吉林蛟河市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（3）及答案.doc

1、吉林蛟河市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（3）及答案阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C 和D)中, 选出最佳选项。Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any giv

2、en product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developi

3、ng their own.Celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today theyre started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful s

4、tart-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, theres a related warning tale of a celebri

5、ty who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) retur

6、ning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebritys shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him

7、 fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the egos(自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure

8、always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashionlike celebrityhas always been temporary.43. Fashion magazines today .A. seldom put models on the coverB. no longer put models on the coverC. need not worry about celebrities market potentialD. judge the marke

9、t potential of every celebrity correctly44. A change in the consumer market can be found today that .A. price rather than brand name is more concernedB. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisementsC. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisementsD. quality rather than th

10、e outside of products is more concerned45. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly .A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsB. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicC. cut short the artistic career o

11、f a celebrity in show businessD. influence the price of a celebritys products46. The passage is mainly about .A. celebrity and personal styleB. celebrity and market potentialC. celebrity and fashion designD. celebrity and clothing industry【参考答案】43-46ADAB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。(The Affec

12、t of Electricity on Cancer) Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with in

13、creased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subj

14、ect is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimateor the worst kind of paranoia. Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of

15、a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link” between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fieldsthose having v

16、ery longwave-lengthsand leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.” The report is no reason to panicor even to lost

17、 sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the Whit House. But now no one can deny that the issue must

18、be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, tit generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismis

19、sed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earths own magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power

20、 line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be tha

21、t they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing” radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are reg

22、ulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those

23、effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document” toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no s

24、uggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,” the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.” Then Pentagons concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depe

25、nd on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.1.The main idea of this passage is A. studies on the cause of cancer . controversial view-points in the cause of cancerC. the relationship between e

26、lectricity and cancer.D. different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner.2.The view-point of the EPA is A. there is casual link between electricity and cancer. electricity really affects cancer.C. controversial.D.low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer3.Why did the

27、 Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? BecauseA. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment.C. the Pentagons concern was understandable.D. they had diffe

28、rent arguments.4.It can be inferred from physical phenomenonA. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate.C. electromagnetic field may affect health.D. only more powerful radiation

29、 can knock electron out of human body.5.What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?A.They are indifferent. . They are worried very much.C. The may exercise prudent avoidance. C. They are shocked.Vocabulary1. preposterous 反常的，十分荒谬的，乖戾的2. leukemia 白血病3. malignancy

30、 恶性肿瘤4. legitimate 合法的，合理的5. paranoia 偏执狂，妄想狂。这里指：无根据的担心。6. lymphoma 淋巴瘤7. carcinogen 致癌物8. minuscule 很小的，很不重要9. consensus 舆论10. wallop 乱窜，猛冲，冲击力11. epidemiological 流行病学的12. blistering 罗嗦的，胡扯的13. critique 评论，批评14. imprimatur 出版许可（官方审查后的），批准难句译注1. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and o

31、ften contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimateor the worst kind of paranoia.参考译文 由于这问题的证据还不是结论性的，而且常常是矛盾的，所以就难以断定有关电力对身体的影响的顾虑是合乎情理，还是毫无根据的怀疑。2. EPAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency 美国环境保护署3 While the report falls short (缺乏，不够)

32、 of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.”参考译文 虽然报告没有把极低频磁场归类为可能致癌物，但它确实指出通常60赫兹的磁场是“一种虽尚未证实，但可能导致人患癌症的因素。” 4 The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great

33、 deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the Whit House参考译文 证据争议性仍然很大，所以报告草案在布什政府内引起巨大的争辩，而环保署无视无角大楼和白宫的强烈反对，公布了这份报告。5. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.参考译文 这远比细胞所产生的电磁场低的多。6. and

34、 for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body.参考译文而且几十年来，科学家专注于更为强大的辐射类别，如光射线，其聚合的冲击力足以把电子从组成人体的分子中撞出来。7. But epidemiological studies, which find statistical assoc

35、iations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect.参考译文 可是流行病学的研究发现，几组资料在数据方面有所关联，却没有证实其因果关系。8. a body of laboratory work 一批研究成果。9. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document” toward proving a link.参考译文

36、 在长达33页的对环保署文件的十分尖锐的批评中，空军方面的科学家指责，作者歪曲整个文件以证明癌症和电磁场之间的关联。10. It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.参考译文 令人惊讶的是环保署竟然批准许可这份报告的出笼。写作方法与文章大意文章以问答的方式，对比的写作方法，写出了围绕电力是否影响健康是否致癌因素的两种观点，及其观点的依据。一种是美国环境保护署为代表的：极低频磁场是一种可能但还未被证实的致癌因素，而且无视白宫和五角大楼反对，公布了这份报告。理由是科学证据提出了两者之间的关联偶然性

37、。另一种以空军中科学家为主的观点：电磁场不会诱发或触发癌症，而且以歪曲整个文件来证明两者之关系，批评了环保署。其理由人人皆知。因军队中任一单位都有点从地面雷达到舰艇飞机防卫系统。答案祥解1. D 电力对癌症影响的不同观点。文章一开始就提出了“电会致癌吗？”这个问题。十多年来，一大批科学家和新闻界人士都指出：研究结果似乎表示：接触电磁场可能会增加患白血病和其他恶性肿瘤的危险性。所以说到目前为止还难以确定电力对健康的影响究竟是理性的，还是杞人忧天。见难句注释1。第二段公布了环保署的报告，见难句注释3。第三段说明：即使有致癌危险也是极微的。但应予以认真对待，进行更多的研究。而第七段中空军方面的科学家

38、还没有被说服（见难句注释9），明确提出，我们的评论员认为没有迹象说明环境中存在的电力会诱发或促发癌症。A. 对致癌因素的研究。 B. 致癌原因方面有争议的观点，这两项根本部队，和文内电力毫无关系。 C. 电力和癌症的关系，文中涉及的是电力究竟会不会致癌的两种观点，而不是两者之关系。2. A. 电和致癌有一定难以确定的关系。答案在第二段第三句，环保署目前的结论是据科学证据指出极低频电磁场具有长波的电磁场和白血病，淋巴瘤及脑癌之间有着难以确定的联系，见难句注释3。A. 电确实致癌，不对。 C. 有争议的。说的不够清楚，争议什么。 D. 低频磁场是一个可能致癌因素。这只是论点的一面。3. B. 现代

39、军事的任何部门都一直依赖于应用大量应用电子设备。五角大楼和白宫所以反对环保署公布报告之理由就在此。空军方面的专家所以说环保署方面的报告“歪曲了整个文件以证明两者之间的关系”也在此。见难句注释4。所以文内说“角大楼的关注是可以理解的。”A. 报告会在布什政府内引起大规模的辩论，这是结果。 C. 五角大楼的关注是可以理解的，这不是原因。 D. 他们有不同的观点。4. A.磁场力太弱不会产生有害作用。答案在第四段第二，三句，当电流通过电缆，产生磁场，对周围物体产生（影响）力。许多年来，科学家把任何有关“这些力可能有害的想法”置于一边（不予考虑），主要是因为它们（所产生的力）非常弱。B. 磁场力比细胞

40、产生的电磁场弱。只是明确指出的事实。 C. 磁场力对人的健康有害。不对。 D. 只有更强的辐射才能把人体中的电子击出来。不对。5. C. 他们会采取谨慎小心避开电器的途径。因为他们不可能象A项那样漠不关心。这种问题直接影响人的生命。B. 他们非常担忧。 D. 他们感到震惊，这两项都不可能，因为还在争议中，唯一的途径是尽量避开和电器接触。新闻报道型阅读理解BARCELONA (Reuters)“Galactic Suite”， the first hotel planned in space, expects to open for business in 2012 and would allo

41、w guests to travel around the world in 80 minutes.Its architects say the space hotel will be the most expensive in the galaxy(银河系), costing $4 million for a threeday stay.During that time guests would see the sunrise 15 times a day and use Velcro suits to crawl around their pod rooms by sticking the

42、mselves to the walls like Spiderman.Company director Xavier Claramunt says the threebedroom hotels joined up pod structure，which makes it look like a model of molecules, was dictated by the fact that each pod room had to fit inside a rocket to be taken into space.“Its the bathrooms in zero gravity t

43、hat are the biggest challenge，” says Claramunt, “How to accommodate the more private activities of the guests is not easy.”But they may have solved the issue of how to take a shower in weightlessnessthe guests will enter a spa room in which babbles of water will float around.When guests are not admi

44、ring the view from their portholes(舷窗), they will take part in scientific experiments on space travel.“There is fear associated with going into space，” said Claramunt.“Thats why the shuttle rocket will remain fixed to the space hotel for the duration of the guests stay, so they know they can get hom

45、e again.”In an era of concern over climate change, Galaxy Suite have no plans so far to offset the pollution problems of sending a rocket to carry just six guests at a time into space.“But，” says Claramunt, “Im hopeful that the impact of seeing the earth from a distance will stimulate the guests urg

46、e to value and protect our planet.”()1.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A“Galactic Suite”： the best hotel planned in spaceBFly me to the moon: space hotel sees 2012 openingCFly to the moon: a greatest dream for humansDBuilding a space hotel: a dream or a reality()2.Which o

47、f the following is NOT what guests can do in “Galactic Suite”？AWatching the sunrise.BTaking a weightless shower.CDoing scientific experiment.DWalking in space.()3.According to the text, the last paragraph means that _.Aeach of us has the duty to protect our earthBspace travel helps improve peoples s

48、ense of protecting the earthCseeing from space will have a great impact on peoples lifeDmany guests have the urge to value and protect the earth()4.Suppose we will travel to space, the following will be the problems we must solve EXCEPT_.AweightlessnessBfearCpollution Dmoney()5.The author writes the

49、 text in order to_.Aremind people of pollution problems on the earthBtell us a bright dream of going to spaceCexplain some problems existing in space travelDreport a space hotel to be completed by 2012【解析】 本文为新闻，主要报道了建太空旅馆的情况。1B文章大意题。本文主要报道了建太空旅馆的情况。这是一个事实而不是梦想，故可排除C和D。2D细节理解题。由第三段During that time g

50、uests would see the sunrise 15 times a day可知A项正确；由第六段take a shower in weightlessnessthe guests will enter a spa room in which babbles of water will float around可知B项正确；由第七段they will take part in scientific experiments on space travel可知C项正确。D在文中没有提及。3B段落大意题。由最后一段Claramunt所说的话可知，他主要讲了从太空看地球对保护地球环境的作用，故B项正确。4C推理判断题。三天游花费四百万美元的确很贵，如体验太空游，当然需要先解决资金问题，其次，第六段提到they may have solved the issue of how to take a shower in weightlessness，即失重问题；第八段提到There is fear associated with going into space，即恐惧感，污染问题是地球上的问题，由此知选项C正确。5D推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了太空旅馆即将在2012年建成的消息，故D正确。