中考英语专题讲练：完成句子(解析版).docx

1、完成句子知识精讲 完成句子一般是指根据汉语完成句子。这类题型主要检测学生语言基础和对语法知识的掌握，如时态、语态、主从复合句等，特别应该主语固定短语及常用的习惯搭配的积累，还要注意区别英汉表达的差异，两种语言在句型结构、词语对应上的不同之处。完成句子主要考查基本句型的用法、动词短语搭配、动词形式的变化以及一些常用短语。完成句子可以反映出学生综合使用英语进行书面交际的能力。一、完成句子的做题技巧：1. 确定要考查的主要句型、短语和固定搭配；2. 确定要考查的句子类型是简单句还是并列句或复合句；3. 确定句子的时态和语态；4. 对照中文意思和已给出的部分英语句子，观察是否有未翻译的内容要补全，或是

2、有已存在的内容要避免重复；5. 最后确定一些小词的位置，如not, much, fully等。二、完成句子需要掌握50个常考句型和305个短语，表格如下：50个句型1.assoonas2.(not)as/ soas3.asaspossible4.asksb.forsth.5.ask/ tellsb.(how)todosth.6.ask/ tellsb.(not)todosth.7.beafraidofdoingsth./ that+从句8.bebusydoingsth./be busy with sth.9.befamous/ late/ ready/ sorryfor10.begladtha

3、t+从句11.bothand12.eitheror13.buy/ give/ show/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tellsb.sth.14.get+比较级15.geton(well) withsb.16.getreadyfor/ getsthready17.hadbetter(not)dosth.18.helpsb.(to)do/ +从句20.Itsbad/ good(for sb.) to do sth.21.enjoy/ hate/finish/ mind/ keep/ goondoingsth.22.Ittakessb.timetodosth.23.give/ show/

4、bring/lend/send/ pass/tellsthtosb.24.Itstime(for sb.) todosth.25.keepsb.doing26.keep/ makesth.+adj.27.liketodo/ likedoing28.make/ letsb.(not)dosth.29.neithernor30.notatall31.notonlybut(also)32.notuntil33.sothat34.spendon sth./ (in)doingsth.35.stopsb.fromdoingsth.36.stoptodo/ stopdoing37.Its a good i

5、dea to do sth.38.tooto39.Iwouldliketo/ Wouldyouliketo?40.Will(Would/ Could)youplease?41.Itsimportant(forsb.)todosth.42.usedto do sth.43.Onetheother/ Someothers44.see/ hearsb.do(doing)sth.45.The+比较级,the+比较级46.Thereissomethingwrongwith47.Whatabout/ Howabout?48.Whatswrong/ thematterwith?49.Whynot?50.It

6、stwometers(years)long(old)305个短语A1. a bit (of) 有一点儿2. a few 一些； 少量；几个 3. a kind of 一种；一类4. a little一些； 少量5. a lot of 许多6. a number of 一些；许多7. a pair of 一双；一副8. a piece of 一（块，张，片） 9. above all 首先，首要10. according to 根据，按照11. after all 毕竟，终究 12. after class 课后13. again and again 反复地；在三地14. agree to do

7、 sth. 同意做某事 15. agree with sb. 同意某人的看法16. all kinds of 各种各样的17. all over 到处；遍及；结束18. all right 行了；好吧；（病）好了19. arrive at (in) a place 到达某地20. as a result (作为) 结果21. as far as (表示程度，范围)就22. as if 好像，仿佛23. as long as 只要24. as soon as 一就25. as usual 通常，平常地26. as well as 除之外（也）27. as well 也；又28. asas如同一样

8、B29. be proud of 为而感到自豪30. be strict with 对严格要求31. belong to 属于32. bothand 两个都，既又33. break down 损坏；（把化合物等）分解，汽车（抛锚）34. break in 闯入，强行进入，插嘴，打断35. break out (战争、火灾等)突发，爆发36. bring up 教育，培养37. build up 逐步建立38. by accident 偶然39. by air(bus, train, sheap) 乘飞机（公车、火车、轮船）40. by day 日间，在白天41. by the way 顺便说；

9、顺便问一下C42. call in 召来，召集43. call on 拜访 44. call up 号召，打电话45. care for 喜欢，照顾（病人）46. carry on 继续下去，继续开展47. carry out 执行 48. catch up with 赶上（或超过）49. change into 转换成，把变成50. check in 报到，登记51. check out 查明， 结账52. clear up 整理，收拾，（天气）放晴53. come across（偶然）遇见（或发现）54. come back 回来；想起来55. come down 落，下来56. come

10、 from出生于；来自57. come in 进入，进来58. come on 走吧；跟我来59. come out 出来；（书等）出版，发行60. come to 共计，达到61. come true 实现62. come up with赶上；想出（主意）come up 上来，上升，抬头63. compare to 与相比64. compare with 与相比65. congratulateon 祝贺66. connect with 与相连67. cut down 砍倒68. cut off 切断D69. day and night 日日夜夜70. deal with 处理，对付71. d

11、epend on (upon) 依靠,相信，信赖72. die out 消失，灭亡73. different from 与不同74. divide into 把分成75. do ones best 尽最大努力76. do some cleaning（shopping）做扫除（买东西）E77. each other 互相78. earn ones living 谋生79. either or 或者或者80. enjoy oneself 过得愉快81. even if 即使，尽管82. even though 即使，尽管83. ever since 自那时起直到现在F84. face to fac

12、e 面对面85. fall asleep 入睡86. fall ill 患病，病倒87. far away (from) （离）遥远88. far from远离89. feel like doing 想要；感觉要90. fill in 填充91. fill with 用填充92. find out 找出；查明；了解93. first of all 首先94. for ever 永远95. for example 例如96. from now on 从今以后，今后97. from then on 从那时起98. from time to time 不时，偶尔99. from to 从到G100.

13、 get along / on (with) 进展；与.相处 101. get away 逃离102. get back 返回 103. get close (to) 接近104. get down 降下105. get in 进入，收获，达到106. get off 脱下（衣服等），下车107. get on with sb. 与相处108. get on 上车109. get through 通过，拨通（电话）110. get together 相聚； 联欢111. get up 起床112. give away 分发113. give back 归还，送回114. give in 屈服，

14、让步115. give out 分发116. give up 放弃117. go ahead 走在前面，领先；干吧，干下去118. go away 走开；离去119. go by 走过，经过，过去120. go fishing (shopping/ skating) （去）钓鱼/（买东西，滑冰）121. go for a walk 散步122. go off 走开123. go on doing 继续干某事，不停地干某事124. go on with 继续125. go on 继续126. go out 熄灭127. go over 复习；仔细地再读一遍128. go through 浏览；翻

15、阅，通过129. grow up 成年；长大成人H130. had better (do) 最好（做）131. hand in 上交；交纳132. hand out 分发133. hang on （打电话时）不挂断134. hang up 挂断电话135. have a cold 患感冒136. have a good time 玩得高兴，过得愉快137. have classes 上课138. have fun with玩得高兴139. have to 不得不140. hear from 收到来信141. hear of 听说，知道142. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某

16、事143. help oneself to 请随便吃点144. helpout 帮助某人解决困难145. hold on 等一等（别挂电话）146. hold ones breath 不出气，屏住呼吸147. hundreds of 几百；成百上千148. hurry up 赶快；快点 I149. in a hurry 匆忙； 很快地150. in a word 简而言之； 总之151. in all 总之152. in common 共同，共有153. in danger 处于危险状态154. in fact 事实上；实际上155. in front of 在前面156. in need o

17、f 需要，缺少157. in order that 为了158. in order to 为了159. in order 按顺序160. in other words 换句话说161. in peace 安静，宁静162. in public 当众；公开163. in surprise 吃惊；惊讶164. in the end 最后；终于165. in time 及时166. instead of 代替；而不是J167. join in 参加；加入168. just now刚才K169. keep doing sth. 继续做某事170. keep off 勿踏；勿踩171. keep on

18、继续（进行）172. keep ones word 守信173. keep up 保持；维持；继续174. knock at 敲175. knock into sb. 撞上L176. laugh at 嘲笑177. lead to 导致，导向178. let in 让进来，放进179. let out 放掉，泄露180. live on 靠为生181. look after 照料；照顾182. look ahead 向前看，展望未来183. look down upon 看不起；轻视184. look for 寻找185. look forward to 盼望186. look into 向里

19、面看去；调查187. look out 留神，当心188. look through 看穿，浏览189. look up 查找190. lots of 许多，大量M191. make a face 做鬼脸；做苦脸192. make friends with 与交朋友193. make up of 由组成，构成194. make up ones mind 下决心195. make up 和解，化妆196. millions of 成百万上千万，数以百万计197. more or less 或多或少N198. neither nor 既不也不199. next to 紧接着相邻，次于200. no

20、 longer 不再201. notany more 不再 202. notat all 一点也不，绝非203. not onlbut also 不仅而且204. not soas 不像；不如205. not till/ until 直到才206. now and then 时而；偶而O207. of course 当然208. on duty 值日；值班209. on foot 走路，步行210. on show 在展出211. on time 准时212. on/ over the radio 通过收音机213. once again 再一次214. once more 再一次215. o

21、nce upon a time 从前；很久以前216. one after another 一个接一个，连续地217. ought to 应该218. out of breath 上气不接下气219. out of work 失业220. over and over again多次重复，反复P221. pass by 经过222. pay attention to 注意223. pay back 偿还（借款等）224. pay for 付钱；买225. pick out 挑选出226. pick up 拾起227. point out 指出228. point to 指向229. preven

22、tfrom妨碍；防止；预防230. put away 储存231. put down 记下232. put off 延期；推迟233. put on weight 发福，增加体重234. put on 穿; 戴上；上演235. put out 扑灭，关熄236. put up 举起；挂起，贴（广告等）R237. rather than 而不，非238. refer to 提到，涉及，有关239. regard as 把看作240. right away 立即，马上241. right now 立即，马上242. ring back 回电话243. ring up 打电话给244. run aw

23、ay 逃跑245. run out of 用完S246. save ones life 挽救某人生命247. seeoff 为送行248. sell out 售完249. send for 派人去叫250. send out 发出，派遣251. send up 发出，射出252. separate from 分开253. set free 释放；解放254. set off 动身；启程；使爆发255. set out 出发；开始256. show off 炫耀257. side by side 肩并肩，一起258. so as to 以便，为的是259. so far as （表示程度，范围）

24、就260. so far 到目前为止261. so long as 只要262. sothat 太以至于263. sooner or later 迟早；早晚264. speed up 加快速度265. spend on 在花钱266. stand for 代表267. stop doing sth. 停止做某事（不再做）268. stop to do sth. 停下来做某事（开始做）269. such as 例如T270. take away 拿走271. take it easy 别着急；别紧张272. take off 脱下；起飞273. take ones time 从容；慢慢行动274

25、. take out 取出275. take place 发生276. take the place of 取代，代替277. take up占据（时间、地位等）278. talk about 谈论；议论279. talk of 谈论，议论280. the day after tomorrow 后天281. the day before yesterday 前天282. the more the more 越就越283. the other day 前几天；某日284. think about 考虑（是否去做）285. think of 想起；考虑；认为 286. thousands of 成

26、千上万；几千287. throw away 扔掉288. tooto 太而不能289. try on 试穿；试试看290. try out 试验291. turn down 关小；调低292. turn off 关掉（水、电视、收音机等）293. turn on 打开（水、电视、收音机等）294. turn over 翻动；梨翻（土地）295. turn up 到达；来到；开大（声音等）U296. up and down 上下，来回297. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事298. used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事W299. wait for 等候，等待300.

27、 wake up 醒来301. work out 算出， 解决302. worry about 担心，烦恼303. write down 写下，记下304. write to 写信给305. without doubt毫无疑问三点剖析一、考点：完成句子需要在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识去完成，了解常用语言的基本结构和常用表意功能。掌握各类基本词汇，尤其是短语、习惯用法、固定搭配的用法；掌握各种时态、语态及主谓一致原则；掌握简单句、并列句、复合句之间的相互转换。题模精选题模一：短语与固定搭配例1.1.1 妈妈常常告诉我，不要轻视别人。Mom often _.例1.1.2 请你为我捡起地

28、板上的书好吗？Could you please _ the book on the floor for me?题模二：时态和语态例1.2.1 昨天谁付的午饭钱，吉尔还是杰克？Who _ the lunch yesterday, Jill or Jack?例1.2.2 2019年以来，这个地区发生了很大的变化。Great changes _ in this area since 2019.例1.2.3 根据奶奶的建议，这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。The soup _ for more than two hours according to Grandmas advice.题模三：固定句型例1.3.

29、1 多吃蔬菜水果对健康有好处。_ your health to eat more vegetables and fruit.例1.3.2 我喜欢北京的秋天，你呢？I like the autumn in Beijing, _ you?随堂练习随练1.1 你不在家时，我会照顾孩子们。While you are not at home, I will _ the children.随练1.2 毫无疑问，中国人最了解茶文化。_, the Chinese know about tea culture best.随练1.3 请帮我在字典里查一下这个单词。Please help me _ this wor

30、d in the dictionary.随练1.4 你何不在错误的旁边写下正确的拼写呢？Why dont you _ the correct spelling next to the mistake?随练1.5 我们希望青少年远离香烟。We hope that teenagers can _ from cigarettes.随练1.6 你愿意参观我们的新学校吗？_ to visit our new school?随练1.7 大家正盼望着暑假呢。We _ the summer holiday.随练1.8 自古以来，有各种各样的节日在世界各地举行。Festivals of all kinds _

31、since ancient times.随练1.9 他高兴地对妈妈说他已经完成了家庭作业。He said happily to his mother he _ the homework.随练1.10 夏季桑德拉每天下午都去河里去游泳。Sandra _ swimming in the river every day in summer.随练1.11 那会当我进来时爷爷正在听收音机。My grandpa _ to the radio when I came in.随练1.12 哥哥花了一个星期教我弹吉他。_to play the guitar.随练1.13 来吧，孩子们！该吃午饭了。Come on

32、, children. _ to have lunch.随练1.14 今天天气很好。为什么不出去散散步呢？Its fine today. _ go out for a walk?随练1.15 你最好不要过分依赖父母，学会照顾自己。_ your parents, and learn to look after yourself.自我总结课后作业作业1 他和他的同学在学校一样积极。He is _ his classmates at school.作业2 瞧！孩子们正在教室里根据图片编一个故事。Look! The children are _ a story for the picture in t

33、he classroom.作业3 她还没有长大到能够养活自己。她必须依靠父母。She is not old enough to support herself. She has to _ her parents.作业4 我们需要想出一些新的办法使污水清洁。We need to _ some new ideas to make polluted water clean.作业5 因为下雨，我们决定将比赛推迟到明天。Because of the rain, we decided to _ the match until tomorrow.作业6 假如每个人遵守交通规则，将会有很少的事故。If eve

34、ryone _ the traffic rules, there will be fewer accident.作业7 明晚将会有一场聚会，我会跟我的姐姐们一起去。There _ a party tomorrow evening. Ill go with my sisters.作业8 昨天早上老师让我帮助吉姆学功课。Yesterday morning, the teacher _ Jim with his lessons.作业9 我们必须自己在午饭前完成这项工作吗？Must the work _ by ourselves before lunch?作业10 电脑在全世界被广泛应用。Comput

35、ers _ by people around the world.作业11 很多医护人员太忙了，顾不上吃饭。Many doctors and nurses are _ have their meals.作业12 李雷不但学习好，而且与同学们相处得也好。Li Lei _ his classmates.作业13 我的电脑坏了。你能帮我修一下吗？_ my computer. Could you help me mend it?作业14 他花了很多时间在电脑游戏上。He _ the computer games.作业15 北京的援建工人一到什邡就开始工作了。The workers from Beiji

36、ng started working _ they arrived in Shifang.答案解析完成句子题模精选题模一：短语与固定搭配例1.1.1【答案】 tells me not to look down upon other.【解析】 考查短语与固定搭配。tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事，look down upon sb. 瞧不起某人例1.1.2【答案】 pick up【解析】 考查短语与固定搭配。pick up捡起，Could you please do sth.?请你做好吗？题模二：时态和语态例1.2.1【答案】 paid for【解析】 考

37、查时态。pay for支付，yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语。例1.2.2【答案】 have taken place【解析】 考查时态。take place发生，since为现在完成时的时间状语。例1.2.3【答案】 should be cooked【解析】 考查被动语态。The soup与cook之前是被动关系，并且含有情态动词的被动语态should be done。题模三：固定句型例1.3.1【答案】 Its good for【解析】 考查固定句型。Its +形容词+(for sb.) to do sth. 此句型中it做形式主语。例1.3.2【答案】 What/ How abou

38、t【解析】 考查固定句型。What/ How about? 用来询问对方的情况或看法。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】 look after/ take care of【解析】 考点短语和固定搭配。look after/ take care of照顾、照料。随练1.2【答案】 Without doubt【解析】 考点短语和固定搭配。Without doubt毫无疑问。随练1.3【答案】 look up【解析】 考点短语和固定搭配。look up查找。随练1.4【答案】 write down【解析】 考点短语和固定搭配。write down写下、记下。随练1.5【答案】 stay/ keep away

39、【解析】 考点短语和固定搭配。stay/ keep away from 远离。随练1.6【答案】 Would you like【解析】 考查固定句型。Would you like to do sth.? 你愿意做某事吗？随练1.7【答案】 are looking forward to【解析】 考查时态。由中文句意中的“正”字可知是现在进行时。look forward to 期盼、期待。随练1.8【答案】 have been held everywhere【解析】 考查时态和语态。since为现在完成时的时间状语。Festivals与“举行”之间是被动关系。随练1.9【答案】 had finis

40、hed【解析】 考查时态。主句为一般过去时，由语境可知，从句中动作要先于主动中动词发生，故从句用过去完成时。随练1.10【答案】 goes【解析】 考查时态。every day为一般现在时的时间状语。go swimming游泳。随练1.11【答案】 was listening【解析】 考查时态。过去进行时when引导的从句：sb. was/ were doing when sb. did。随练1.12【答案】 It took my brother a week to teach me how【解析】 考查固定句型。It takes/ took sb. time to do sth. 花费某人一

41、段时间做某事。随练1.13【答案】 Its time【解析】 考查固定句型。Its time to do sth. 是做某事的时间了。随练1.14【答案】 Why not/ Why dont you【解析】 考查固定句型。Why not/ Why dont you do sth.? 为什么不做某事呢？随练1.15【答案】 Youd better not depend on【解析】 考查固定句型。had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事。课后作业作业1【答案】 as active as【解析】 考查短语和固定搭配。as+形容词原级+as“像一样”。作业2【答案】 mak

42、ing up【解析】 考查短语和固定搭配。make up编造。作业3【答案】 depend on【解析】 考查短语和固定搭配。depend on依靠、依赖。作业4【答案】 come up with【解析】 考查短语和固定搭配。come up with想出（办法）。作业5【答案】 put off【解析】 考查短语和固定搭配。put off推迟、延期。作业6【答案】 follows/ obeys【解析】 考查时态。If表“如果、假如”引导条件状语从句，时态为主将从现。follow/ obey rule遵守规则。作业7【答案】 is going to be/ will be【解析】 考查时态。tom

43、orrow evening为一般将来时的时间状语。there is going to be/ there will be。作业8【答案】 asked me to help【解析】 考查时态。Yesterday morning为一般过去时的时间状语。ask sb. to do 让某人做某事。作业9【答案】 be finished【解析】 考查时态和语态。work 与finish之间是被动关系，并且含有情态动词用must be done。作业10【答案】 are widely used【解析】 考查时态和语态。语境陈述的是现在的状况故用一般现在时。并且Computers与中文句意中的“应用”之间是

44、被动关系，故用被动语态。作业11【答案】 so busy that they cant/ too busy to【解析】 考查固定句型。sothat如此以至于/ tooto太而不能。作业12【答案】 not only does well in his lessons but also gets on well with【解析】 考查固定句型。not onlybut also不但而且，do well in在某方面做得好，get on well with sb.与某人相处得好。作业13【答案】 There is something wrong with【解析】 考查固定句型。there is something wrong with有毛病/问题。作业14【答案】 spent much time on【解析】 考查固定句型。sb. spend time on sth.某人花费时间在某物上。作业15【答案】 as soon as【解析】 考查固定句型。as soon as 一就。