Unit 2 Morals and Virtues单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

1、 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)单词变形1. moral adj. 道德的; 道义上的_ adv. 道义上; 道德上 _ adj. 不道德的; 邪恶的2. precious adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的 _ adv. 过分讲究地; 昂贵地3. marry v. (和某人)结婚; 嫁; 娶 _ adj. 已婚的_ n. 结婚; 婚姻4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 _ n. 大部分; 大多数5. complain v. 抱怨; 埋怨; 发牢骚 _ n. 不满的原因; 抱怨; 埋怨6. respond v. 回

2、答; 回应 _ n. 回答; 答复7. appoint v. 任命; 委任; 安排 _ n. 约会; 约定; 任命 _ adj. 被任命的8. tense adj. 神经紧张的; 担心的 _ n. 紧张9. retire v. (使)退休 _ adj. 已退休的_ n. 退休10. scare v. 使惊吓; 使害怕 _ adj. 吓人的 _ adj. 害怕的重点词组1. _道德困境2. _ 易于做某事; 往往会发生某事3. _ 含着泪; 流着泪4. _ 被绊倒5. _ 帮助某人渡过难关6. _ 帮助某人脱离(困境)7. _ 作为对的纪念8. _ 处于绝望中9. _ 大量10. _ 去世一、用

3、单词的适当形式完成句子1Aaron Copland was always the most _ (energy) promoter of American music. 2_(watch) the sheep move slowly on the hill, we felt amazed. 3The turkey was scared _ at the sight of us.4The other day a _ (retire) couple came to my office. 5Despite the variety of injuries, several _(principle) o

4、f first aid can apply to all emergencies. 6He has agreed to struggle on, though he hopes to retire _ his position. 7The modern furniture designs tend _ simplicity. 8I hate to rush you, but I have another _ (appoint). 9Although writing a _ (reject) letter can be difficult, there are situations where

5、its absolutely necessary. 10He always complains _ having to do so much paperwork.11Tom and I have something in common: we both major _ engineering. 12If we make the same choice as the_ (major), it will greatly reduce the risk of making wrong choices. 13But there are still some dishes that Dad dare n

6、ot try even after many years of _ (marry) to my mother. 14Is it possible that human workers _ (replace) by robots in the near future? 15The product was developed in _ (respond) to customer demand. 16With winter_(approach), many animals are storing food. 17_ (judge) from her last letter, they had a w

7、onderful time there. 18You could feel the _(tense) in the waiting room as the patients waited for their exam results. 19Not only Alice but also Jane and Mary _(appoint) as managers of the local stores since they won the national sales competition at the end of October. 20Mother called to ask whether

8、 the money could cover the doctors_(fee). 21We expressed our congratulations to him on his winning the _(elect)22The doctors were conducting an_(operate) on the man rescued from the traffic accident. 23The visitors stood on top of Mount Tai, _(enjoy)the rising sun. 24The staff _(be) working on final

9、 arrangements for the conference. 25The nurses were tending_ those injured by firecrackers. （用适当的词填空）26Sometimes modern farming methods have done great _ (harmful) to the environment of the countryside. 27Their_(marry) ended in divorce in 2021 because of conflicting personality. 28She immediately be

10、came the first woman ever_ (hire) as a resident physician. 29_(represent) our school, Im glad to tell you something about these activities. 30Hes in hospital, _(recover) from a heart attack. 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31Ive learned English for more than eight years and I am familiar with computer _(操作). 32She ofte

11、n _ (抱怨) about not feeling appreciated at work.33Children hope that their parents can be more _ (灵活的)so that they can make their own choices what to do in their spare time.34Our plan needs to be _ (灵活的) enough to meet the need of everybody.35My grandpa is as_(充满活力的)as a young man and hates sitting a

12、round doing nothing at all. 36The last _ (十年) of the eighteenth century was a time of great social change. 37The _(大多数) of the students have finished their work on time. 38Though he failed many times in _ (选举), he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA39Thank you for contri

13、buting generously to the _ (奖学金) fund. 40He is good at long-term_(记忆). 41We laughed and that helped ease the_(紧张). 42One species of tree _(取代) another as a forest ages. 43Nobody in _(绝望) suffers from Problems, but from his own inner torment and fire. 44A film will be made in _ of (纪念) those brave fi

14、refighters. 45In order to complete the project in advance, I will go there to _ (协助) him in doing the work.三、完成句子46我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。(一句多译)(1)Our monitor will _ to attend the meeting.(2)Our monitor will attend the meeting _.(3)Our monitor will _ to attend the meeting.47为了纪念你的成功，我想向你表示最热烈的祝贺。I would

15、 like to express my warmest _ _ _ _ your success.48I helped an old lady who_by a fallen branch on the road. (根据汉语提示完成句子)我帮助了一位被路上树枝绊倒的老妇人。49中国是个发展国家，属于第三世界。China is a developing country, _ _ the third world.50听到这个消息，我们都高兴得跳了起来。_ _ _, we all jumped with joy.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单

16、词的正确形式。Lin Qiaozhi is a great Chinese doctor whose life is full of difficult choices. _51_ (deep) affected by her mothers death, when she was 18, she insisted _52_ studying medicine rather than step into a _53_ (tradition) marriage. After graduating from PUMC, Lin became the first woman _54_ (hire)

17、as a resident physician. In 1939, she studied in the US _55_ she was invited to stay because of her outstanding performance. However, Lin chose to come back to serve her motherland. Unfortunately, in 1941, the hospital closed due to the outbreak of the war. _56_ (consider) the people in trouble, she

18、 chose to open a private clinic and charged very low fees. Lin _57_ (prefer) to tend patients and write essays rather than retire and she took _58_ (responsible) for all her patients. She played _59_ important role in the development of Chinese OB-GYN. She chose to be single all her life and devoted

19、 all her time to the career. It is Lin Qiaozhi _60_ deserves the title-Mother of Ten Thousand Babies.参考答案：拓展单词1. moral adj. 道德的; 道义上的morally adv. 道义上; 道德上 immoral adj. 不道德的; 邪恶的2. precious adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的 preciously adv. 过分讲究地; 昂贵地3. marry v. (和某人)结婚; 嫁; 娶 married adj. 已婚的marriage n. 结婚; 婚姻4. major ad

20、j. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 majority n. 大部分; 大多数5. complain v. 抱怨; 埋怨; 发牢骚 complaint n. 不满的原因; 抱怨; 埋怨6. respond v. 回答; 回应 response n. 回答; 答复7. appoint v. 任命; 委任; 安排 appointment n. 约会; 约定; 任命 appointed adj. 被任命的8. tense adj. 神经紧张的; 担心的 tension n. 紧张9. retire v. (使)退休 retired adj. 已退休的retirement n. 退休10. scare v.

21、 使惊吓; 使害怕 scaring adj. 吓人的 scared adj. 害怕的核心短语1. moral dilemma道德困境2. tend to do sth. 易于做某事; 往往会发生某事3. in tears 含着泪; 流着泪4. trip over 被绊倒5. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关6. help sb. out of 帮助某人脱离(困境)7. in memory of 作为对的纪念8. in despair 处于绝望中9. a great deal (of) 大量10. pass away 去世1energetic【详解】考查形容词。句意

22、：亚伦科普兰一直是美国音乐最积极的推动者。由空前most以及空后promoter名词可知，此处为形容词energetic“积极的”，作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填energetic。2Watching【详解】考查现在分词。句意：看着羊在山上慢慢地移动，我们感到惊讶。本句已有动词felt，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词与主句主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Watching。3away#off【详解】考查固定短语。句意：火鸡一看见我们就被吓跑了。短语be scared away/off表示“吓跑”，故填away/off。4retir

23、ed【详解】考查形容词。句意：前几天，一对退休夫妇来到我的办公室。根据句意和所给动词retire以及空格后的名词couple可知，空格处应该填入retire的形容词形式retired“退休的”作定语，修饰后面的名词couple。故填retired。5principles【详解】考查名词复数。句意：尽管受伤的情况多种多样，但几种急救原则适用于所有的紧急情况。根据空前的several，设空处应用名词复数principles，意为“原则”，作主语。故填principles。6from【详解】考查介词。句意：他同意继续奋斗，尽管他希望退休。此处考查动词短语retire from.，意为“从退休”，设空

24、处应用介词from，后接宾语his position。故填from。7towards【详解】考查介词。句意：现代家具设计趋向于简洁。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语tend towards，意为“趋向于”，故空格处应用介词towards。故填towards。8appointment【详解】考查名词。句意：我不想催你，但我另有约会。作宾语，应用名词appointment，且由another修饰应用单数形式。故填appointment。9rejection【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管写一封拒信很难，但有些情况下非常有必要。此处为名词作定语修饰另外一个名词，说明被修饰名词的用途、内容、类别等

25、。信的内容是拒绝申请，故此处需要填reject的名词形式。故填rejection。10about【详解】考查介词。句意：他总是抱怨不得不做这么多文书工作。根据前文“complains”及后文“having to do so much paperwork”可知，此处需要介词。Complain about doing sth表示“抱怨做某事”，符合句意。故填about。11in【详解】考查介词。句意：汤姆和我有共同点：我们都主修工程学。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语major in，意为“主修”，故空格处应用介词in。故填in。12majority【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们做出与大

26、多数人相同的选择，就会大大降低做出错误选择的风险。作宾语，应用名词majority，此处the majority表示“大多数人”。故填majority。13marriage【详解】考查名词。句意：但还是有一些菜，即使在和我妈妈结婚多年后，爸爸也不敢尝试。分析句子可知，介词of后面应加名词，marriage to sb表“与某人结婚”，为固定搭配。故填marriage。14will be replaced【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：有没有可能在不久的将来人类工人将会被机器人取代？分析句意可知此处主语human workers “人类工人”和谓语动词replace“取代”构成被动关系，且时间状

27、语in the near future表明谓语动词使用一般将来时，故谓语动词需要使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be replaced。15response【详解】考查名词。句意：该产品的研发是为了回应客户的需求。根据介词“in”可知，空格需要填名词或者动名词作宾语，根据句意，这里表示“回答，回应”，故用固定短语in response to。故填response。16approaching【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冬天的临近，许多动物都在储存食物。此处是with复合结构，winter和approach之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语，表主动。故填approaching

28、。17Judging【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从她的上一封信来看，他们在那里过得很愉快。固定搭配judging from (从判断)，首字母大写，现在分词作状语。故填Judging。18tension【详解】考查名词。句意：当病人等待检查结果时，你可以感觉到候诊室里的紧张气氛。作宾语，应用名词tension，不可数。故填tension。19have been appointed【详解】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：自从十月底赢得全国销售竞赛以来，不仅爱丽丝，简和玛丽也被任命为当地商店的经理。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和连词since判断主句为现在完成时；not only.but als

29、o.连接并列主语时，符合就近原则，谓语动词的形式和最近的主语保持一致，该句和Jane and Mary保持一致，且主语和appoint之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。综上，故填have been appointed。20fees【详解】考查名词的数。句意：母亲打电话问这笔钱能否支付医药费。fee为可数名词，此处表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填fees。21election【详解】考查名词。句意：我们对他当选表示祝贺。根据句意和空格前的冠词the以及所给动词elect可知，空格处应该填入elect的名词形式election，作动词win的宾语。故填election。22operatio

30、n【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们正在给从交通事故中被救出的那个人做手术。根据前文不定冠词an可知，此处应用所给词的名词operation单数形式作宾语。故填operation。23enjoying【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：游客站在泰山顶，欣赏着日出。根据句子分析可知，此处做状语，与主语the visitors之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词做状语，故填enjoying。24is【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：工作人员正在为会议做最后的安排。根据working和句意可知，此处表示正在为会议做准备，应用现在进行时，句子的主语staff意为“工作人员”，其代表人员的总称，为集合名词，表示单数意义

31、。故填is。25to【详解】考查介词。句意：护士们正在照顾那些被鞭炮炸伤的人。tend to是固定短语，意为“照顾；护理”。故填to。26harm【详解】考查名词。句意：有时现代农业方法对农村环境造成了极大的危害。根据句子结构分析，此处作do的宾语，用名词形式，do harm to对有危害，固定搭配，harm“危害”不可数名词。故填harm。27marriage【详解】考查名词。句意：两人因性格矛盾，于2021年离婚。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作主语，marry对应的名词为marriage“婚姻”，特指他们俩的婚姻，名词需用单数。故填marriage。28to be hired【详解】考查

32、不定式作定语。句意：她马上成为第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。本句已有谓语，hire用非谓语；woman被序数词first修饰时，应用不定式作定语；woman与hire之间是被动关系，故应用不定式的被动式；故填to be hired。29Representing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴代表我们学校向大家介绍这些活动。分析句子可知，空格处填入非谓语动词，represent与其逻辑主语I构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Representing30recovering【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在住院，刚从心脏病发作中恢复过来。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，

33、recover与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填recovering。31operation【详解】考查名词。句意：我学英语已经八年多了，而且我对电脑操作很熟悉。根据提示可知应填名词operation，作宾语，不可数。故填operation。32complains【详解】考查动词。句意：她经常抱怨在工作中得不到赏识。根据often可知，用一般现在时。主语是She，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填complains。33flexible【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们希望他们的父母可以更灵活，这样他们就可以自己选择在业余时间做什么。根据汉语意思提示可知

34、，此处为形容词flexible“灵活的”，作表语。故填flexible。34flexible【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划需要足够灵活，以满足每个人的需要。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词flexible，作表语。故填flexible。35energetic【详解】考查形容词。句意：我爷爷像年轻人一样精力充沛，讨厌无所事事地坐着。根据汉语提示“精力充沛的”，以及上文is 可知此处应填形容词energetic作表语，构成系表结构。故填energetic。36decade 【详解】考查名词。句意：18世纪的最后十年是社会大变革的时期。形容词last后接名词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填decade

35、。37majority【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数学生都按时完成了他们的作业。根据括号内词义，“大多数”可译为majority，短语the majority of表示“大多数”。故填majority。38election【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然他在选举中多次失败，但他从未失去信心，最后他当选为美国总统。根据汉语提示及空前介词in可知，此处使用名词election，作宾语。故填election。39scholarship【详解】考查名词。句意：谢谢你对奖学金基金的慷慨捐助。根据汉语提示“奖学金”和名词fund可知，此处需填名词scholarship作定语。故填scholarship。40m

36、emory【详解】考查名词。句意：他擅长长期记忆。表示“记忆”应用名词memory作介词at的宾语，句中是抽象名词，不可数。故填memory。41tension【详解】考查名词。句意：我们笑了，这有助于缓解紧张的气氛。根据汉语提示“紧张”及前文the可知，此处应用名词tension(不可数)作宾语。故填tension。42replaces【详解】考查动词。句意：随着森林年龄的增长，一种树木取代了另一种树木。空处是主句谓语，“取代”应用动词replace，且由动词ages和句意可知，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是One species of tree，为单数，故填replaces。4

37、3despair【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人会因为问题而绝望，而是因为他内心的折磨和火焰。空格处用名词作宾语，“绝望”的名词是despair，in despair意为“在绝望中”，故填despair。44memory【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：一部为纪念那些勇敢的消防队员的电影将要被拍摄。固定搭配in memory of，表示“为纪念”的意思。故填memory。45assist【详解】考查动词。句意：为了提前完成项目，我将去那里协助他工作。动词不定式后用动词原形，根据汉语提示是assist，assist somebody in doing表示“协助某人做某事”。故填assist。46 tak

38、e the place of our head teacher#replace our head teacher in place of our head teacher take our head teachers place【详解】1.考查固定短语、动词和名词。根据汉语提示，“代替某人”可以用固定短语take the place of 或动词replace表示；“我们的班主任”翻译为our head teacher；再由空格前的will可知，空格处应该用动词原形。故填take the place of our head teacher或replace our head teacher。2.

39、考查固定短语和名词。分析句子可知，空格前的部分是完整的主谓宾结构，所以空格处只能用介词短语in place of somebody表达“代替某人”；“我们的班主任”翻译为our head teacher。故填in place of our head teacher。3.考查固定短语和名词。根据汉语提示，“代替某人”可以用固定短语take ones place表示；“我们的班主任”翻译为our head teacher；再由空格前的will可知，空格处应该用动词原形。故填take our head teachers place47 congratulation in memory of【详解】考

40、查名词和介词短语。本处表示“祝贺”可用名词congratulation作宾语；表示“为纪念”可用介词短语in memory of；故填congratulationinmemoryof。48tripped over【详解】考查固定搭配。分析可知，表示过去发生的事情用一般过去时，被绊倒trip over，所以用过去时，故填tripped over。49 belonging to【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语belong to“属于”，作伴随状语，应用非谓语动词，它和逻辑主语China之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填belonging；to。50Hearin

41、g the news【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“jumped”其句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“hear”意为“听到”，动词词性，句子主语“we”和“hear”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“hear”的现在分词“hearing”作状语，“news”意为“消息”，为不可数名词，前面用定冠词“the”修饰，表特指，句首单词首字母大写，故空格处应填“Hearing the news”。故填Hearing the news。51Deeply52on53traditional54to be hired55where56Considering57preferred58resp

42、onsibility59an60who#that【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是林巧稚的生平和成就。51考查副词。句意：母亲的去世深深影响了她，18岁时，她坚持学医，而不是步入传统的婚姻。空格处用副词修饰动词affected，deep的副词是deeply，意为“深深地”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Deeply。52考查介词和固定短语。句意：母亲的去世深深影响了她，18岁时，她坚持学医，而不是步入传统的婚姻。insist on doing是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，故填on。53考查形容词。句意：母亲的去世深深影响了她，18岁时，她坚持学医，而不是步入传统的婚姻。空格处用形容词trad

43、itional作定语，修饰名词marriage，traditional意为“传统的”，故填traditional。54考查不定式和被动语态。句意：从协和医科大学毕业后，林成为了第一个被聘为住院医师的女性。woman前有序数词the first，空格处用不定式作后置定语，林是被聘，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be hired，故填to be hired。55考查定语从句。句意：1939年，她在美国留学，由于她的出色表现，她被邀请留下来。“she was invited to stay”是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词the US是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填whe

44、re。56考查现在分词。句意：考虑到有困难的人，她选择开一家私人诊所，收费很低。句中chose是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，she和consider是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Considering。57考查时态。句意：林更愿意照顾病人和写文章，而不是退休，她承担起了照顾所有病人的责任。由“and she took”可知，空格处句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式preferred。故填preferred。58考查名词。句意：林更愿意照顾病人和写文章，而不是退休，她承担起了照顾所有病人的责任。take responsibility for是固定短语，意为“对负责”，故填responsibility。59考查冠词。句意：她对中国妇产科的发展起到了重要的作用。play an important role in是固定短语，意为“在中起重要的作用”，故填an。60考查强调句。句意：是林巧稚配得上“万婴之母”的称号。分析句意和“It is”可知，句子是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who(强调人)/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是Lin Qiaozhi，因此空格处是who/that。故填who/that。