Unit 7 Will people have robots？-2022-2023学年八年级英语上册同步必备知识清单（人教版）.docx

1、Unit 7 Will people have robots？八年级英语上册必备知识清单一、词汇知识清单I、课标词汇注意英译汉paper pepr 纸pollution plun 污染；污染物prediction prdkn 预测future fjutr 未来pollute plut 污染environment nvarnmnt 环境planet plnt 行星earth r n.地球；泥土plant plnt 种植，植物part prt 参加，部分peace pis 和平sky ska 天空play apart参与apartment prtmnt 公寓房间space spes .空间；太空e

2、ven ivn 甚至；愈加human hjumn 人的；n.人；人类servant srvnt 仆人dangerous dendrs 危险的already lredi 已经factory fktri 工厂believe bliv 相信disagree dsri 不同意shape ep 形状fall fl 倒塌；跌倒possible psbl 可能的probably prbbli 大概；或许；很可能holiday hlde 假日word wrd 单词；II、语法词汇知其变注意词性变化1.paper pepr 纸papers cn.试卷、文件 2.pollution plun 污染；污染物 pol

3、lute v.污染polluted adj.受污染的pollutant n.污染物3.prediction prdkn预测predict v.预言预测predictor n.预言家 4.environment nvarnmnt 环境environmental adj.环境的environmentally adv.环境地 5.part prt 参加，部分partly adv.部分地apart adv相距,分离地/adj分离着partial adj.局部的，偏爱的，不公平的impartial adj.公正的 6.peace pis和平peaceful adj.和平的peacefully adv.和

4、平地 7.space spes .空间；太空spaceship n.太空船special adj.空间的spaceman n.宇航员8.servant srvnt 仆人serve v.服务service n.服务 9.dangerous dendrs 危险的danger n.危险dangerously adv.危险地danger n.危险endanger vt.使危险endangered adj.濒临灭绝的10.believe bliv 相信(believebelieved-believed) belief n.信念(un)believable adj. （难）可相信的(un)believab

5、ly adv.（难）以置信地disbelief n.不相信disbelieve vt. 不相信 11.disagree dsri不同意disagreement n.分歧,不同意agree vt.同意agreement n.协议，同意 12.shape ep 形状shapeless adj.没有形状的shaped adj.成形的shaper n.塑造者 13.fall fl 倒塌；跌倒(fall-fell-fell) falling adj.正掉落的fallen adj.已落的14.possible psbl 可能的(im)possibly adv.(不)可能地possibility n.可能性

6、 15.probably prbbli 大概；或许；很可能probable adj.很可能的improbable adj.不大可能的improbably adv.不寻常地，令人难以置信地 16.word wrd 单词；words n.话语wordless adj.沉默的无言的wordy adj.口头的文字的III、重点短语知搭配注意固定短语的英汉互译1. on computer在电脑上 2. on paper在纸上 3. live to be 200 years old活到200岁 4. free time空闲时间 5. in danger处于危险之中 6. on the earth在地球上

7、7. space station太空站 8. look for寻找 9. computer programmer电脑编程员 10. in the future在未来 11. hundreds of许多；成百上千 12. over and over again多次；反复地 13. get bored感到厌烦的 14. wake up醒来 15.fall down倒塌 16.in ones home在某人的家中 17.in 100 years： 100年后 18. in an apartment 在一所公寓里19.look like 看起来像 20.believe in sb=trust in s

8、b 信任某人 IV、核心单词知用法注意固定短语、句型和词块Section A1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes? (P. 49)本句是主从复合句，从句为宾语从句，如果do you think放在句中，则为插入语，放在特殊疑问词后面，结构为：疑问词+do you think+主语+谓语+其它。Which do you think is the best movie theatre?2. People will live to be 200 years old. (P. 49)live to be+基数词+years old意

9、为“活到岁”。In the story, people will live to be 500 years old.3. Will people use money in 100 years? (P. 49)“in+一段时间”表示“在之后”或“在之内”，通常用于一般将来时，常用来回答how soon的提问；“for+一段时间”则表示持续多长时间，用来回答how long的提问。The film will begin in two minutes.They have lived here for three years.4. Whats your prediction about the fut

10、ure? (P. 50) future作名词，表示“将来、未来”，in the future表示“在将来”。Who knows what will happen in the future.5. I dont think so. (P. 50) I dont think so表示“我不这么认为”，肯定形式为I think so。-Look at the cloud. It is going to rain.-I dont think so. It will be sunny soon.【拓展】类似的结构还有：I hope so“我希望如此”，I hope not“我希望不是这样”，Im afr

11、aid so“恐怕如此”，Im afraid not“恐怕不是这样的”。6. So what will the future be like? (P. 50) what is.like可以用来提问外貌、情形，也可以用来提问某人性格或者品质。-Whats Tom like?-He is funny.7. There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger. (P. 50) in danger表示“处于危险中”，out of danger意为“脱离危险”。He is in danger now.Some ani

12、mals are out of danger.8. Will we have to move to other planets? (P. 50) other作形容词，意为“别的、其它的”。There are other ways to do this exercise.【拓展】other, the other, another, others和the others辨析other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。another: 表示“三者中另一个”。others: 用作代词，

13、泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.You should think of others.There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.9. E

14、veryone should play a part in saving the earth. (P. 50) play a part in意为“参与、在中发挥作用”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。Mr. Black doesnt play a part in the discussion.Section B1. space station (P. 52) space用作不可数名词，表示“太空、空间”，意为“空间”时，相当于room，make space/room for表示“为腾出位置”。Will people be able to live in space in the future?

15、There isnt much space on the bus.2. Will robots think like humans in the future? (P. 53) human用作名词，意为“人、人类”，相当于human being，复数形式为humans。Dogs can hear better than humans.3. Today there are already robots working in factories. (P. 53)(1) “There be+sb./sth.+doing sth.”意为“有某人/某物正在做某事”。There are some boys

16、 standing on the playground.(2) already作副词，表示“已经”，一般用于肯定句中，用于疑问句中时，表示惊讶的语气。They continued working, though it was already midnight.4. Some can help to build cars, and they do simple jobs over and over again. (P. 53)over and over again意为“反复地、一次又一次地”。He thanked me over and over again.5. For example, sc

17、ientists James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are. (P. 53)wake up表示“醒来、喊醒”。Every day I wake up at six oclock.Please wake up your younger sister.6. But many scientists disagree with Mr. White. (P. 53)disagree为不及物动词，反义词是agree，disagree with sb.意为“不同意某人”。I dis

18、agree with you about this.7. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. (P. 53)(1) agree作动词，意为“同意、赞同”，名词形式为agreement，反义词是disagree，agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”。She agreed to buy this book.【拓展】agree的其它用法1. agree with sb.意为“同意某人的看法或者想法”。I am afraid I cant agree with you.2. agree to sth. 同意（计划、安排、建

19、议）Do you think hell agree to our proposal?3. agree on 约定、商定Can we agree on a date?(2) hundred of表示“许多、大量”，hundred, thousand, million, billion前面有具体数字修饰，表示确切意义时，用单数形式；后接of，表示约数时，用复数形式。three thousandmillions of visitors8. These new robots will have many different shapes. (P. 53)shape用作名词，表示“形状、外形”，in t

20、he shape of“呈现形状”，out of shape“变形的、走样的”。The pool was in the shape of a heart.Im a bit out of shape and I want to lose weight.9. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. (P. 53) find, look for和find out辨析find意为“找到”，强调寻找的结果；look for意为“寻

21、找”，强调寻找的过程；find out意为“查明”，多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通过困难曲折之意，多指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。I looked for it everywhere, but I could not find it.Please find out when the train leaves.10. This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed impossible 100 years ago. (P. 53) possible作形容词，

22、表示“可能的”，反义词为impossible，表示“不可能的”。Everything is possible as long as we work hard.Dont ask me to do impossible things.11. Which side do you agree with? (P. 54)side此处用作名词，表示“一方”。He always likes to be on the winning side.12. So I will probably keep a bird. (P. 55)probably用作副词，表示“很可能、大概”，用作状语，放在行为动词之前，助动词

23、、情态动词和be动词之后。He probably knows the secret.I will probably study medicine at university.13. .but I think Ill take a holiday in Hong Kong when possible. (P. 55)take a holiday意为“度假”，相当于have a holiday，holiday常用的短语还有：on a holiday在休假；for a holiday 去度假。Where do you hope to take a holiday?They are on holida

24、y in Sanya.V、高级结构会变通注意高级在写作中的仿写1.will+动词原形 将要做2.fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多3.have to do sth.不得不做某事（客观） must 必须（主观）4.agree with sb.同意某人的意见5.There will be + 主语+其他 将会有6.There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有正在做某事7.make sb. do sth. 8.help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 9.What will the future be like

25、? 未来将会是什么样子？10.Which side do you agree with ?你同意哪一方的观点？二、语法知识清单一般将来时定义：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。及计划、打算或准备做某事。常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、常用的表达形式共有五种，现归纳如下：（一）“will 动词原形”这一形式，主要用于在以下几个方面：1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用于各个人称。eg:They

26、 will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。Ill come with Wang Bing and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、杨玲一起来。The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。3、问对方是否愿意做某事

27、或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg: Will you please turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗？Will you go to the zoo with me? 你和我一起去动物园好吗？Shall we go there at five? 我们五点钟去那儿，好吗？ Will you please open the door? 请你把门打开，好吗？注：在口语中will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。一般将来时语法聚焦之“will+动词原形”肯定句：主语+will +动词原形否定句：主语+will + not+动词原形一般疑问句：Will + 主语+动词原形？肯

28、定回答：Yes, 主语+will.否定回答： No, 主语+will not (wont )【句式结构】：【用法】 will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=wont shall not=shanteg: Spring will come again. （春天还会再来的。）Will you be free tonight? （你今晚有空吗?）GEM will hold her concert in Chengdu next year. 2.在表示“询问对方是否愿意”以及表示“客气的

29、邀请”时，常用will。eg: -Will you marry me? -Yes, I do. Will you accept our invitation?注：be going to与will用法上的异同及比较说明：(1)be going to与will都可用来表示即将发生的事情。前者多用于口语，后者常用于书面语和正式文告中。eg: There will (is going to) be a football match in our school next week . 下周我校将举行（有）一场足球赛。The American basketball team will arrive in

30、Beijing tomorrow. 美国篮球队明天将抵达北京。(2) be going to 与will都可用来表示意图。eg：I will (am going to)climb the hill tomorrow . 我将于明天去登山。注：一般来说，“意图”是事先经过考虑的，用be going to表示；反之则用will, will还多用于对话中，即一方听了对方的话后所作出的反应。例如：A. Theyre going to meet at the school gate. 他们打算在学校大门见面。B. Please bring me a cup of tea. 请给我端杯茶来。Ill do

31、it in a minute. 我马上就去（端）。(3)be going to常含有“即将”之意；而will即可表示“即将”又可表示“较长时间后的未来”，或不表示任何特定的将来时间概念。例如：A. Were going to visit the factory . 我们即将去参观那家工厂。B. Hell write a book one day . 他有朝一日要写书。(4)在表示“询问对方是否愿意”以及表示“客气的邀请”时，常用will。eg: Will you marry me? Will you go there with us ? 你能和我们一起去那儿吗？（二）“be going to动

32、词原形”的形式，表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。如：1）Were going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。 2）Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。3）Look! Its going to rain. 瞧！快下雨了。三、一般将来是特殊用法：1、be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to talk about the report next Sat

33、urday.He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。2、“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。如：We are about to leave.我们马上就走。意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing.Theyre about to leave. (=Theyre leaving.) 他们就要走了。 3、有些表趋向性的动词可用现在进行时来表示将来时：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞

34、往)，reach（到达），stay，leave，start, die.如：Im going to go to the zoo this weekend.= Im going to the zoo this weekend. Hes going to leave for Paris.= Hes leaving for Paris. The old man is dying.= The old man will die. 这个老人要去世。Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。4）要注意“主将从现”这一语法现象：重要连词有： if (如果)，as soon as (一.就.),

35、when(当.时候)，before，after，until(直到 not.until直到.才) ,If it rains, we wont have a picnic next week.Ill tell you the news as soon as you come back. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。 四、基本结构：be going to + 动词原形； will+动词原形五、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not成 wont.例如

36、：1) Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.2) Peter will go to Nanning next week.Peter wont go to Nanning next week.六、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or,第一、二人称互换。例如：1）We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing thi

37、s weekend? Yes,we are. / No, we aren t .2) I will go swimming tomorrow. Will you go swimming tomorrow.? Yes, I will./ No, I wont.七、There be 句型的一般将来时：There will be / There is going to be句型转换1. “be going to动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首，即“Are/Is/Am主语going to动词原形其它？”。其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如：他们打算今天下午踢足球。 （1

38、）They are going to play football this afternoon.（肯定句） （2）Are they going to play football this afternoon？（一般疑问句） （3）They are not going to play football this afternoon. （否定句） 2. “shall/will动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将shall或will前移到句首，即“Shall/Will主语动词原形其它？”。其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如：我们老师很快回来。（1）Our teacher will come b

39、ack very soon. （肯定句） （2）Will our teacher come back very soon？（一般疑问句） （3）Our teacher wont come back very soon. （否定句）三、语篇知识清单一， 话题分析： 本单元的话题是 “做出预测”，属于说明文。谈论未来的生活，预测未来的居住环境、高科技、交通、工作、生活、家园建设等诸多话题。是整个八年级上册的重点话题，同时它也是英语中考常见的书面表达考点，本质还是对一般将来时的考查。重点考查学生以下能力：1. 熟练使用一般将来时态，即will+do句型；2. 体会将来时的预测用法；3. 更够发挥自己

40、的想象力合理展望未来。二， 写作步骤：（三段布局法） 1.结构：短文通常分为三个部分： 第一部分：开篇点题，引出话题。 第二部分：具体介绍预测的内容。 第三部分：总结全文 2.人称：第一人称。3.时态：一般将来时。三， 词汇积累：1. will be/will do将来是./将来做.2. have a robot拥有机器人3. on computers用电脑4. live to be 200 years old活到200岁5. want to be想成为6. in 100 years100年后7. less pollution更少的污染8. more e-cars/e-bikes跟多电动汽车/

41、电动自行车9. be sure about sth.对.有把握10. free免费11. make sure确保12. fresh water清洁的水13. buildings建筑物/大楼14. try ones best尽最大努力15. in fact实际上16. in a word总之17. the same as和.一样18. as for me至于我19. in my opinion以我看来20. blue skies 湛蓝的填空21. spend time together呆在一起22. in the future在未来23. space station空间站24. humans人类

42、25. over and over again反复26. be able to能够27. many different shapes许多不同的形状28. look like看起来像29. improve改善/提高30. hundreds of years数百年31. look for寻找32. at some point在某个时候33. impossible不可能四， 句型积累：1. I think every home will have a robot.我觉得人人都会有一个机器人。2. Kids wont go to school.They will study at home on co

43、mputer.孩子们不再上学。他们在家用电脑学习。3. There will be more./fewer./less.将会有更多的./更少的.4. I think I will have a .life.我觉得我会过着一个.的生活。5. In my free time,I will.在我空闲时间，我将.6. In the future,people will.在未来，人们将.7. What will the future be like?未来会是什么样子？8. I think I will be interested in science.我觉得我会对科学很感兴趣。9. Cities wil

44、l be more crowded and polluted.大城市会更加拥挤和污染。10. There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger.树木越来越少，环境处在巨大危险中。11. I hope everyone will live a happy life.我希望每个人都能过上幸福的生活。12. In 50 years,there will be less cars because there will be.50年后，将会有更少的车因为将会.13. In the future, people wi

45、ll have more free time because there will be fewer things to do.未来，人们将会有更多的时间因为事情会更少。14. Different people have different ideas.不同的人对此有不同的看法.15. People maybe live to be 200 years old.人们有可能活到200岁。16. There will be less pollution.污染会更少。17. We will live in the Mars/in a space station.我们会住在火星上或者太空站。18. R

46、obots can help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.机器人会帮助人做家务活，做一些脏的或者危险的工作。19. Robots look like humans and do the same things as we do.机器人看起来像人，做和我们一样的工作。20. They think that robots will even be able to talk like humans in 25 to 50 years.他们认为机器人将会在25到50年后和人类说话。21

47、. We never know what will happen in the future.我永远不会知道未来会发生什么。22. Thats my life in.years.这就是我.年以后的生活。五， 写作训练一 “ AI，人工智能，无人驾驶，智能机器人.”最近几年科技掀起一波又一波高潮，给我们生活的方方面面带来着巨大的影响，未来可期，未来又会是什么样子呢？每个人都有自己不同的想象。请以“What will our life be like in the future？”为题目，从不同角度谈谈你和你的家人对未来生活的展望。80词左右。_六， 写作训练二请以“My life in 20 y

48、ears”为题，根据要点提示，用英语写一篇短文。 提示：1.你理想的生活是什么样子的？2.你将怎样努力过上理想的生活？80词左右。 My life in 20 years_ 范文赏析：训练一： What will our life be like in the future? Everyone has an idea about the future. My parents and I have different ideas about our future life. My father believes that there will be more e-cars in the city

49、.So there will be less air pollution and our environment will be better.My mother thinks it will be possible for each family to have a robot. It can help with the housework. I think students will study at home on computers. They will have classes and take exams online. In the end,we hope our future

50、life will be wonderful and colorful. 训练二： My life in 20 yearsIn 20 years,I will be an artist,because I love art very much.I will live in Hong Kong.I think it is a really beautiful city.I think I will have a red car. It will be very cool. As an artist,I will meet a lot of interesting people here and there.I will have quite a few friends. I will draw pictures for people.I will eat healthy food food.I will wear cool clothes. I will have fun every day.In order to live such a wonderful life in the future,I am going to study art in the university and work hard to make my dream life come true.