2019春人教新课标高二英语选修八教案：UNIT2 CLONING 点击同位语的用法 .doc

1、点击同位语的用法在句中指代同一事物，用以说明或解释该事物的成分叫做同位语。单词、短语和从句都可用作同位语；同位语通常位于所说明的先行词之后，常用来说明身份、职务及称号等情况。1. 名词或名词性短语作同位语，有时可用逗号与其说明的名词分开；代词、数词作同位语，一般不用逗号分隔。如：Mr Brown, one of my best friends, enjoys watching TV. 我的一位好朋友布朗先生喜欢看电视。（one of my best friends作Mr Brown的同位语）They each have different opinions about it. 他们对那件事各有

2、不同的意见。（each作they的同位语）She bought some apples for us three. 她给我们三个人买了些苹果。（three作us的同位语）2. 动名词、动词不定式、形容词及介词短语作同位语，有时用逗号分隔。如：He tried to achieve the impossible, earning a million dollars in a week. 他试图实现不可能的事，即一周赚一百万美元。（动名词作同位语）He has a plan to rebuild this city. 他有重建这座城市的计划。（动词不定式作同位语）He read all kinds

3、 of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 他读了很多书，古今中外都有。（形容词作同位语）3. especially, mainly, mostly, for example, namely, that is, that is to say, or, in other words, such as, say, chiefly等单词或短语后面均可接同位语。如：Only one person can do the job, namely you. 只有一个人能做这项工作，那就是你。He is coming next Friday, tha

4、t is to say, on the 25th. 他下星期五，也就是二十五号来。4. 同位语从句一般放在它所解释或说明的名词的后面，但有时为了避免头重脚轻或使句子的结构更加紧凑，可将同位语从句放在句末，从而造成同位语从句被谓语动词或其他成分词分隔的现象。如：Word came that he left for Shanghai yesterday. 消息传来说他昨天去上海了。（同位语从句被came分隔）5. advice （建议）, demand, sugges- tion, proposal, order, request等名词后面的同位语从句，谓语动词常用“(should +) 动词原形”构成的虚拟语气。如：He gave orders that the work (should) be done at once. 他下令那项工作要立刻完成。The old pianist wouldnt listen to our repeated request that he (should) play in public again. 我们一再恳求那位老钢琴家再公开演奏一次，但他却不答应。