they are made on machines. The little boy walks hand _in_ hand with his mother. He has too much work _on_ hand to go picnicking with us. On _the_ other hand, students should correct their mistakes. 2carry out执行；实施；实现；完成典型例句The school is carrying out

39、a new plan. 学校正在执行一项新的计划。We should carry out the decisions and check up on the results. 我们应执行决议并检查执行结果。思维拓展carry off夺走carry on继续carry through把进行到底即学即练单句语法填空Some policies (政策) cant _be carried_ (carry) out because of some reasons. The team hopes to carry _out_ that study this year. 重 点 句 型1The most p

40、owerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries. 昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少四个其他国家6 500多人死亡。(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是The m

41、ost powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami；that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词a tsunami，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语；killing more thanfour other countries是现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。(2)现在分词短语作结果状语时表示自然而然的结果，它常常位于句末，可以扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。His father died，leaving him a lot of money

42、(and left him a lot of money). 他的爸爸去世了，留给他很多钱。Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay(and thus it caused the delay). 他们的车困在了交通阻塞中，因而耽误了。误区警示现在分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语应保持一致。听到这个消息，他脸红了。(正)Hearing the news，he turned red. (误)Hearing the news，his face turned red. (his face不能发出hearing这个动作)思维拓展不

43、定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，且其前可加only表示强调。We hurried to the station，only to find that the train had left. 我们匆匆忙忙地赶去车站，结果发现火车已经走了。即学即练单句语法填空He lifted the rock only _to drop_ (drop) it on his own feet. He cut off the electricity in time, _preventing_ (prevent) an accident. He did his homework carelessly, _maki

44、ng_ (make) a lot of mistakes. They reached the company out of breath only _to be told_ (tell) they were fired. European football is played in more than 80 countries，_making_ (make) it the most popular sport. 2Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong

45、 earthquake that reached a magnitude of 90渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被这场达到90级的强震引发的巨浪卷走了。(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves；caused by the strong earthquake是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词huge waves，相当于定语从句that/which were caused by the strong earthquake；that reached a magn

46、itude of 90是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词earthquake，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。(2)过去分词(短语)作定语的用法：A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body. 均衡的饮食为你的身体提供营养。Have you read the novels written by Dickens(which were written by Dickens)?你读过狄更斯写的小说吗？即学即练单句语法填空You cannot accept an opinion _offered_ (offer) to you unless i

47、t is based on facts. The boy _called_ (call) Tom is my brother. The book，_written_ (write) in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners. 3I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，突然海水冲入了我家。句中 when 用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，相当于 and then 或 and just at that tim

48、e。We were discussing the maths problem when the headmaster came in. 我们正在讨论数学问题，这时校长进来了。思维拓展when 作并列连词时的常见句式：误区警示when 作并列连词时，通常不能位于句首；句型中的 be 通常为 was/were；when后句子中谓语动词通常用一般过去时。She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. 她正在做饭，这时有人敲门。I was about to start when it began to rain. 我正要动身，这时下雨了。They w

49、ere on the point of leaving when the power was cut off. 他们正要离开，这时突然停电了。I had just finished reading the novel when my father came in. 我刚读完这本小说，这时父亲进来了。即学即练单句语法填空The girl was walking along the beach _when_ a beautiful bird caught her eye. I had just finished my work _when_ she came in. I _was watching

50、_ (watch) the football match when he came in. 完成句子He _was just about to speak when_ I stopped him. 他刚要说，我把他给拦住了。I _was walking along the street when_ someone called me from behind. 我正沿着街道走，忽然后面有人喊我。随堂达标验收单句语法填空1You should pay attention _to_ the signs when you are driving. 2He is terribly excited. We

51、 must try to calm him _down_. 3I always like to keep a certain amount of money _on_ hand. 4I can think of a number of ways _to carry_ (carry) out this plan. 5The snake _killed_ (kill) in the field was picked up by a boy. 6She gets as many _as_ eight thousand letters a month. 7We were about to go for

52、 a picnic _when_ it began to rain. 8Our English teacher makes _it_ interesting to learn English. 9Jack was working in the lab _when_ the light went out. 10They can eat a person in two minutes，_leaving_ (leave)only bones. 选词填空in the open air，on hand，calm down，sweep away，have an effect on，in summary，a

53、t length，come to ones aid，come into power，crash into1That boat was _swept away_ by the rush of the river. 2_In summary_，my hometown is a place which is worth visiting. 3Having learned that I was in trouble, he _came to my aid_ immediately. 4The king of the state died and his son _came into power_. 5

54、Zhao said she was first very angry, but has since _calmed down_. 6After discussion, the students came to understand it _at length_. 7We sleep out under the stars, and eat our meals _in the open air_. 8Every word from the parents will _have an effect on_ the child. 9A runaway car rolled down a hill a

55、nd _crashed into_ ten cars. 10Youd better have the necessary medicine _on hand_. 完成句子1I think _it possible to work out_ the problem in another way. 我认为用另外一种方式解决这个问题是可能的。2They will give us some help, _if possible_. 如果可能的话，他们会给我们一些帮助。3The old man _found himself stolen_ in the market. 这位老人发现自己在市场上被偷了。4

56、The fire lasted nearly two days, _leaving nothing valuable_. 大火持续了几乎两天，没剩下值钱的东西。5I _was walking along the river when_ I heard a boy crying for help. 我正沿着河边走，突然听到了一个男孩的呼救声。课文与语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On 26 December 2004, a tsunami caused by the _1most powerful_ (powerful) earthquake in the

57、 past 40 years crashed _2into_ coastlines across Asia, _3causing_ (cause) more than 6,500 deaths. The undersea quake _4struck_ (strike) off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island, killing at least 1,870 people in that area. In Sri Lanka, about 2,498 people were killed and one million more _5wer

58、e affected_ (affect) by the tsunami. As many as 1,900 people died along the southern coast in India. Another 254 were found _6dead_ (death) and many more were hurt _7or_ missing in Thailand. Thousands of people are still missing and the number of deaths is expected _8to grow_ (grow). The damage caused by tsunami will make _9it_ difficult to deliver food and supplies to _10survivors_ (survive).