北京市西城区北师大二附中2022届高三上学期期中考试英语试题 WORD版含答案.docx
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1、北京师范大学二附中2021-2022学年高二第一学期期中考试英 语2021.11本试卷共 14页,共100分。考试时间为90分钟。1. 考生务必将答案填写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。2. 答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答,非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。第一部分:完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Take an OptionJerry was a natural motivator. He w
2、as always in a good mood and always had something 1 to say, which really made me curious. One day I went up to ask him how he did that. “Well, life is all about 2 . Its your option how you live your life,” Jerry replied.Soon I moved to another city. Several months later, I heard that Jerry was serio
3、usly injured in the chest while skiing. 3 , he was found quickly and rushed to the hospital. After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, he was 4 from the hospital. Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had 5 his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snow, I knew I had two opti
4、ons: One was to live, the other was to die. I chose to live,” Jerry said. “The paramedics (急救人员) were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they 6 me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors, I got really 7 . In their eyes, I read, Hes a de
5、ad man. I knew I needed to take action. I told them, Operate on me as if Im alive, not dead. You see, I just tried to 8 their confidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing 9 to live. Jerry has taught me a lot. I learn from him that every day we
6、have the choice to live fully. Your 10 , after all, is everything.1. A. regularB. familiar C. positive D. typical2. A. choices B. trendsC. relations D. secrets3. A. NormallyB. Obviously C. Hopefully D. Luckily4. A. preservedB. abandoned C. distinguished D. released 5. A. gone through B. called forC.
7、 turned in D. put up6. A. forcedB. followed C. recommended D. wheeled 7. A. boredB. frightened C. embarrassed D. confused 8. A. express B. share C. gain D. inspire9. A. talent B. achievementC. desire D. evidence10. A. attitude B. standard C. abilityD. control第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,共30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,共22.
8、5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAmsterdam Destination Guide Amsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world, famous for its beautiful canals, top art museums, cycling culture and so on. It is the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands and often refer
9、red to as the “Venice of the North” because of its expansive system of bridges and canals. Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam.Boom SeasonPopulationLanguage(s)Currency January ClimateJuly ClimateMay to October813,562DutchEuroAverage high: 5.8 CAverage high:
10、 22.0 CMust-See Attractions Most visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre, which is full of traditional architecture, shopping centers, and coffee shops. Youll also want to check out Amsterdams Museum Quarter in the South District, which is great for shopping at the Albert Cuyp Mar
11、ket and having a picnic in the Vondelpark. The top museums to visit there are the Rijksmusuem, the Ann Frank House, and the Van Gogh Museum.If You Have Time There are several other unique districts in Amsterdam, and you should try to explore as many of them as time allows. The Canal Ring is a UNESCO
12、 World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today. The Plantage area has most of the citys museums, including the Jewish Historical Museum, the Scheepvaart Museum, and the botanical gardens.Money Saving Tipsl Unle
13、ss you really want to see the tulips (郁金香) blooming, avoid booking between mid-March and mid-May. This is when hotel and flight prices rise.l Look for accommodations in Amsterdams South District, where rates are generally cheaper than in the city center.l Buy train tickets at the machine instead of
14、the counter to save a bit of money.l Instead of hiring a tour guide, hop on a canal boat. Theyre inexpensive and will give you a unique point of view of the city. Check outto view price comparisons for flights, hotels, and rental cars before you book.11. What can be learned about Amsterdam from this
15、 passage? A. Amsterdam is called the “Venice of the North” because of its location. B. The Van Gogh Museum lies in Amsterdams Museum Quarter. C. The Old Centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. D. The Canal Ring is a place to attract garden lovers.12. In order to save money in Amsterdam, you can _. A
16、. arrange a guided canal tour B. buy train tickets at the counter C. reserve a hotel in the South District D. book flights between mid-March and mid-May 13. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A magazine. B. An essay. C. A report. D. A website.BFlying HighBarrington Irving made his his
17、toric flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that star
18、ts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents bookstore. One customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving if hed thought about becoming a pilot. “I told him I didnt think I was smart enough; but the next day
19、he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the commercial airplane he flew, and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at hom
20、e on a $40 flight simulator (模拟) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system, and just $30 in his pocket
21、. “I like to do things people say I cant do.”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami. “It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever
22、since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation (航空), aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to ac
23、complish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irvings most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23, he said, “Everyone told me I was too young, that I didnt have enough experience, strength, or knowledge. They told me it wou
24、ld take forever and Id never come home. Well . guess what?” 14. According to Irving, what is the most important in achieving success? A. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C. Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D. Developing
25、communication with different organizations.15. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that _. A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB. he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC. he knew his efforts would be rewardedD. he realized immediately how lucky he was16. What can we le
26、arn about Irving in Paragraph 3? A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B. He was finally given enough money to keep going. C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.17. Irving set up his non-profit-making organi
27、zation because _.A. he hoped to become a public figureB. he expected to start a business in other fieldsC. he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD. he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldCOver the past half-century, scientists have settled on two reasonable theories re
28、lated to baby talk. One states that a young childs brain needs time to master language. The second theory states that a childs vocabulary level is the key factor. According to this theory, some key steps have to occur in a logical sequence before sentence formation occurs. In 2007, researchers at Ha
29、rvard University, who were studying the two theories, found a clever way to test them. More than 20,000 internationally adopted children enter the U.S. each year. Many of them no longer hear their birth language after they arrive, and they must learn English more or less the same way infants (婴儿) do
30、. International adoptees dont take classes or use a dictionary when they are learning their new tongue. All of these factors make them an ideal population in which researchers could test these competing theories about how language is learned.Neuroscientists Jesse Snedeker, Joy Geren and Carissa Shaf
31、to studied the language development of 27 children adopted from India between the ages of two and five years. These children began learning English at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains. Even so, just as American-born infants, their first English sentences consisted of single wo
32、rds. The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American-born children, though at a faster clip. The adoptees and native children started combining words in sentences when their vocabulary reached the same sizes, further suggesting that what matters is not how old you are or how matur
33、e your brain is, but the number of words you know.This findingthat having more mature brains did not help the adoptees avoid the baby talk stagesuggests that babies speak in baby talk not because they have baby brains, but because they have only just started learning and need time to gain enough voc
34、abulary. Before long, the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on. Learning how to chat like an adult is a gradual process.But this finding also raises an even older and more difficult question. Adult immigrants who learn a second language rarely achieve the same proficiency in
35、a foreign language as the average child raised as a native speaker. Researchers have long suspected there is a “critical period” for language development, after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency. Yet we still do not understand this critical period or know why it ends. 18. What is
36、the writers main purpose in Paragraph 2?A. To argue that culture affects the way children learn a language.B. To give reasons why adopted children were used in the study.C. To reject the view that adopted children need two languages.D. To justify a particular approach to language learning.19. What d
37、oes the Harvard finding show?A. Language learning takes place in ordered steps.B. Some children need more conversation than others.C. Children with more mature brains skip baby talk stage.D. Vocabulary makes little difference to sentence formation.20. When the writer says “critical period”, he means
38、 a period when _.A. children start to learn a second languageB. immigrants want to learn another language C. adults need to be taught by native speakersD. language learners may achieve native-like fluency 21. What does this passage mainly talk about?A. What is baby talk.B. Why babies learn a second
39、language easily.C. What affects childrens language development.D. How children expand their vocabulary gradually. DRecently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliab
40、ly measured, whats less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly
41、 growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directio
42、nality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms. Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indica
43、ting that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about
44、environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it.
45、People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility (敏感性) to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk.Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while
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