Unit 4 Adversity and Courage-Reading and Thinking-高二英语重难点词句语法基础 提升练（新人教版选择性必修三）.docx

1、选择性必修二 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage-Reading and Thinking 词汇练习及句型讲练一、 根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。（P3840）1. for a dangerous journey: small _(工资), _(严寒的) cold, long months of complete darkness, constant danger, and safe return uncertain.2. Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt q_

2、. 3. But I was so e_ about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went a_ his ship.4. He _(分派) me to be a steward, an I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.5. How everyone will _(羡慕) me when I come back and tell them about he amazing places I have been to!6. And when t

3、he ship s_, our hearts sank with it.7. Before we _(放弃) the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies.8. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this _(令人难受的) place.9. Their _(真诚的) concern for others, their perseveran

4、ce, and their _(坚定的信念) fill me with hope.10. Life is c_ to Oliver when he was young. Although living a miserable life, he had a very kind heart.二、单句语法填空（P3840）1. Shackleton was one of the most famous _(explore) of his day and it was considered _ great honor to be part of his expeditions.2. However,

5、when I applied _(join) the expedition, Shackleton turned me _ because he thought I was too young and wasnt _(qualify). 3. But I was so _(enthusiasm) about the idea of going along with them _ I secretly went aboard his ship.4. He assigned me _(be) a steward, and I now serve _(meal) for twenty-eight m

6、en, three times a day.5. Endurance became _(stick) in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice _(freeze) around us and we were well and _(true) stuck!6. We were not allowed _(take) most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton _(him) threw away all his gold.7. We are now camped on the ice and

7、we have been _(manage) to survive. _ spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.8. We have been _(struggle) for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to _(bad). 9. We are now _(crowd) together under one of our boats on the _(rock) shore of this miserable place.10. The voy

8、age was too _(danger) and difficult for all of us to make _ in our small boats.11. However, these happy _(memory) are soon interrupted by _ sudden cold rush of air.12. He used to be so cross and bitter _ nobody could be _(tolerate) of him, but the birth of his son changed his life and made him a _(g

9、ood) person. (书本练习改编)三、写出下列词组含义，并用其适当形式填空。of ones day _dream of/about_turn down_be qualified for _become/be stuck in _set off _keep ones spirits up _under ones guidance _make it _abandon oneself to _be envious of _after all _go from bad to worse _go smoothly _hold on _be enthusiastic about _go aboar

10、d _in panic _1. How could you _ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?2. Im writing to apply to join it, thinking that I _ the job well.3. John _ academic research and has achieved great contributions.4. After two days _ the snow, Nicholas was saved.5. According to the timet

11、able, the train is due to leave in five minutes. Well never _. 6. I wanted to give up, but Dad encouraged me _. 7. Things _ after heavy rains damaged the only power cables(缆绳) in the area.8. Though you went through dozens of challenges, you made it _. 9. I cant _ to the camera tonight, for I have ca

12、ught a heavy cold.10. For me common people on the earth, I _ travelling around space one day.四、美句欣赏及重点句式复习和仿写1. Below are some of Blackborows diary entries.l 完全倒装结构： 表示方位的副词位于句首，且主语为名词时当副词here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等位于句首，谓语动词是come, go, run, rush, fly等，且主语时名词时；如：1). Now comes

13、 your turn. 2). Out rushed a dog.表示地点的介词短语位于句首，谓语动词是不及物动词如lie, stand, sit, exist等或连系动词be, 且主语是名词时；如：In front of our house stands a big tree. l 复习其他常见部分倒装句1). 墙上挂着一张世界地图。_2). 那个人从马上跳了下来。_3). 许多历史名人的雕像矗立在那儿。_2. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboa

14、rd his shipl 复习sothat和suchthat的用法。1). 那儿的风景是如此迷人以致于我立刻沉湎其中。(abandon oneself to)_2). Shackleton是如此勇敢又坚定的人以致于我总指望他做一些不可能的事。(fearless；count on sb. to do)_3. the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.l 复习tooto的用法 时间太紧迫了，我们不可能在这么短的时间内要成功抵达约定的地方。 _4. Without Fr

15、ank and Ernest, wed all be dead by now.l 含蓄条件句是指，虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if 引导的件句，而是由otherwise, but 等词来引导者通过上下文引出。常见的有： without, otherwise, or, but for, given, supposing, as if, as though, even if, even though.1). 没有你及时的帮助，我不可能顺利的解决这个问题。_2). 他中文说得很流利，好像他是中国人似的。 _3). Without my teachers help and support, I _ (be

16、)where I am today.4). The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _(accomplish)the task in half the time.其他虚拟语气用法复习：l If虚拟条件句虚拟情况从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反过去式(be用were)would/should/could/might do与过去事实相反had donewould/should/could/might have done与将来事实相反were to do/should do/did/werewould/should/could/mig

17、ht do注一：省略if的虚拟条件句：将虚拟条件从句中的were, had, should提到主语前构成部分倒装；注二：混合虚拟条件句：错综时间是指条件状语从句表示的行为和主句所表示的行为发生的时间不一致。如从句指过去，而主句指的是现在或者将来，此时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整5). If he _(follow)my advice, he wouldnt have failed his exam once again.6). _ he still a child, we could forgive him for his mistakes!7). If you had bro

18、ught your swimming suit with you, we _(go)swimming in the lake now.l Wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+did对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had done对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would/could/might +do8). I wish I _(tell) him the way to the supermarket.9). I wish I _(be) a bird and could fly high in the sky.10). We wish we _(live) o

19、n the moon one day.l 名词性从句中的虚拟语气表“建议”、“命令”、“要求”等词所在的名词性从句中，从句中主语之后+ (should )do；常见动词有suggest, order, propose, request, require, demand, advise, insist, recommend11). An order came that all the army supply _(send)to the front before daybreak.12). His mother insisted that they _(spend) their summer ho

20、lidays in the countryside that that the fresh air _(be) of help to their health.13). His pale face suggested that he _(be) ill. That was why his mother suggested that he _(see) a doctor.14). The law requires that everyone _(have) his car checked at least once a year.l 情态动词+have done: should/ought to

21、 have done 本应该做 could/may/might have done 本可以做 need have done 本需要做 shouldnt have done 本不应该做 neednt have done 本不需要做l 注意：情态动词+have done 还可以表对过去事情的推测，如He might have known the truth.他可能已经直到真相了。15). She _(help) you, but she was busy yesterday. 16). -Why are you pulling a long face today, honey? -You _(kn

22、ow) its May 20th.17). It _(rain) last night, for the road is quite muddy.l 虚拟语气在句式中的应用：a. It is +形容词 +that+ 主语+（should+动词原形），should可以省略, 常见形容词：important, necessary, essential, strange, natural.b. I would rather you had helped me out two days ago 我宁愿你能在两天前帮助我.（对过去事情的虚拟）c. It is （high）time that+ 主语+ s

23、hould/过去式d. If only I had much money. 要是我有很多钱就好了。（对现在的虚拟）18). The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that _(我们是时候致力于保护环境了). 19). 我宁愿你没告诉过我这个消息。_20). This is the first time I _(take)my picture with my own hands.It is time that you _(take)a picture for me.5. Perhaps there is a c

24、hance (that) we will return home, after all.l There is a chance that意为 “有的可能”，也可以是The chance is that 或用其复数形式l 其他: there is a/no possibility that; it is possible/impossible for sb. to do sth. 1). 有可能你的提议会被拒绝。毕竟它一点都不实用。（turn down）_2). 短时间内使令人难受的疫情得到控制是不可能的。（miserable）_6. Life was cruel to Oliver when

25、he was young. Although living a miserable life, he had a very kind heart.7. However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. 我在舒适的床上睡得正香，一阵突然袭来的冷风把我惊醒了。(cozy, doing作状语)_8. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honor t

26、o be part of his expeditions. Shakespeare被认为是他那个时代最伟大的戏剧家。_9. When the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 面对如此多是是非非(rights and wrongs)，我的心拔凉拔凉的。_10. “Hold on now, Perce. Dont you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply.消息传来情况每况愈下，这让我很失落。（go from bad to worse, feel low）_11. Their genuine concer

27、n for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope. 当我绝望的时候，正是他们的鼓励和无私的帮助让我充满了希望。_附加：12. 当我撞车的时候，我惊慌失措。（seize, crush）_五、完形填空A farmer owned an old mule (骡子). One day the mule _1_ into the farmers well unluckily. The farmer heard the mule crying. He tried every possible way to save

28、the mule, but _2_.After carefully thinking about the situation, the farmer decided that neither the mule nor the well was worth greater efforts. _3_, he called his neighbors together, told them what had happened, and asked them to help carry dirt to _4_ the old mule in the _5_ and put him out of his

29、 disaster.At first, the old mule was mad! But as the farmer and the neighbors _6_ shoveling (铲土)and the dirt hit his back, an idea _7_ to him. Every time a shovelful of _8_ landed on his back, he would shake it off and step up!This he did, blow after blow. “Shake it off and step up shake it off and

30、step up shake it off and step up!” He repeated to _9_ himself. No matter how painful the blows, or how _10_ the situation seemed, the old mule overcame his fear and just kept right on shaking it off and stepping up!It wasnt long _11_ the old mule, tired out, stepped successfully over the wall of tha

31、t well! What seemed to have destroyed him actually _12_ himall because of the way _13_ which he dealt with his adversity.Thats life! We should _14_ our problems and respond to them _15_, and refuse to give in to fear, bitterness, or self-pity.1AfeltBfellCflowedDflew2AescapedBrefusedCsucceededDfailed

32、3AMoreoverBHoweverCThereforeDOtherwise4AcoverBdriveCsaveDwash5AhouseBsituationCwallDwell6AcontinuedBstoppedCfinishedDsuggested7ArepliedBgotCturnedDoccurred8ApainBdirtCfearDpity9AencourageBexperienceCexpectDexplore10ApainlessBpossibleChopelessDuseful11AwhileBsinceCafterDbefore12AhurtBhelpedCpunishedD

33、controlled13AofBtoCinDon14AhideBcauseCfaceDavoid15AobviouslyBpositivelyCcuriouslyDnecessarily六、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Adversity(逆境) can beat you down, but probably it also has the ability to make you stronger. The impact and ultimate result depend on _1_ you do with the difficulties that

34、 come in your way.Beethoven composed one of his _2_ (great) works after going deaf. Sir Walter Raleigh wrote The History of the World during his thirteen-year imprisonment. Had Columbus turned back, no one could _3_ (blame) him. Of course, no one would have remembered _4_, either. Abraham Lincoln ma

35、de great achievements by his display of wisdom during the American Civil War.Eventually, consider a more recent example. For sixteen years, Dr. Mary Groda-Lewis had a difficult time _5_ (study) the written words on account of a learning disorder. She _6_ (put) in prison on two different occasions an

36、d almost died of a stroke when bearing a child. _7_ (commit) to going to college, she did a variety of odd jobs to save money. When graduating from high school at eighteen, she was considered as an outstanding student and finally entered college _8_ (success). Determined to become a doctor,she recei

37、ved many _9_ (rejection) of the medical schools before Albany Medical College finally accepted her. In 1984, Dr. Mary Groda-Lewis, _10_ was thirty-five years old then, graduated with honors and realized her dream.Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 参考答案：一二答案略三、1 turn down 2 am qualified for 3 is enthusiasti

38、c about 4 stuck in 5 make it 6 to hod on 7 went from bad to worse8 after all 9 make it 10 have been dreaming of 四、1. 1) On the wall hangs a map of the world. 2) Down jumped the man from the horse. 3) There stand many sculptures of historical celebrities. 2. 1). The scenery there was so fascinating/b

39、reathtaking/amazing that I abandoned myself to it instantly.=So fascinating was the scenery there that I abandoned myself to it instantly.2). Shackleton was such a fearless and determined man that I always counted on him to do something impossible.=Such a fearless and determined man was Shackleton t

40、hat I always counted on him to do something impossible.3. Time is too urgent for us to make it to/manage to reach the appointed place in such a short time.4. 1). Without your timely help, I wouldnt have tackled the problem so smoothly. 2). He speaks Chinese fluently as if he were a Chinese.3) wouldn

41、t be 4) would have accomplished 5) had followed 6) Were 7) would go 8) had told 9) were 10) could live11) (should) be sent 12) (should) spend; was 13) was; (should) see 14) (should) have15) could have helped 16) should have known 17) must have rained18). its (high) time that we should devote ourselv

42、es to environmental protection.19) I would rather that you hadnt told me the news/ hadnt informed me of the news. 20). have taken, took/should take 5. 1). There is a chance that your proposal will be turned down. After all, it is impractical.=The chance is that your proposal will be turned down. Aft

43、er all, it is impractical. 2). Theres no chance/possibility that the miserable epidemic will be under control in a short time. =It is impossible that the miserable epidemic will be under control in a short time.6/7. Sleeping soundly in my cozy bed, I was awakened by a sudden cold rush of air.8. Shak

44、espear was considered to be/as the greatest dramatist of his day.9. In face of so many rights and wrongs, my hearts sank with them.10. Word/News came that the situation was going from bad to worse, which made me feel low.11. when I was in despair, it was their encouragement and selfless help that filled me with hope.附加：12. I was seized by panic/Fear seized me when my car got crushed.完形：DBACB CDADA BABDC语法填空：1 what 2 greatest 3 have blamed 4 him 5 studying 6 was put 7 Committed 8 successfully 9 rejections 10 who