2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：选修八 UNIT 3　INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS WORD版含答案.doc

1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions阅读词汇1.patent n. 专利证书;专利权2.courtyard n.院子;庭院;天井3.walnut n.胡桃;胡桃木4.powder n.粉末;火药5.perfume n.香水;香味6.version n.版本;译本7.extension n.电话分机;扩大;延伸8.triangle n.三角形;三角形物体9.criterion n.(pl.criteria)(评判的)标准;尺度10.string n.线;绳子;一串11.glue n.胶;胶水vt.粘贴;粘合12.greengrocer n.蔬菜水果商(pl.)蔬菜水果店1

2、3.refrigerator n.冰箱14.jam n.堵塞;阻塞;果酱15.microphone n.麦克风;话筒16.multiple adj.多种的;多样的;多类型的n.倍数17.dynamic adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的18.personnel n.人力资源;人事部;全体人员19.helicopter n.直升机20.cube n.立方体;立方21.cubic adj.立方的识记词汇1.distinguish vi.&vt. 显示的差别;使有所不同;辨别2.merciful adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的3.product n.产品4.abrupt adj.突然

3、的;意外的5.abruptly adv.突然地;唐突地6.convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近的7.caution n.小心;谨慎8.expectation n.预料;期待;期望9.passive adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的识记词汇10.merry adj. 愉快的;高兴的11.merrily adv.高兴地;愉快地12.seize vt.抓住;捉住;夺13.recognition n.认出;认可;承认14.claim n.& vt.要求;声称;主张15.file n.文件;档案;文件夹vt.提交;将归档petence n.能力;胜任;本领17.valid adj.有效的

4、;确凿的18.ripe adj.熟的;成熟的19.freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的20.identification n.鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明21.dial vt.拨(电话)22.rainfall n.降雨23.innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的24.bear vt.忍受;忍耐;负担25.forehead n.额头26.occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地27.tap vt.& vi.轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头28.current n.(水或气)流;电流adj.现在的;当前的29.stable adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的30.i

5、nvaluable adj.无价的;极宝贵的31.associate vt.联想;联系n.同伴;伙伴32.practical adj.实际的;实践的;实用的33.directory n.电话簿;商行名录拓展词汇1.distinguish vi.&vt.显示的差别;使有所不同;辨别distinguished adj.著名的;卓越的;杰出的2.merciful adj.宽大的;慈悲的;仁慈的merciless adj.残忍的;无情的mercy n.宽恕;仁慈3.product n.产品produce v.生产producer n.生产者;制片人4.convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近

6、的convenience n.方便;便利conveniently adv.便利地拓展词汇5.caution n.小心;谨慎cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地;谨慎地6.expectation n.预料;期待;期望expect v.预料;期待;期望;认为7.recognition n.认出;认可;承认recognize vt.认出;识别;承认8.freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的freeze v.冰冻frozen adj.冻结的9.identification n.鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明identity n.身份;同一性identical ad

7、j.同一的;完全相同的identify v.确定;鉴别10.innocent adj.清白的;天真的;无罪的innocence n.天真;清白11.occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地occasional adj.偶然的occasion n.时机;机会;场合12.associate vt.联想;联系 n.同伴;伙伴association n.联系;联盟;协会13.practical adj.实际的;实践的;实用的practice n.实践;练习 v.练习;训练petence n.能力;胜任;本领competent adj.能胜任的;称职的;有能力的短语记忆1.call up给打电话

8、2.get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过3.set about开始;着手4.now and then偶尔;有时5.dive into迅速把手伸入;一心投入6.set out (to do)=set about (doing)开始(做)7.hang on不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住8.out of order次序颠倒;发生故障句型整理Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mi

9、nd.跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。重点语法Revise the Past Participle as the Attribute,Predicative and Object Complement(复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语)1.distinguish vi.& vt.辨别;显示的差别归纳拓展distinguish.from.区分,辨别,使具有区别于的特征be distinguished for.因而出名distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的distinguish between.and.区分辨别和单句填空No on

10、e will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished (distinguish) writer.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解A)Because he is distinguished for a great discovery,he has won the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stra

11、nger.2.convenient adj.方便的,便利的;就近的归纳拓展It is convenient for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是方便的be convenient for.对方便for convenience 为了方便at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候完成句子用信息卡付款非常方便。It is very convenient to pay by credit card.为了方便起见我们买了这座房子,它靠近商店和火车站。We bought this house for convenience,its near the shops and the

12、 railway station.I sincerely hope that you can accept my earnest invitation and can reply to me at your earliest convenience(你方便的时候).(2017年11月浙江,应用文写作) convenient的主语是事或物而非人。例如:表示“在你方便的时候,可随时来看我。”时,应译为Come to see me whenever it is convenient to you.而不是Come to see me whenever you are convenient.。3.bea

13、r vt.忍耐,忍受;生育;承担;负责归纳拓展cant bear doingto do sth.不能忍受做某事bear responsibilitythe blame for.为承担责任受责备bear in mind牢记;记住;铭记不忘完成句子然而,你应该铭记一个基本点。However,you should bear in mind an essential point.她受不了他拿她开心。 She cant bear him making fun of her.4.seize v.抓住,抓取;没收,查封;扣押归纳拓展seizegrasp a chancean opportunity to d

14、oof doing sth.抓住机会做某事seize onupon 抓住,攫取;利用,采用seize sb.by the+部位seize+部位抓住某人的(该结构中the不能替换成形容词性物主代词,如hisher等)完成句子你应该紧紧抓住这次出国工作的机会。You should seize the opportunity to work abroad with both hands.她一直想去伦敦,因此她把握住这个免费提供的旅行机会。She had always wanted to go to London,so she seized on the offer of a free trip.毫无

15、警示地,一切都来了,我完全被恐惧吓住了。All this coming, without warning, I was seized by fear.(2018年6月浙江,读后续写)5.associate vt.联想;联系 n.同伴;伙伴归纳拓展associate.with.使与联系起来associate with sb.与某人交往be associated with与有关in association with与联合单句填空Many serious health problems are associated with smoking.The idea is that white coats

16、are associated(associate) with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.(2017年11月浙江,阅读理解B)1.call up 给打电话;征召入伍;(使)回忆起归纳拓展call for sth.sb.需要;要求;(去)接某人call onupon sb.号召;拜访(某人)call at (火车等)停靠;拜访某地call off 取消call in请来,召来;收回用call的相关短语填空大海的气息勾起了她对童年的回忆。The smell of the sea call

17、ed up the memories of her childhood.如果需要一个安静的环境,你甚至可以把电视调到静音而仅戴着耳机听声音。You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute if the situation calls for a quiet environment.她呼吁白宫给予帮助。She called on the White House to help.“拜访某人”可用如下说法:call on sb.;drop in onupon sb.;pay a visit to sb.;go o

18、n a visit to sb.;visit sb.。“拜访某地”可用如下说法:call at sp.;drop in at sp.;pay a visit to sp.;go on a visit to sp.;visit sp.。2.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完,通过(考试);完成;用完;使某人理解;度过归纳拓展get across 为人所理解get alongon. 进展;与相处get away (from) 走开,离开,脱身get down to 开始认真做某事(to是介词)get over 克服,摆脱(某种情绪)用get的相关短语填空她的电话整天占

19、线,因此我没能联系上她。I couldnt get through to her because her phone was busy all day.我怎么做才能让你们这些人理解这件事的重要性?How can I get it across to you people how important this is?因为她,我已经学会了克服生活中的艰难困苦,也学会了如何继续努力。Ive learned to get over bad lifes experiences and learned how to move on because of her.3.set about着手;开始归纳拓展se

20、t out出发;开始;打算set up建立;创立set off出发;使爆炸set aside留出;撤销set down记下用set的相关短语完成句子他一回到家,就开始打扫乱七八糟的东西。The moment he arrived home,he set about cleaning up the messset out to clean up the mess.我们越早开始就可以越早完成这项工作。The sooner we set about the work the sooner well finish.我们开始油漆整座房子,但只完成了前面部分。We set out to paint the

21、 whole houseset about painting the whole house but finished only the front part. 表示“着手做某事”时,set about相当于set out,但用法不同:set about(doing)sth.=set out to do sth.。Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会

22、发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。本句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,第一句相当于一个条件句,第二句是在第一句的基础上出现的结果。归纳拓展此结构还有另外三种形式:祈使句+or+陈述句(=if.not,+主句),祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果,常译为“不然的话;否则”。名词短语+and+陈述句,名词短语中通常含有more,another等词。其中名词短语表示一个条件,并列连词and后的简单句则表示一个较好的结果,谓语常用一般将来时。祈使句+破折号+陈述句,其中破折号起到and的作用,从正面预测结果。一句多译努力学习,否则你就会考不及格。Work hard,or youll fail in your exams.If you dont work hard,youll fail in your exams.You will fail in your exams unless you work hard.