2022届新高考英语北师大版一轮训练：必修5UNIT 15 乐于学习善于学习终身学习 WORD版含解析.doc

1、课下主题训练 乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)vocabularyphraseexpression idiom dialect accent pronunciation usage dictation recite comprehension memorize preview analyze assessment summarize debate review classify accumulation (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)accent， recite， preview， id

2、iom， vocabulary， analyze， review， phrase， dialect， debate 1We should have a good command of large vocabulary.2Sorry, but I still dont quite understand that phrase.3“Let the cat out of the bag” is an idiom meaning to tell a secret by mistake.4It is often appropriate to use the local dialect to commun

3、icate your message.5She spoke with a strong Australian accent.6Each child had to recite a poem to the class.7You shall work in pairs or groups to show the preview results.8There had been much debate on the issue of childcare.单句语法填空1What do you think I should do to improve my English pronunciation (p

4、ronounce)?2Its very definitely a usage (use) which has come over to Britain from America.3The teacher gave the pupils dictation (dictate) in class.4I think this must be the most immediate comprehension (comprehend) and the right one.5He studied his map, trying to memorize (memory) the way to Roses s

5、treet.6Basically, the article can be_summarized (summary) in three sentences.7It is necessary initially to_classify (classify)the headaches into certain types.8Art is all about the slow accumulation (accumulate) over time.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解A(2021黑龙江月考)Every year, thousands of new high school graduates p

6、ack their bags, move to new cities, and sign papers accepting loans, the money borrowed from a bank or lenders etc., which they might not be able to pay back.Without proper education on personal finance, especially as it relates to paying for college, young adults are guided into improper loan plans

7、 that result in years of debt after graduation.In order to set students up to succeed financially, it is important to educate students and parents on their financial options before school in the fall.The best way to support families heading for college is to require that every high school student ta

8、ke a personal finance class before graduation.This will help smooth the transition into adulthood.The average student takes out at least one loan to cover the costs of their education each year.In 2014 the average student graduating from college carried a negative balance of about $20,000 in debt, w

9、hich often spread over multiple lenders.Upon graduation, students rarely know exactly how much money they owe, and even though they are in the state of being unable to pay their debts, they cannot wipe out student loans.These students spend much of their adult lives paying off the gradual increasing

10、 debts.A personal finance course would teach students how to manage their income and expenses, while helping to significantly reduce the amount of debt students carry into adulthood.By teaching students how to save money and live within their means, this course will provide the next generation with

11、a foundation to progress financially.Students choosing to get a job straight out of high school would also benefit from finance education for these very reasons.With education on how to manage their finances, all young people will have the knowledge to make healthy decisions, leading them to improve

12、 good credit and purchase needed items like cars and homes with skill and confidence.While not every young person makes financial mistakes, those who do can face years of difficulty trying to get their finances back under control.Rather than help them through these hard times when they happen, we sh

13、ould try to prevent them from happening at all.Making the completion of personal finance coursework a requirement for graduation would ensure that young people are at least aware of the basics of preserving a financial stability.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一种理财课程，教学生怎么合理地管理自己的钱财，避免陷入债务危机。1After graduation fr

14、om college, many young people _.Aspend years paying off their debtsBstruggle to support their familiesCget through the hard times smoothlyDare able to manage their own finances well解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中“young adults . result in years of debt after graduation”可知，很多年轻人花很多年偿还债务。故选A。2What is the third parag

15、raph mainly about?AWays to improve financial credits.BIntroduction to the education on personal finance.CSkills of balancing income and expenses.DAdvantages of taking a finance course.解析：选D段落大意题。根据第三段中第一句可知，第三段主要介绍了理财课程的好处。故选D。3Having financial knowledge, high school students are probably able to _.

16、Asmooth their way for collegeBget out of their financial trapCavoid the risk of the future financial troubleDfree from the cost of their college education解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，有了理财知识，年轻人至少能了解保持经济稳定的基本知识，也就是可以避免陷入经济困境。故选C。4The main purpose of the passage is to _.Ainform and explainBargue and persua

17、deCanalyze and evaluateDdiscuss and examine解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章首先说明大学生会欠下很多债务，以至于在毕业多年后仍然忙于偿还债务，然后劝说学生参加理财课程，因为该课程能帮助他们更好地管理自己的钱，学会节约和合理使用钱。故选B。B(2021长沙模拟)To learn new things, we must sometimes fail.But whats the right amount of failure? New research led by the University of Arizona proposes a mat

18、hematical answer to that question.Educators have long recognized that there is something of a “sweet spot” when it comes to learning.That is, we learn best when we are challenged to grasp something just outside of our existing knowledge.When a challenge is too simple, we dont learn anything new; lik

19、ewise, we dont expand our knowledge when a challenge is so difficult that we fail entirely or give up.So where does the sweet spot lie? According to the new study, its when failure occurs 15% of the time.Put another way, its when the right answer is given 85% of the time.Researchers at the Universit

20、y of Arizona came up with the socalled “85% Rule” after conducting a series of machinelearning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as classifying different patterns into one of two categories.The computers learned fastest in situations in which the difficulty was such that

21、they responded with 85% accuracy.“If you have an error rate of 15% or accuracy of 85%, you are always maximizing your rate of learning in these twochoice tasks，” said Professor Robert Wilson.When we think about how humans learn, the 85% Rule would mostly likely apply to perceptual (感知的) learning, in

22、 which we gradually learn through experience and examples, Wilson said.Imagine, for instance, a radiologist (放射科医生) learning to tell the difference between images of tumors (肿瘤) and nontumors.“You need examples to get better at figuring out theres a tumor in an image，” Wilson said.“If I give really

23、easy examples, you get 100% right all the time and theres nothing left to learn.Youre not going to be taking as much from that as a situation where you are struggling a little bit.If I give really hard examples, youll be 50% correct and still not learning anything new, while if I give you something

24、in between, you can be at this sweet spot where you are getting the most information from each particular example.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习的“八五定律”。学习的“最佳点”是百分之八十五的正确率，百分之十五的失败率，也就是说这时的学习效果最佳。学习太容易或太难都会导致学不到多少知识。5Which of the following is linked with the sweet spot?A15 percent accuracy.B50 percent acc

25、uracy.C85 percent accuracy. D100 percent right.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，C选项“85%的准确率”与最佳点有关。故选C。6Why did the researchers teach computers simple tasks?ATo find out where the sweet spot lies.BTo see how well computers carry out tasks.CTo compare the results of their experiments.DTo conduct some research o

26、n machine learning.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四、五、六段内容可推知，研究人员教计算机简单的任务，是为了找出最佳点在哪里。故选A。7What is the purpose of the “examples” mentioned in the last paragraph?ATo teach what to do in the treatment of tumors.BTo teach how to determine there is a tumor.CTo help to remember what is learned.DTo help to learn how a t

27、umor develops.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可推知，最后一段提到的“examples”的目的是教会学生如何确定肿瘤的存在。故选B。8According to the text, what is the most effective way of learning?ANot taking failure too seriously.BLearning through experience and examples.CStruggling a little bit, but not too much.DLearning things that are completely

28、new.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，学习的“最佳点”是百分之八十五的正确率，百分之十五的失败率，也就是说这时的学习效果最佳。学习太容易或太难都会导致学不到多少知识。故选C。.语法填空(2021银川一中月考)Its _1_ longterm question for teachers: how do you get _2_ (child) who hate physical activity to take part in PE lessons? A Northampton primary school believes it has the answer._3_ (desi

29、gn) to make the least active pupils take an interest in their fitness, a program _4_ (introduce) at Lings Primary School recently.And not only have the pupils developed an interest in activities ranging from football to ballroom dancing, according to the school, but their school work has also improv

30、ed _5_ (significant)The students also turn up on time Lings now has the best _6_ (attend) record in the country at 98 percent.The turnaround had been achieved by simply making PE fun.Instead of _7_ (climb) wall bars and running on the spot, the pupils practice exercises such as moving like animals.O

31、ne routine involves crawling around the floor like a bear and moving around like gorillas.In _8_， the children try to maintain their balance on the boards made of rubber, all of which stretch their muscles and improve fitness.Baroness Campbell, who chairs the Youth Sport Trust, which designed the pr

32、ogram, said，“We want _9_ (show)young people that physical activity is fun and a great way to learn skills which will stay with them _10_ life.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了挪威一所小学引入了一项计划让学生爱上体育课。1a考查冠词。question是可数名词，此处表示单数，需在其前加a/an。question 的修饰词longterm是以辅音音素开头。故填a。2children考查名词复数。分析句子可知，画线部分应作宾语，根据“hate”可知，应

33、用复数形式。故填children。3Designed考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，design所处的分句无主语，故此处用非谓语动词。design和其逻辑主语a program之间表示被动关系，故需用过去分词作状语。故填Designed。4has been introduced考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，逻辑主语a program和introduce之间表示被动关系，句中有表示现在完成时的时间状语recently，此处需用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语表示单数。故填has been introduced。5significantly考查副词。修饰动词improved，应用副词。故填

34、significantly。6attendance考查名词。该空作句子的宾语，且best的词性为形容词，应修饰名词。故填attendance。7climbing考查非谓语动词。of 为介词，介词后面用doing形式。故填climbing。8another考查代词。根据上文的“One routine”可知，此处表示在“另外一场”常规锻炼中。故填another。9to show考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”。故填to show。10for考查介词。for life意为“终生”，是固定短语。故填for。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，

35、在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)discussioncheckexplanation abundance achievement fluency accomplishment diploma scholarship standard accuracy specific excellent absorb improve attend grasp gain master firstclass (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1I cant think of any possible explanation (explain) for his absence.2It was a remarkab

36、le achievement (achieve) for such a young player.3His son was praised for speeches of remarkable fluency (fluent)4Every bank pays close attention to the speed and accuracy (accurate) of its tellers.5Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance (abundant) on the island.6After considerable discussion (discu

37、ss), they decided to accept our offer.7Money will be crucial to the accomplishment (accomplish) of our goals.8He stopped and watched with amusement to see the child so absorbed (absorb).写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1You need to get your college diploma if you want to find a good job. 毕业文凭2I want to take advantage

38、of your lifetime of scholarship. 学术研究；学问成就3It is standard practice to search visitors as they enter the building.标准的；合规格的4She declined to be more specific about the reasons for the separation. 明确的5They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania. 上(学)6He won himself two firstclass ti

39、ckets to fly to Dublin. (车厢、机舱、船舱座位)头等的7French was a language he had never mastered. 精通8They have a good grasp of foreign languages. 理解.用本单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词汇1The school was rightly proud of the excellent exam results. outstanding 2Students can gain valuable experience by working on the campus radio or mag

40、azine. acquire3As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.having_a_good_command_of二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解(2021北大成都附属实验学校模拟)My family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future.I was

41、 in the classrooms, but I wasnt there to learn to write, read or even speak.When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide.I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.I had an English teacher, Mr Creech, who knew I couldnt read.In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who h

42、ad a reading age below six had to stand up.I felt so embarrassed.But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation.I was determined it wouldnt happen again.Later that day, Mr Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read.From then on, I

43、 never gave up practicing reading.Now I was 41 years old.One day, I planned to fly back to Texas to visit my friends and family.On my way from the airport, I saw Mr Creech buying himself a drink.I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him.“Do I know you？” he asked.“Yes, sir, you do know

44、me，” I answered excitedly.“My name is Anthony Hamilton.You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy hed once encouraged.“Im so glad I had a chance to see you，” I said.“And Mr Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read.But that wasnt all.I

45、 had become a published author and an active speaker.“The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well，” I added.The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia (诵读困难症)But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.语篇解读：本文是一篇记

46、叙文。文章讲述了患有诵读困难症的作者在Creech老师的鼓励和帮助下克服了诵读困难并成为一名出版作家的故事。多年后作者再次遇到老师，表达了自己的感激之情。1Why did the author want to hide?AHe felt sorry for himself.BHe hated being laughed at.CHe couldnt read at all.DHe didnt have a ticket.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，作者想躲起来，是因为他根本不识字。故选C。2Which of the following could best describe

47、 Mr Creech?AConsiderate and dutiful.BDemanding and enthusiastic.CEmotional and dedicated.DFriendly and ambitious.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，克里奇老师知道作者不识字，因此在第一节课上只是让阅读年龄在6岁以下的人站起来，体现了他很体贴学生；再根据倒数第二句可知，克里奇老师帮助作者学习阅读，是非常尽职尽责的。故选A。3Why couldnt the author read before meeting Mr Creech?AHis reading age was n

48、ot long enough.BHis parents didnt teach him how to read.CHe was afraid of reading before the class.DHe didnt have inner driving force to learn to read.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者在遇到克里奇老师之前不能阅读，是因为他没有学习阅读的内在动力。故选D。4What can we infer from the passage?AMr Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilto

49、n.BThe author had become a published author and an active speaker.CDyslexia was the underlying reason that made the author unable to read.DThe author was grateful to Mr Creech.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句可知，作者见到克里奇老师很高兴，并且告诉老师自己的近况，可推知作者很感激克里奇老师。故选D。.阅读七选五(2021安庆模拟)Selfstudy is cheap, convenient, and you

50、 can set your own pace.However, you have to figure out for yourself what to study, how to keep up motivation and how to meet your goals.Make learning fun._1_ To keep you interested, supplement (补充) your study with materials that fit your personality and interests.Dont try to reinvent the wheel.For l

51、earning, its easy to believe that the smart selfstudying student can use videos, apps, books, games all in a magical combination._2_ Dont put all your faith in a game, free videos, or your own ability to create a better program than teaching professionals.Build study into your daily life.Whether you

52、re a high school student or a college student, finding a spare hour to study is tough._3_ Thats really important.Set realistic but ambitious goals and stick to them.You must make sure you make steady, regular progress._4_ We recommend studying for 3 to 5 hours a day.If you have less time to study, t

53、hats OK. _5_ So daily practice even just 10 minutes a day is better than taking long breaks and then studying for hours at a time.AThe key is to study every day.BI know this seems really obvious.CIts difficult to know where to start.DThe problem is that there is no structure to your courses.EYou mus

54、t find smart ways to force extra study into your daily life.FSo its really important to make a study plan you can actually stick to.GTo keep motivated over the long term, learning needs to be something you want to do.1选G根据本段小标题及空后内容可知，空处讲述的是要学习你感兴趣的；结合选项可知，G项(为了保持长期的动力，学习需要成为你想做的事情)承接下文，符合语境。2选D根据空处

55、上下文可知，空处对上文提到的情况进一步说明；结合选项可知，D项(问题是你的课程没有结构)承接上下文，符合题意。3选E根据前文可知，无论你是高中生还是大学生，找一个空闲时间学习是很难的；由此可知，空处谈论的是如何找到额外的学习时间；结合选项可知，E项(你必须找到聪明的方法把额外的学习纳入你的日常生活)符合本段语境。4选F根据本段标题可知，空处谈论的是要有自己的学习方法和目标；结合选项可知，F项(所以制定一个你能够坚持的学习计划是非常重要的)承接上文，符合语境。此处的stick to属于词汇复现。5选A根据空后内容可知，空处作者建议我们要每天学习；结合选项可知，A项(关键是每天都要学习)承接下文，

56、符合语境。此处的study every day与后一句daily practice表达意思一致。.短文改错As we all know, class is a place which students ought to work hard to realize their dreams.However, there are some student not using class proper, making things go from bad to worse.For example, some students played mobile phones or sleep in class

57、, waste quantities of precious time.Whats more worse, some students enjoy chatting with others.Not only does it affect our own study, but also it does harm for others.As far as I am concerned, the main reason is why they dont realize the importance of study.To solve this problem, they have to understand making full use of class is best way to improve the efficiency of study.After all, time waits for no man.答案：第一句：whichwhere第二句：studentstudents; properproperly第三句：playedplay; wastewasting第四句：去掉more第五句：ourtheir; forto第六句：whythat第七句：在best前面加the