安徽省合肥市第一中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期第一次质量检测试题（Word版附解析）.docx

1、合肥一中2024届高三第一次教学质量检测卷英语考生注意：1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所

2、给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is woman going to do this afternoon?A. Take an important test. B. Hang out with Alex. C. Prepare for an exam.2. How much should the man pay?A. $2.10 B. $2.30. C. $2.90.3. What is probably the woman?A. A customer. B. A shop assistan

3、t. C. A manager.4. What does Lily think of eating raw food?A. Harmful. B. Healthy. C. Strange.5. Why does the woman move to a new place?A. For convenience. B. For friendly neighbors. C. For a quiet environment.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅

4、读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两道。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How much does the regular mail cost?A. $15. B. $20. C. $24.7. What does the woman want to buy?A. A package. B. Two stamps. C. Some envelopes.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Who will the man talk to?A. Mrs. Collins. B. Mr. Hunter. C. Miss Brown.9. When w

5、ill the speakers meet?A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 2:15 pm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What will the woman probably use the car for?A. Going on long trips. B. Picking up her kid. C. Visiting her hometown.11. Why does the man know so much about cars?A. Hes a car salesman. B. Hes interested in cars.

6、C. Hes a professional driver.12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Electric cars.B. Environment protection.C. Advantages of gas-powered cars.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What has caused the woman to quit her current job?A. The low salary. B. The long working hours. C. The jobs dark future.14. Ho

7、w did the woman know about the position?A. From a newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a friend.15. What does the woman want to be?A. A director. B. A fashion editor. C. An advertising designer.16. How does the woman probably sound?A. Nervous. B. Annoyed. C. Confident.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How m

8、any African countries has Dieuveil Malonga visited?A 30. B. 38. C. 54.18. What has Dieuveil Malonga done?A. He has set up a website.B. He has offered cooking courses.C. He has planted many African vegetables.19. Where did Dieuveil Malonga start to learn to cook?A. In France. B. In Germany. C. In Rwa

9、nda.20. What can we learn about the restaurant?A. It is devoted to training more African chefs.B. It promotes traditional African cooking methods.C. It is not cheap at all even to have an average meal there.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGenerations of c

10、reators have improved our lives with everything that touches off our imagination. Here are some of the brilliant inventors.Ellen Swallow Richards (1842 1911)After earning a bachelors degree from Vassar College in 1870, Richards was accepted as a “special student”at all-male MIT, becoming the first w

11、oman in the United States to attend a science school. She conducted a huge survey of water quality in Massachusetts, an effort that led to the first state water-quality standards in US.Gregor Mendel (1822 1884)In the mid-1800s, he experimented with pea plants to determine how physical features pass

12、from one generation to the next. The experiments established the basic rules needed to cross-breed (杂交繁殖) plants to create a new variety with desired characteristics.Ray Kroc (1902 1984)As the founder of McDonalds restaurants, Kroc changed the way Americans eat. In 1954, Kroc was selling industrial

13、mixers and visited the California restaurant of two of his best customers, Maurice and Richard McDonald. Kroc was impressed by the methods the brothers used to make their hamburgers, cheeseburgers, French fries, and milkshakes.Kroc, an Illinois native, talked the McDonalds into allowing him to creat

14、e a group of drive-in hamburger restaurants using their methods and name. The first of his restaurants opened in Des Plaines, Illinois, on April 15, 1955.Jane Jacobs (1916 2006)Jacobs was not a formally trained urban planner and didnt have a college degree, but her intelligent views on community pla

15、nning changed the way Americans thought about cities. In her 1961 book, Death and Life of Great American Cities, Jacobs advocated human-friendly neighborhoods featuring short city blocks and mixed-use buildings that encouraged resident interaction. She also strongly opposed high-rise developments an

16、d expressways that cut through neighborhoods.1. What did Gregor Mendel do?A. He found a new fast food making method.B. He discovered the basic cross-breeding laws.C. He established the water-quality standards in US.D. He helped to plan human-friendly neighborhoods.2. Who is the founder of McDonalds

17、restaurants?A. Ray Kroc.B. Jane Jacobs.C. Richard McDonald.D. Maurice McDonald.3. When did Jane Jacobs publish Death and Life of Great American Cities?A. In 2006.B. In 1984.C. In 1961.D. In 1916.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了几个著名的发明家。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Gregor Mendel (1822 1884)部分的“The experim

18、ents established the basic rules needed to cross-breed (杂交繁殖) plants to create a new variety with desired characteristics.(这些实验建立了杂交植物所需的基本规则，以创造出具有所需特征的新品种)”可知，孟德尔发现了杂交繁殖的基本规律，故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Ray Kroc (1902 1984)部分的“As the founder of McDonalds restaurants, Kroc changed the way Americans eat.(作为麦

19、当劳餐厅的创始人，克罗克改变了美国人的饮食方式)”可知，雷克罗克是麦当劳的创始人，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Jane Jacobs (1916 2006)部分的“In her 1961 book, Death and Life of Great American Cities, Jacobs advocated human-friendly neighborhoods featuring short city blocks and mixed-use buildings that encouraged resident interaction.(在1961年出版的美国大城市的死与生

20、一书中，雅各布斯倡导以短街区和混合用途建筑为特色的人性化社区，鼓励居民互动)”可知，简雅各布斯于1916年出版了美国大城市的死与生一书，故选C项。BOn July 11, 2023, scientists selected Crawford Lake in Canada to represent the start of the Anthropocene, a new geological (地质的) time period dominated by human beings instead of the force of nature. The scientists said that se

21、diments (沉积物) at the bottom of the lake clearly show the impact of industrialized humanity on Earth from the 1950s onwards.The Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) was set up in 2009. In 2016, it concluded that human-caused changes to Earth were so great that a new geological time unit was necessary. Th

22、e AWG then assessed twelve sites across the world as candidates for what geologists call a “golden spike”, the place where the sudden and global changes marking the start of the new geological time period are best recorded in Earth. After three rounds of voting, the AWG selected Crawford Lake.“The l

23、ake is 24 meters deep but covers only 6 acres,” said Francine McCarthy, a member of the AWG. “It is so special that the bottom waters and surface waters do not mix, except for what gently sinks to the bottom and settles down in sediments. As a result, they allow us to see the changes in Earth histor

24、y.”The AWG has chosen the plutonium isotopes (钚同位素) from H-bomb tests as the key marker for the Anthropocene, as they were spread globally from 1952 but declined rapidly after the nuclear test ban in the mid-1960s, creating a spike in sediments. There are other important markers in the lake sediment

25、s, including CO2 fingerprints produced by the burning of fossil fuels in power plants.“The 1950s saw the start of a sharp increase in industrial, transport and economic activities that have had huge impacts on Earth,” added McCarthy. “But it is the sharp increase in plutonium specifically that we ch

26、ose as the key marker.”Experts said the decision has social and political importance, as it would draw attention to the role that industrialized humanity plays in shaping Earth. The climate crisis is the most obvious impact of the Anthropocene, but huge losses of wildlife, the spread of foreign spec

27、ies, and the widespread pollution of the planet are also key features.4. Why is Crawford Lake selected as the “golden spike”?A. It can best show the sudden and global changes in Earth.B. It is close to the testing site of the first nuclear bomb.C. It can completely separate its sediments from the ai

28、r.D. It is located in one of the most industrialized countries.5. When did the Anthropocene start?A. In 1950.B. In 1952.C. In 2009.D. In 2016.6. What is considered as the key marker for the Anthropocene?A. The climate crisis.B. The losses of wildlife.C. The CO2 fingerprints.D. The plutonium isotopes

29、.7. What might be the significance of the adoption of the Anthropocene?A. It will play a key role in slowing down industrialization.B. It might help human beings to understand their importance.C. It would raise public awareness of environment protection.D. It can encourage the unity between the publ

30、ic and politicians.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。2023年7月11日，AWG决定把加拿大境内的Crawford Lake认定为“人类世”开始的地理标记。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The AWG then assessed twelve sites across the world as candidates for what geologists call a golden spike, the place where the sudden and global changes marking the star

31、t of the new geological time period are best recorded in Earth.(AWG随后评估了世界各地的12个地点，作为地质学家所说的“金穗”的候选地点，在这里，地球上最能记录到标志着新地质时期开始的全球突然变化)”以及第三段中“It is so special that the bottom waters and surface waters do not mix, except for what gently sinks to the bottom and settles down in sediments. As a result, th

32、ey allow us to see the changes in Earth history.(它是如此特殊，以至于底层水和表层水不会混合，除了那些轻轻沉入海底并沉淀在沉积物中的水。因此，它们使我们能够看到地球历史的变化)”可知，Crawford Lake被选中的原因是它最能显示地球的突然的和全球性变化。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“The AWG has chosen the plutonium isotopes (钚同位素) from H-bomb tests as the key marker for the Anthropocene, as they were sp

33、read globally from 1952 but declined rapidly after the nuclear test ban in the mid-1960s, creating a spike in sediments.(AWG选择来自氢弹试验的钚同位素作为人类世的关键标志，因为它们从1952年开始在全球传播，但在20世纪60年代中期禁止核试验后迅速减少，导致沉积物激增)”可知，人类世开始于1952年。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“But it is the sharp increase in plutonium specifically that we

34、chose as the key marker.(但我们选择钚的急剧增加作为关键标志)”可知，钚同位素被认为是人类世的关键标志。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Experts said the decision has social and political importance, as it would draw attention to the role that industrialized humanity plays in shaping Earth. The climate crisis is the most obvious impact of the Ant

35、hropocene, but huge losses of wildlife, the spread of foreign species, and the widespread pollution of the planet are also key features.(专家表示，这一决定具有社会和政治意义，因为它将引起人们对工业化人类在塑造地球方面所起作用的关注。气候危机是人类世最明显的影响，但野生动物的巨大损失、外来物种的传播和地球的广泛污染也是主要特征)”可知，采用人类世的意义在于它将提高公众的环保意识。故选C项。CThis summer, schools in New York Ci

36、ty are preparing for a shift in reading instruction. Instead of reading whole books, they plan to focus on excerpts (节选). And its not just for lower grades, but for high schools as well.While it may sound alarming for the public in New York City, the shift to excerpts has been going on for more than

37、 twenty years since the Big Standardized Test was adopted as a means of measuring student achievement in reading.Of course, to dig in and reflect on the ideas contained in a whole book and to discuss with fellow readers should be a major part of every students education. But the basic model of the m

38、ost important testing weve been subjecting students to for the past twenty-some years is this: 1) Read a short excerpt of a book that you are seeing for the first time. 2) Answer some multiple choice questions about it, and do it by yourself and right now.If the test is already set, the best way to

39、prepare for it is with a battery of activities that most closely look like the test itself. And so as the Big Standardized Tests have spread, publishers have cranked out varieties of coaching workbooks that are all collections of short excerpts accompanied by a set of multiple choice questions. Inst

40、ead of teaching students how to read a whole book, we teach them how to take a standardized test.There are certainly other forces that push teachers in the direction of excerpts over complete books. Since there are only 180 days in the year, teachers always have to decide whether to take a full six

41、months to work through Moby Dick, or to give students just a taste.One can even point the finger at a culture in which we just read headlines instead of articles. But as long as major testing pushes a quick reaction to context-free excerpts, schools will abandon the reflective, cooperative, thoughtf

42、ul deep dive into a complete book sooner or later. And that will be a loss for students.8. How does the author feel about the new policy in New York City?A. Unsurprised.B. Relieved.C. Unconcerned.D. Excited.9. What does the author most likely want students to do?A. Finish their homework immediately

43、after school.B. Read whole books together with their classmates.C. Buy workbooks that are closely based on the test itself.D. Do more standardized reading comprehension exercises.10. Which of the following can replace the phrase “cranked out” in paragraph 4?A. chargedB. canceledC. changedD. produced

44、11. What should be blamed mainly for the shift to excerpts over books?A. The limited time.B. The government policy.C. The official tests.D. The available workbooks.【答案】8 A 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年秋季入学后，纽约市的中小学将正式改变传统的阅读整本书的教学方法，转而选读个别章节，其主要原因是考试导向。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“While it may so

45、und alarming for the public in New York City, the shift to excerpts has been going on for more than twenty years since the Big Standardized Test was adopted as a means of measuring student achievement in reading. (虽然这对纽约市的公众来说可能听起来令人担忧，但自从大标准化考试被采用作为衡量学生阅读成绩的一种手段以来，向节选的转变已经持续了20多年。)”可知，政策的转变已经持续了20多

46、年，因此作者对这个政策并不感到惊讶。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题，根据第三段的“Of course, to dig in and reflect on the ideas contained in a whole book and to discuss with fellow readers should be a major part of every students education.(当然，深入研究和反思整本书所包含的思想，并与其他读者讨论，应该是每个学生教育的重要组成部分。)”可知，作者希望学生们能通读整本书，并和同学深入交流。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“If

47、 the test is already set, the best way to prepare for it is with a battery of activities that most closely look like the test itself. And so as the Big Standardized Tests have spread (如果考试已经定下来了，最好的准备方法就是安排一系列最接近考试本身的活动。因此，随着大型标准化考试的普及)”可知，出版商为了满足学生的考试需求，会推出各种各样的指导练习册，即学生有需求，书商就会大量出版，因此cranked out与p

48、roduced同义。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But as long as major testing pushes a quick reaction to context-free excerpts, schools will abandon the reflective, cooperative, thoughtful deep dive into a complete book sooner or later. (但是，只要主要考试推动学生对与上下文无关的节选做出快速反应，学校迟早会放弃对整本书进行反思、合作和深思熟虑的深入研究。)”可知，学校转向章节阅读的主要原

49、因还是考试导向。故选C。DIn the late 1990s, a scientist named Mark Blumberg stood in a lab at the University of Iowa watching a few sleeping newlyborn rats. He found that the baby rats kept making small, sharp movements in their sleep, and that their closed eyes moved from side to side in a phenomenon known as

50、rapid eye movement (REM). Blumberg knew that the rats were fine, because he knew people do the same during REM sleep. And scientists have long had an explanation for the twitches (抽动) and REM: They are dreaming about their waking life.However, as he dug deeper, he wondered why adult rats spend only

51、about two hours of each night in REM sleep, while baby rats spend an unusual amount of time in REM, often sleeping for sixteen hours a day and dreaming for eight.“If dreams are hints of waking life, adult rats who have more experiences should spend more time in REM sleep. Why do baby rats, whose eye

52、s are still shut, spend so much time in REM sleep when they have too little to dream about?” he wondered. “Why do their eyes, their legs, tails and whiskers move hundreds of thousands of times during their sleep?”In the end, Blumberg concluded that it might be the other way around perhaps the moveme

53、nts were sending signals to the brain to help it learn about the body.“You wouldnt think that the body is something a brain needs to learn,” he wrote in a paper. “But we arent born with maps of our bodies. We cant be, because our bodies change by the day. But in waking life, we cannot move only a si

54、ngle muscle. Even the simplest act of swallowing (吞咽) employs more than thirty pairs of nerves and muscles working together. Our small and sharp movements in sleep, by contrast, are exact and precise: They involve muscles one at a time. In other words, such movements allow the muscles and nerves to

55、form one-to-one connections that otherwise would be impossible. Its a process thats most important for the brain to learn about the body as we grow, suffer injuries and learn new skills.12. What was the previous explanation for REM?A. It was just an outward sign of dreams.B. It showed the difficulty

56、 in sleeping.C. It was an indicator of terrible dreams.D. It only occured to sleeping baby rats.13. What can be learned from paragraph 2?A. Baby rats have to spend all night in REM sleep.B. REM sleep just accounts for part of the sleeping time.C. It is unnecessary for baby rats to sleep 16 hours a d

57、ay.D. It is not enough for adults to have two hours of REM sleep.14. What is a feature of the movements in REM sleep according to Mark Blumberg?A. They teach the brain new skills and heal injuries.B. Muscles have to work together to start the movements.C. Each of them just involves a muscle and a ne

58、rve at a time.D. They are less exact and precise than our daily movements.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The importance of REM sleep.B. The latest discoveries about dreaming.C. The relationship between dreams and waking life.D. A different explanation for the twitches during sleep.【答案】12. A 13

59、. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马克布鲁姆伯格在二十世纪九十年代末，对动物在睡眠时的身体抽动及眼球快速转动的不同见解：这些不是做梦的表征，而是在帮助大脑了解身体的各个部位。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“And scientists have long had an explanation for the twitches (抽动) and REM: They are dreaming about their waking life.”（长期以来，科学家们对抽搐和快速眼动有一个解释：他们在做自己清醒生活的梦。）可知，之前对REM的解释是：RE

60、M是做梦的表征。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“However, as he dug deeper, he wondered why adult rats spend only about two hours of each night in REM sleep, while baby rats spend an unusual amount of time in REM, often sleeping for sixteen hours a day and dreaming for eight.”（然而，随着研究的深入，他想知道为什么成年大鼠每晚只在快速眼动睡眠中度过大约两个

61、小时，而幼鼠在快速眼动中度过的时间却不同寻常，通常每天睡16个小时，做梦8个小时。）可推断，REM睡眠时间只占总睡眠时间的一部分。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Our small and sharp movements in sleep, by contrast, are exact and precise: They involve muscles one at a time. In other words, such movements allow the muscles and nerves to form one-to-one connections that ot

62、herwise would be impossible.”（相比之下，我们在睡眠中的小而尖锐的动作是准确的：它们一次涉及一块肌肉。换句话说，这样的运动可以让肌肉和神经形成一对一的连接，否则这是不可能的。）可知，这种抽动只牵涉到单一的肌肉与神经之间的链接。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“In the end, Blumberg concluded that it might be the other way around perhaps the movements were sending signals to the brain to help it learn about t

63、he body.”（最后，布鲁姆伯格得出结论，情况可能恰恰相反也许这些动作向大脑发送信号，帮助它了解身体。）可知，本文主要是介绍了马克布鲁姆伯格在二十世纪九十年代末，对动物在睡眠时的身体抽动及眼球快速转动的不同见解。D项“睡眠中抽搐的另一种解释”符合文意。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Small talks are the short conversations we have at parties, at family events or at work. These small

64、 talks can open doors that lead to larger, more meaningful conversations. _16_. Here are some tips for them to improve their small-talking ability.Have some conversation starters ready. If you have seen a really good movie or have read a really good book, you can talk about that. You can also talk a

65、bout something that both of you are interested in. _17_, it will be a very good conversation starter. Or you simply notice and comment on whats going on around you. If you are at a party and a song comes on that you like or that reminds you of something, you can talk about that._18_. Nobody knows ev

66、erything. So, if someone brings up something about which you know nothing, just tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. Its a win-win situation.Ask open-ended questions. _19_. If you ask questions that nee

67、d more details to answer, the conversation will go on longer. For example, if you are at a summer pool party, dont ask a person if they like summer. _20_.A. Become a studentB. Be a knowledgeable personC. If you can reach an agreement beneficial to both of youD. However, many people are not good at s

68、uch random chatsE. Instead, ask them what they like or dislike about summerF. These types of questions require more than a single-word answerG. For example, if you have the same hobby or experience with someone【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了闲聊的重要性以及闲聊的一些建议。【16题详解】上文“These sm

69、all talks can open doors that lead to larger, more meaningful conversations.(这些小谈话可以打开通往更大、更有意义的对话的大门。)”说明小谈话有很多好处，与选项D“然而，许多人不擅长这种随意聊天”构成转折关系，同时引出下文“Here are some tips for them to improve their small-talking ability.(这里有一些建议可以帮助他们提高闲聊的能力。)”，D项符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】下文“it will be a very good conversation

70、starter.(它是一个很好的谈话开始。)”说明它是一个很好的谈话开始的前提是双方有共同的话题。选项G“例如，如果你和某人有相同的爱好或经历”引出下文，是下文内容的条件。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“Nobody knows everything. So, if someone brings up something about which you know nothing, just tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher.(没有人知道一切。所以，如果有人提出了一些你一无所知的事情，就告诉他们吧！这让对方成为老师。)

71、”说明如果自己有不知道的事情，让对方成为老师，自己就变成一名学生。选项A“成为一名学生”引出下文，是对下文的概括，为本段的主题句。故选A项。19题详解】上文“Ask open-ended questions.(问开放式的问题。)”说明提出开放性的问题，这种问题的答案不止一个词，选项F“这些类型的问题需要的答案不止一个词”呼应上文开放性问题，是对上文的进一步解释。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Ask open-ended questions.(问开放式的问题。)”以及“For example, if you are at a summer pool party, dont ask a perso

72、n if they like summer.(例如，如果你在一个夏季泳池派对上，不要问一个人是否喜欢夏天。)”说明在夏季泳池派对上，不要问别人是否喜欢夏天这样的问题，而是要问开放性的问题。选项E“而是问他们喜欢或不喜欢夏天的什么”呼应上文，是对上文的进一步补充。故选E项。第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。This week, I will hike along the Appalachian Trail alone to look for what can be h

73、ard to find in the city: solitude. In the _21_, I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude. The _22_ between cities and mountains is the secret I find that the _23_ comforts.For many people, the idea of being alone in mountains can be _24_. Its understandable because

74、we are, _25_, social animals. But being in the wild without others doesnt mean being _26_. In fact, it can be quite the _27_. Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.And there is more.When you come to a(n) _28_ where the sunlight makes it to the forest

75、 floor, you can sometimes catch a hint of something. I dont know what to call it. Words _29_. But it feels something like a root or a(n) _30_ song of the worlds own presence.If that moment is just between you and the wild world, then you are _31_ indeed. That is when you can _32_ what Henry David Th

76、oreau meant when he said, “I never found the _33_ that was so companionable as solitude.”So, as the great John Muir _34_ it: “Keep close to Natures heart once in a while, and climb a mountain or spend a week in the wild to wash your _35_ clean.”21. A. mountainB. cityC. airD. sea22. A. connectionB. a

77、greementC. differenceD. argument23. A. foodB. friendshipC. musicD. wilderness24. A. discomfortingB. amusingC. relaxingD. exciting25. A. by choiceB. by accidentC. by natureD. by mistake26. A. happyB. aloneC. patientD. brave27. A. oppositeB. falseC. beautifulD. same28. A. apartmentB. officeC. farmD. c

78、learing29. A. failB. spreadC. matterD. win30. A. sweetB. unvoicedC. popularD. odd31. A. angryB. sadC. luckyD. frightened32. A. refuseB. forgetC. forgiveD. understand33. A. pondB. companionC. hunterD. rain34. A. putB. deniedC. acceptedD. assessed35. A. landB. bodyC. recordD. spirit【答案】21. B 22. C 23.

79、 D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者到大山里徒步旅行，寻找城市里难以找到的独处，并体会到了它的独特之处。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在城市里，我可以找到独处的地方，但要找到真正的孤独要难得多。A. mountain山；B. city城市；C. air空气；D. sea大海。根据上文“This week, I will hike along the Appalachian Trail alone to look for what

80、can be hard to find in the city: solitude(本周，我将独自沿着阿巴拉契亚小道徒步旅行，寻找在城市中很难找到的东西：独处)”以及下文“between cities and mountains(在城市和大山之间)”可推理出空白处应填表示“城市”含义的名词，故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：城市和大山之间的区别是我发现了荒野令人舒适的秘密。A. connection连接；B. agreement同意；C. difference区别；D. argument争论。根据下文“between cities and mountains(在城市和大山之间)”

81、可知此处说的是城市和大山之间的区别，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. food食物；B. friendship友谊；C. music音乐；D. wilderness荒野。根据上文“In the city, I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude.(在城市里，我可以找到独处的地方，但要找到真正的孤独要难得多)”可知作者在此处要表达的是从与大山相关的事物中发现的秘密，分析四个选项，D项“wilderness荒野”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容

82、词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，独自一人在山上的想法可能会让人感到不安。A. discomforting令人不安的；B. amusing有趣的；C. relaxing愉快的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“being alone in mountains(独自一人在山上)”可推理出空白处应填表示“令人不安的”含义的形容词，故选A项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是可以理解的，因为我们天生就是群居动物。A. by choice自愿；B. by accident偶然地；C. by nature天生地；D. by mistake错误地。根据下文“social animals(群

83、居动物)”可知此处上下文说的是人的自然属性，分析四个选项，C项“by nature天生地”表达的含义符合语境，故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在野外没有其他人并不意味着孤独。A. happy高兴的；B. alone独自的；C. patient耐心的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.(生命已经存在。空中传来鸟叫声，青蛙穿过小径)”可知此处上下文说的是在野外还有其他的生命，并不是独自一种生命形式，故选B

84、项。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，情况可能恰恰相反。A. opposite相反的；B. false假的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D. same相似的。根据下文“Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.(生命已经存在。空中传来鸟叫声，青蛙穿过小径)”可知下文表达的含义与上文相反，故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你来到阳光照射到森林地面的空地时，有时你会发现一些东西。A. apartment公寓；B. office办公室；

85、C. farm农场；D. clearing林中空地。根据下文“阳光照射到森林地面”可知此处上下文说的是森林中的空地，故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无以言表。A. fail无能为力；B. spread传播；C. matter有关系；D. win赢得。根据上文“I dont know what to call it.(我不知道该怎么称呼它。)”可知此处上下文说的是作者无法用语言表达出来，故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它感觉有点像世界自身存在的根源或无声之歌。A. sweet甜的；B. unvoiced无声的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. odd古怪的

86、。根据上文“When you come to a(n) clearing where the sunlight makes it to the forest floor, you can sometimes catch a hint of something. (当你来到阳光照射到森林地面的空地时，有时你会发现一些东西。)”可知，此处说的是在林中空地看到了太阳照射到森林的地面时的感受，作者把这种感受比喻为一首歌，是无声的，故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果那一刻就在你和狂野世界之间，那么你真的很幸运。A. angry生气的；B. sad难过的；C. lucky幸运的；D.

87、frightened害怕的。根据下文“what Henry David Thoreau meant(亨利戴维梭罗所说)”可知此处上下文说的是作者认为如果你找到了那种感觉，你就体会到了亨利戴维梭罗在他的名言里表达的含义，所以作者认为你是幸运的，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时你才能理解亨利戴维梭罗所说的“我从未找到像独处这样友好的伴侣”的意思。A. refuse拒绝；B. forget忘记；C. forgive原谅；D. understand理解。根据下文“what Henry David Thoreau meant when he said(亨利戴维梭罗所说的)”可推理出空

88、白处应填表示“理解”含义的动词，故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. pond池塘；B. companion伴侣；C. hunter猎人；D. rain雨。根据下文“so companionable as solitude(像孤独这样友好的)”可知此处说的是亨利戴维梭罗把独处当做伴侣，故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，正如伟大的约翰缪尔所说：“偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外呆一周，把你的心灵洗干净。A. put说；B. denied否认；C. accepted接受；D. assessed评定。根据下文“Keep close to Natures he

89、art once in a while, and climb a mountain or spend a week in the wild to wash your spirit clean(偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外呆一周，把你的心灵洗干净。)”可知，这是约翰缪尔说的话，空白处应填表示“说”含义的动词，故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. land陆地；B. body身体；C. record记录；D. spirit心灵。根据上文“Keep close to Natures heart once in a while, and climb a mountain or

90、 spend a week in the wild(偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外呆一周)”可知此处上下文说的是偶尔到野外放松身心，分析四个选项，D项“spirit心灵”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Prime Minister Zhao Gao of the Qin Dynasty had been planning to be a king day and night, _36_ he did not know how many of the ministers would o

91、ppose him. So he thought out a good way to find out who were determined _37_ (oppose) him.One day, he _38_ (bring) a deer to the court and, _39_ a broad smile on his face, said to Emperor the Second of the Qin Dynasty: “Here _40_ (be) a fine horse that Im presenting to you.”Looking at the animal, th

92、e emperor said: “Are you joking? It is just a deer.”Remaining calm, Zhao Gao insisted: “Would you please come closer and see _41_ (clearly)? This horse can cover a thousand miles a day. If you do not believe me, ask the other ministers.”The other ministers saw the _42_ (threaten) smile on Zhao Gaos

93、face and suddenly understood his real purpose.A few ministers with a sense of justice insisted that it was a deer. Some ministers kept silent because to tell lies would make them feel uneasy and to tell the truth would mean that they would be punished. But the majority of the ministers _43_ (immedia

94、te) said to the emperor, “This is a really amazing horse.”After _44_ event, Zhao Gao killed all those that refused to support him and punished, by _45_ (difference)means, those ministers with a sense of justice. He eventually took control of the court and sped up the downfall of the Qin Dynasty.【答案】

95、36. but#yet 37. to oppose 38. brought 39 with 40. is 41. more 42. threatening 43. immediately 44. the 45. different【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了秦朝宰相赵高指鹿为马的故事。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：秦朝宰相赵高日日夜夜都在计划着做皇帝，但是他不知道有多少大臣反对他。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填连词连接两个句子，根据空格后“he did not know how many of the ministers would oppose him”可知，此处表示转折关

96、系，所以应用连词but或yet。故填but/yet。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他想出了一个好办法来找出谁决心反对他。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，be determined to do sth.意为“决意做某事”，为固定搭配，所以空格处应填to oppose。故填to oppose。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：有一天，他带了一只鹿到朝堂上，很开心地对秦二世说：“我要献给您一匹好马。”分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，根据空格前“One day”以及空格后谓语“said”可知，此处应用一般过去式，且bring和主语he之间的关系为主动，所以应填brought。故填b

97、rought。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：有一天，他带了一只鹿到朝堂上，很开心地对秦二世说：“我要献给您一匹好马。”分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词，with a smile表示伴随意，为“笑着”，为固定用法，所以应填with。故填with。【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有一天，他带了一只鹿到朝堂上，很开心地对秦二世说：“我要献给您一匹好马。”分析该句成分可知，这是一个倒装句，空格处应填谓语动词，且该句为直接引语，直接引用当时的话，所以应用一般现在时，主语为a fine horse,应用所给系动词的第三人称单数形式is。故填is。【41题详解】考查副词的比较级。句意：赵高很冷静地说

98、：“您能不能走近来看的更清楚点？这匹马可以日行千里。如果您不信我说的话，可以问问其他大臣。”根据空格前“come closer and see”可知，空格处应用所给副词的比较级形式与空格前“come closer”构成并列关系，所以应填more clearly。故填more clearly。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：其他大臣看到赵高脸上威胁的笑容，立刻明白了他的真正意图。分析该句成分可知，空格处应填形容词作定语修饰smile。所以应用threaten的形容词形式threatening表示“威胁性的”。故填threatening。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：但是大多数大臣立刻向秦二世

99、说，“这真的是一匹神奇的马。”分析该句成分可知，空格处应填副词修饰动词said，作状语，所以应填immediate的副词形式immediately。故填immediately。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：这件事情之后，赵高杀死了所有拒绝支持他的人并用不同的方式惩罚了那些有正义感的大臣。根据句意可知，此处的event为特指，所以空格处应填定冠词the。故填the。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：这件事情之后，赵高杀死了所有拒绝支持他的人并用不同的方式惩罚了那些有正义感的大臣。分析该句成分可知，应填形容词作means的定语，所以应填different。故填different。第四部分 写作(共两

100、节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，你所在的城市将于下月举办旅游节。请给你的留学生好友Bob写一封电子邮件。内容包括：1. 告知活动时间及内容;2. 邀请参加。注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Bob,Im writing to invite you to participate in the Tourism Festival scheduled to start next month in our city.The festival will include a variety of activities wh

101、ere participants can have hands-on experiences along the streets. In addition, tourists will be treated with a free live performance of Peking Opera. They can also taste various local foods during the event. I believe this festival will surely enable you to gain a better insight into Chinese culture

102、.Looking forward to your participation!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生好友Bob写一封电子邮件,邀请他参加你所在的城市下月举办的旅游节。【详解】1.词汇积累各种各样的：a variety of varieties of/various此外：in addition whats more/besides使某人能够做某事：enable sb.to do make/let/have sb. do sth参加：participate in take part in/join in2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Im

103、writing to invite you to participate in the Tourism Festival scheduled to start next month in our city.拓展句：Im writing to invite you to participate in the Tourism Festival which is scheduled to start next month in our city.【点睛】【高分句型1】The festival will include a variety of activities where participant

104、s can have hands-on experiences along the streets.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】 I believe this festival will surely enable you to gain a better insight into Chinese culture.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Living in the shadow of my elder sister who already had her

105、 life planned out since she entered middle school, I was always undecided about everything.When I was in high school, I would still try one thing for a week and then abandon it in the next week. Although I kept searching for the beginning of the rainbow, I kept changing my dream from becoming a vet

106、to an astronaut. I always thought there would be better options available to me. Each time, my parents would shake their heads and ask me, “Why cant you be more like your sister? What are you going to do with your life? Arent you interested in anything at all?”Each time, I would shrug (耸) my shoulde

107、rs and my parents usually stopped talking, at least for the moment. I was not sure if they had given up or anticipated the same dull reply, “I couldnt answer all of your questions right now.”I knew my parents, just like other parents, had high expectation of me and that they really wanted me to achi

108、eve success. I also knew that my arguments were too childish.“Your grades arent high enough. No good colleges are going to accept you, dear. We dont want to pay so much money for nothing, either,” my mother said one day by the end of my second year in high school.“Certainly, I will go to a good coll

109、ege,” I replied with as much confidence as I could summon. “No matter what you say.”After the argument with my mother, I knew it was a crucial year at high school. I had to take action now. So, during the summer vacation, no longer did I sit back and let my parents mistake me for a bad boy. Instead,

110、 I started to review all the knowledge I had learned and did it with all my heart. I also turned to my sister for help whenever necessary.注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A few days after the college entrance examination, I received a call from my teacher. _Having taken the letter from my tea

111、cher, I tried to open it. _【答案】One possible version:A few days after the college entrance examination, I received a call from my teacher. He told me he received a strange letter from a famous university in Shanghai. He said that the envelope was very different and that it seemed to contain a postcar

112、d. He urged me to go to his office immediately. But I hesitated for a long time, wondering whether it was a rejection or an acceptance letter. Finally, I asked my mother to go with me.Having taken the letter from my teacher, I tried to open it. But my hands kept shaking so violently that it dropped

113、to the floor. My mother picked it up and opened it very carefully. Out of the envelope came a beautiful card with the words “You are admitted to.” in bold golden letters. As a matter of fact, it was beyond my wildest dream and I doubted whether I was dreaming. Then I was drawn back to reality by my

114、teachers and my mothers congratulations.【解析】【导语】本篇读后续写以人物成长为线索展开，讲述了作者一直处在姐姐的阴影下，她从小就计划好人生并按部就班，作者则一直摇摆不够坚定，父母对此很是焦虑。在与母亲的一次争吵过后，作者下定决心努力学习。时下终于到了高考要出结果的时候。【详解】1. 段落续写：由第一段首句内容“入学考试几天后，我接到老师的电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者得到老师通知去学校取通知书以及作者拿到通知书前的心理感受。由第二段首句内容“从老师手里接过信封，我试着打开它。”可知，第二段可描写作者打开信封看到录取通知书的过程和心情。2. 续写线索：接

115、电话去学校拿通知书打开信封看到录取通知书作者和家人的反应3. 词汇激活：行为类包含：contain/include打开：open/unfold拒绝：rejection/refusal情绪类犹豫：hesitate/waver感谢：say gratefully/say thankfully【点睛】【高分句型1】But I hesitated for a long time, wondering whether it was a rejection or an acceptance letter.（运用了现在分词作状语和whether引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】But my hands kept shaking so violently that it dropped to the floor.（运用了sothat结构引导的结果状语从句）听力答案：15 CABCA 610 ABCAB 1115 BACAB 1620 CBABC