Unit 2 Wish you were here语言点（二）.docx

1、Unit 2 Wish you were here语言点（二）目标认知重点词汇need，remind，consider，common，reach，form，surrounding，harmony重点短语as well重点句型as 句型知识讲解重点词汇need【原句回放】I need to take a tent and a sleeping bag for a good nights rest我需要带一个帐篷和一个睡袋以好好休息一晚。(P26)【点拨】need n. & v. 需要常用结构in need of需要(作表语)there is no need for sb. to do sth.

2、对于某人来说没有必要做某事need to do sth. 需要去做某事(此时need为行为动词)sth. need doing(=sth. need to be done)某事/某物需要被(用主动形式表被动意义)neednt do sth. 没有必要做某事(此时need为情态动词，常用在否定句和疑问句中)neednt have done sth. 本没有必要做(而做了)某事如：Are you in need of help? 你需要帮助吗?There is no need for you to worry about. 你没有必要担心。The bike needs repairing/to b

3、e repaired这辆自行车需要修理。You neednt write down your translation你没有必要写翻译。易混辨析need，require和want的异同点 (1)相同点：三者均可后接名词、代词或数词，意思为“要，需要”三者均可后接不定式的被动形式或动名词，意思是“需要被”。如：His hair needs/requires/wants cutting/to be cut. 他的头发需要(被)修剪。三者均可后接复合宾语，意思是“需要/要求/想要某人”如：I need/require/want you to be here this evening我需要/要求/想要你

4、今晚来这儿。 (2)不同点：require可以接宾语从句，从句用“(should+)动词原形”，其他两个不可以。如：They require that I(should)appear他们要求我到场。remind【原句回放】Colins friend Jennifer wrote an e-mail to Colin，reminding him of all the things that he should take to make his trip more enjoyable科林的朋友珍妮弗写了一封电子邮件给科林，提醒他应该带的所有东西，以使旅途更有趣。(P27)【点拨】remind vt

5、. 提醒，使想起常用结构remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事remind sb. that. 提醒某人如：This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year这家旅馆使我想起了去年我们住过的那家。Be sure to remind her to come back early一定要提醒她早点回来。She reminded me that I hadnt written to Mother她提醒我还没给妈妈写信。consider【原句回放】If your answ

6、er is“yes”，consider a trip to Shangri-la! 如果你的答案是肯定的，那就考虑考虑香格里拉之行吧!(P38)【点拨】consider v. 考虑，认为常用结构 (1)consider作“考虑”讲时，其常用结构为：consider + n. / v. -ingconsider+疑问词+to do如：He is considering moving to the south他在考虑搬到南方的事。We have considered your application carefully，but we cant offer you this job我们已经认真地考虑

7、了你的申请，但是我们不能聘用你做这个工作。You must consider how to do the experiment successfully你们一定要考虑怎么样才能把这项实验做成功。 (2)consider作“认为”讲时，其常用结构为：consider sb. as.consider sb. / sth. (to be)+adj. / n.consider sbto have done如：He considers me as his best friend他把我当成他最好的朋友。We consider him to be honest我们认为他是诚实的。She was consid

8、ered to have stolen a wallet yesterday昨天她被认为偷了一个钱包。归纳拓展considering既可作介词，也可作连词，意为“考虑到”。consideration n“考虑”，常用词组take sthinto consideration“把考虑在内”。如：Considering the weather was bad，the football game was quite good考虑到天气很糟，所以这场足球赛还是相当不错的。Time factor is what we must first take into consideration时间因素是我们首先要

9、考虑进去的。common【原句回放】Today，Shangri-la has become a common English word meaning heaven on earth今天，“Shangri-la”已成了一个普通的英语单词，意为“人间天堂”。(P38)【点拨】common adj. 普通的，常见的，共同的如：This kind of flower is common in spring在春季，这种花是经常可见的。常用结构out of common非同寻常的in common共有，公有，普通的in common with与一样have sth. in common有共同之处如：Ms

10、 Smith has noticed nothing out of common史密斯夫人没有发现任何非同寻常的地方。He has much in common with his twin sister他和他的孪生姐姐有许多共同之处。John and I have nothing in common我和约翰没有共同之处。易混辨析common，ordinary，usual的区别common指因许多人或事物共同具备而常见。ordinary指与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而是显得平常的，没什么奇妙的地方。usual指在某一地方或某一时间常看到的，常用的东西或常发生的事情。如：Rabbits and

11、foxes are common in Britain兔子和狐狸在英国很常见。His mother is an ordinary teacher他妈妈是位普通的老师。We will meet at the usual place我们将在老地方见。reach【原句回放】Hilton described a beautiful kingdom where three rivers joined together，steep mountains reached to the sky.(在这部小说里)希尔顿描绘了一个美丽的王国，在那里，三条河流交汇在一起，群山陡峭，高耸入云(P38)【点拨】reach

12、 vt. 到达，达成；vi. 延伸；n. 伸出，范围，伸手可及之距离常用结构beyond ones reach(=out of ones reach)某人够不到within ones reach(=within the reach of sb. )在某人所能及之处reach ones hand for sth伸手去拿某物reach for伸手去拿reach out for设法抓住，拿到reach to(声音)延伸到如：The plates off the upper shelf are beyond my reach上层架子上的盘子我够不到。The banana is out of the m

13、onkeys reach那个猴子够不到那根香蕉。The price is within my reach. 那个价钱我付得起。易混辨析reach，get，arrive的区别reach vt. “到达”，后面可直接加地点名词。get vi. “到达”，要与to连用或者后接副词。arrive vi. “到达”，常与in(大地方)或者at(小地方)连用。如：We reached Beijing yesterday=We got to Beijing yesterday=We arrived at Beijing yesterday我们昨天到达北京。form【原句回放】These snowy moun

14、taintops form a beautiful picture that will leave you at a loss for words其白雪皑皑的山顶构成了一幅美丽的图画，美得让你无法用言语形容。(P38)【点拨】form vt. & vi. 形成，构成；n. 形状，外形，表格如：Form good habits while you are young当你年轻的时候，养成良好的习惯。Will you fill in the form?你能填一下表格吗?常用结构form the habit of养成的习惯in the form of以的形式in form状况良好out of form

15、状态不佳in any form以任何形式如：Ice exists in the form of solid.冰以固体形式存在。Tom was in fine form；we all laughed at his stories汤姆心情很好，他讲的故事逗得我们都笑了。Hes been out of form recently and hasnt won a game for three months他近来状态不好，三个月没有打赢一场比赛。易混辨析form，build，found，put up，set up的区别form“构成，形成”，所构成的东西必须具有一定外形、结构或包含设计工作；成立，创立。

16、build“建设，建造”，既可接具体的事物名词，也可接抽象的事物名词。found“创立，创造”，指创立组织、机构、国家等；既可接具体的事物名词，也可接抽象的事物名词。put up“搭起，竖起，建立”，多接具体的事物名词。set up“搭起，建立，创立，建起”，可以接具体的也可以接抽象的事物名词。surrounding【原句回放】Sheep，cattle and horses wander on the green grass，and the surrounding forests are home to many birds and animals成群的牛羊和马儿在绿色的草地上徜徉，周边的森林

17、则是许多鸟儿和兽类的家园。(P38)【点拨】surrounding adj. 周围的如：The peasants are allowed to cultivate the surrounding land这些农民被允许耕种周围的土地。归纳拓展surround v. 环绕，包围surroundings n. 环境，周围的事物如：Animals in a zoo are not living in their natural surroundings动物园里的动物们不是生活在自然环境之中。常用结构surround.with.用把包围或者环绕be surrounded by/with被包围或者环绕如

18、：The house is surrounded by/with trees=There are trees surrounding the house树木环绕在房子的周围。易混辨析surroundings，conditions与environment的区别surroundings“环境”，用的是复数形式，指周围的物质环境。conditions“环境，境况”，主要指居住、工作或做事情的环境，或影响某事发生的物质环境。environment“环境”，集合名词的单数，既可以表示抽象的概念，也可以表示具体的意义，主要指周围的环境，包括自然环境和社会环境。如：Its difficult to imag

19、ine that youre working in such poor conditions很难想象你是在这样艰苦的条件下工作的。Home environment can affect a childs behavior家庭环境能影响孩子的行为。harmony【原句回放】In this peaceful land，people live in perfect harmony with nature，far away from the noise and worry of the outside world在这片宁静的土地上，人们远离外界的喧嚣和烦恼，与大自然和谐相处。(P38)【点拨】harm

20、ony n. 和谐，协调，融洽如：There is perfect harmony between the two brothers这兄弟俩相处得非常好。常用结构in harmony和谐地，协调地in harmony with和一致如：Bob and I have worked together in harmony for years我和鲍勃共事多年，合作愉快。His taste is in harmony with mine他的爱好与我的一致。归纳拓展harmonious adj. 和谐的，协调的Sky and sea make up of a harmonious picture天空与海

21、洋组成了一幅和谐的画面。重点短语as well【原句回放】Take a raincoat as well，because you will get wet when you go white-water rafting也要带着雨衣，因为白浪漂流时你会被水弄湿的。(P27)【点拨】as well“还，也，同样”，为固定短语。如：I understand from her that you undertake other important work as well我从她那里了解到你也承担着其他的重要工作。归纳拓展 “也”的五种表示方法(as well，as well as，too，also，ei

22、ther)及其区别as well用在句末，前面不用逗号隔开(比too和also显得正式)。as well as用于连接两个并列成分。too用在句末，前面用逗号隔开；用于肯定句。also用在句中，助动词或be动词的后面，实义动词之前。either仅用于否定句。如：He is a worker and a poet as well他是一个工人也是一个诗人。Mary，as well as her parents，has gone to the park玛丽和她的父母已经去了公园。Tom likes EnglishJohn likes English，too汤姆喜欢英语，约翰也喜欢英语。We also

23、 regard him as a great writer我们也认为他是一个伟大的作家。You didnt pass the examJohn didnt，either你考试没过关，约翰也没过。重点句型 as句型【原句回放】As you can see，my schedule for June is full and I cannot manage a trip to London正如你所看到的，我6月份的时间表排得满满的，我不能设法去伦敦旅行了。(P29)as you can see正如你所看到的归纳拓展【点拨】as充当关系代词，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或者表语，其引导的非限制性定语从句可放

24、在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前；引导限制性定语从句时，通常有the same，such等来修饰先行词。常用结构一些由as引导的非限制性定语从句已形成了固定的说法as is said above综上所述as is known to all众所周知as is often the case情况常常如此as is mentioned above就跟上面提到的那样as is reported据报道as often happens这种情况常常发生易混辨析as和which的区别 (1)as和which都可以作关系代词，都可以充当从句的主语或宾语(as只作主动语态中的宾语或被动语态中的主语)。 (2)as和w

25、hich都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子的内容，但which引导的从句只能放在主句之后，而as引导的从句放在主句的前后均可。如：As you can see，the stamp shows the new city正如你所看到的，这张邮票展示了这个城市的新貌。He won the first place in the competition，which made his parents very happy他在这次竞赛中得了第一名，这让他的父母非常高兴。 (3)as和which均可引导限制性定语从句，但as引导限制性定语从句时，其先行词往往被the same，such等来修饰。I shall be surprised if he does this the same as I do如果他像我一样这么做，我会感到吃惊的。I have never heard such stories as he told我从未听过他讲的这些故事。