2012届高考英语第一轮单元知识考点复习21.ppt

1、.重点单词聚焦 1The news that he suffered from_(癌症)got around.答案：cancer 2This is an_(上瘾的)drug，which has been banned from being produced.答案：addictive 3Its reported that he has something to do with the_(犯罪)答案：crime 4Gambling is_(违法的)，so you mustnt be involved in it.答案：illegal 5Look at the rainbow.It is_(可能)t

2、o be fine tomorrow.答案：likely 6Power of the dream is_(强大的)It makes an ordinary lonely girl become well loved by everyone.答案：powerful 7 I think it good if they_(禁 止)smoking in restaurants and caf as well.答案：banned 8These problems seriously_(影响)the quality and endanger the country and people.答案：affect

3、9You have changed so much that I can hardly_(认出)you.答案：recognize 10Could you tell me his chances of being elected president are improved or_(减少)?答案：reduced.重点短语扫描 1与有关系的/有关联的 2破门而入；强行闯入 3属于 4对上瘾；沉迷于 5听某人的意见 6为了 7戒除；放弃 8死于 9定个日期 10培养新兴趣be related tobreak intobelong tobecome/be addicted totake ones ad

4、vicein order to/so as togive updie of/fromset a datedevelop new interests.课文原句突破 1Drug users _ _ _ _ get into trouble at school.在学校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻烦。答案：are more likely to 2 How many of them break the law _ _ _ pay for their drugs？他们中有多少人为了买毒品而犯法？答案：in order to 3It was _ loud music _ we couldnt hear oursel

5、ves speak.音乐如此大声以至于我们听不到自己说话。答案：such；that 4_ youre doing when you want to smokedo something else！无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！答案：Whatever 5Now I work in a centre for drug addicts，_ _ _ _ _ _.现在我在一家戒毒所工作，帮助其他的吸毒者戒毒。答案：helping others to stop taking drugs addict n对(药物等)上瘾的人；vt.使成瘾；使沉溺于(教材原句P12)Im 19 years old

6、 and I used to be a drug addict.我今年19岁，过去曾是个吸毒成瘾的人。(1)addict oneself to沉溺于；醉心于 be/become/get addicted to.沉迷于；热爱；迷上 addictive adj.使人上瘾的(2)addiction n瘾；入迷；嗜好 Dont addict yourself to such foolish things.不要使你自己沉溺于这些愚蠢的事。You see，when I was a teenager I also smoked and I became addicted to cigarettes.你知道，

7、我十几岁的时候也吸烟，而且还上了瘾。Dont be addicted to net chatting.It wastes too much time.不要沉醉于网上聊天，它浪费太多时间。Do you know the man with thick glasses?你认识那个戴深度眼镜的人吗？Of course.Everyone here knows him，a work addict.当然。这里的每个人都认识他，一个工作狂。It started as a hobby，but it was so addictive that I cant do without it.我最初把它当作一种爱好，但如

8、此使人上瘾，以至于我离不开它了。1.完成句子 如果真是这样，购物成瘾的人应该寻求救助组的帮助，改掉这个习惯，If this is the case，people_should go to a support group to help them break this habit._(对毒品上瘾)，he seldom call his parents only when he asks them for money.答 案：addicted to shoppingAddicted to drugs disagree vi.不同意；不一致；不适宜；不适合(教材原句P18)I completely

9、disagree.我完全不同意。(1)agree with同意；(气候，食物等)适合于某人；和相一致(常用于否定句)Your story does not agree with what I have heard.你的故事与我听说的不一致。(2)agree to.赞成；同意计划、建议或条件等 Do you think hell agree to their proposal?你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？(3)agree on就取得一致意见和看法 They managed to agree on a date for the wedding.他们设法就婚礼的日期达成了一致。2.(2010陕西卷)

10、You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must_you，I suppose.Aagree withBagree to Cagree on Dagree about 解析：句意为：你气色很好。我想，三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。本题考查的是动词词组。agree with：suit sb.s health or digestion(对某人的健康或胃口)适合。又如：If the type of food does not agree with you，it makes you feel ill.agree to 同意，愿意；agree on：

11、If people agree on sth.，they all decide to accept or do sth.就某事达成一致协议。答案：A 3(湖 南 高 考)When did you last hear_Jay?He phoned me this morning，and we agreed_the time and place to meet.Aof；to Babout；with Cfrom；with Dfrom；on 解析：考查介词与词组的用法。hear from收到的来信/与联系；agree on sth.就某事达成一致。句意为：你上次与Jay联系是什么时候？他今天上午给我打了

12、电话，我们就会面的时间和地点达成了一致意见。答案：D affect vt.影响；感动；打动；(疾病)侵袭；假装；喜欢(教 材 原 句 P18)Smoking in a park doesnt affect other people in the same way.在公园里吸烟同样是不会影响他人的。Citizens want more control over matters which directly affect their lives.市民要求更多地控制那些直接影响他们生活的事情。All the people in the room were affected to tears.屋里所有

13、人都感动得流了泪。She is affected with cancer.她患有癌症。The doctors are trying their best to treat the affected patients.医生们正在尽力治疗那些感染的病人。辨析：affect与effect affect动词，指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，常含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。effect作“影响”讲时，通常用作名词，构成have an effect on对有影响。Heavy drinking affects your health.酗酒影响你的健康。I tried to persua

14、de him，but with little or no effect.我试图说服他，但却无济于事。What the teacher said had a great effect on me.老师说的话对我影响很大。4.(2009上海卷)With the governments aid，those_by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.AaffectBaffecting Caffected Dwere affected 解析：句中有have moved作谓语，因此空格处应选择能作定语的选项，若those后有who可选D项，这样

15、构成一个定语从句，但缺少who，因此只能选affect的过去分词形式作定语，因为affect(影响)与those(那些人们)之间是被动关系，故用affected。答案：C recognise vt.辨认出；认出；认识到(教材原句P19)Participants learn to recognisesmoking triggers(things that start them smoking)and they try to set a date in the future when they will stop smoking.参与者学会认清抽烟的诱因，并试图在未来选定一个日期来戒烟。The m

16、oment I answered the phone，I recognized his voice.我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。We all recognized her talent for dancing.我们都肯定她在舞蹈方面的才华。I recognize that I am not fit for the job.我认识到我不适合这个工作。Lincoln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents in America.林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。5.(2010安徽卷)I havent seen Sara since she

17、was a little girl，and she has changed beyond_.Ahearing Bstrength Crecognition Dmeasure 解析：根据前一分句的内容可知她变得让人“辨认”不出来了。答案：C 6Sometimes we cant _ones voice on the phone even though we _ him/her very well.A know；know B recognise；recognise C recognise；know D know；recognise 解析：句意为：即使我们熟悉某个人，有时在电话中也不能听出他/她的声

18、音。recognise辨认出；know认识并熟悉。答案：C be related to和有关的；和有联系的(1)relate.to.把和联系在一起(2)relation n关系 in/with relation to关于；与相比 bear/have relation to sth.与某事有关 Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。Have you studied any courses related to the post you are applying for？你学习的一些课程与你审

19、请的工作有关吗？I cant relate what you said to what I saw.我不能把你说的与我看到的联系在一起。I have a lot to say in relation to that affair.关于那件事，我有很多话要说。7.I feel_necessary for her to learn foreign languages because the job she will do is_to foreign business.Aone；related Bit；related Cit；relating Dthat；relating 解析：句意为：我觉得她有必

20、要学外语因为她要从事的工作与外贸有关。第一个空为it作形式宾语，真正宾语为动词不定式to learn foreign languages，第 二 个 空 be related to与有关，为固定短语。答案：B break into破门而入，强行闯入；突然起来(教材原句P13)The next day，I broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder.第二天，我闯入一户人家，偷了一台电视机和一台录像机。break in闯入；打断 break off中断；中止；断交；突然停止 break out爆发；突然发生 brea

21、k down失败；故障 break up打碎；分裂；破碎 The thief planned to break into a bank，but he failed to carry out his plan.小偷计划闯入银行，但是没能实施计划。The girl broke into tears at the news that she failed again.小女孩听到她再次失败的消息突然哭起来。Burglars had broken in while they were away on holiday.他们外出度假时，小偷闯入屋内行窃。I was still sleeping when t

22、he fire broke out，and then it spread quickly.当火灾发生时我正在睡觉，然后它快速蔓延开了。You will break down sooner or later if you go on working like that.如果你继续向那样工作，迟早会累垮的。The Young lovers break up because they cannot afford an apartment.那对年轻恋人分手了，因为他们买不起楼房。8.(2009天津卷)Sorry，I have to_now.Its time for class.OK，Ill call

23、back later.Ahang up Bbreak up Cgive up Dhold up 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。本题创设的语境是打电话。break up拆散；分解；give up放弃；hold up延误，阻挡；hang up挂断(电话)，挂起，符合语境，故选A项。答案：A 9 He hurried home，only to find his house_.Ahad broken into Bhas been broken into C broken into D being broken into 解析：句意为：他匆匆忙忙回家，结果发现有人闯入过他的房子。从逻辑关系上分析，“房子”

24、与“闯入”之间应是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应排除A项，而B项的错误之处在于它的时态错误。C、D两项的不同之处在于前者表示动作已完成，后者表示动作正在进行中。答案：C give up放弃；交出，让出；认输(教材原句P19)And here are some ideas to help people to give up smoking.下面有几条帮助人们戒烟的建议 give away泄露(机密)；暴露；分发(奖品等)give back归还，送还 give in(to sb.)屈服，让步 give off发出(蒸汽、味道)；发散(光线)give out用完，用尽；分发；公布 He was asked

25、 to give up smoking and drinking.他被要求戒烟戒酒。In the bus，the young should give up their seats to the old.在公共汽车上，年轻人应该把座位让给老年人。After a month，their food supplies gave out.过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。Eventually he gave in and accepted the job on their terms.最后，他作出让步，接受了他们的工作条件。These wild flowers give off a nice smell

26、.这些野花散发出一股香味。10.(浙江高考)Would you please_thisform for me to see if Ive filled it in right?Atake off Blook after Cgive up Dgo over 解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。go over意思是“复习；再看一遍”，联系后面“to see if Ive filled it in right”我们知道，说话人让对方再看一遍。take off起飞，脱下；look after照料，照看；give up放弃。答案：D 11The news of the mayors coming to our

27、school for a visit was_on the radio yesterday.Aturned out Bfound out Cgiven out Dcarried out 解析：句意为：市长要来我校参观的消息已于昨日通过广播公布了。A项意为“结果是，制造、生产”；B项意为“查清，弄明”；C项意为“分发，散发”；D项意为“履行，实施”。答案：C 12 No matter how hard it is，the strongwilled mother will never_thehope to find her lost son.Ahold up Bgive up Chold back

28、 Dgive back 解析：由句意可知妈妈绝对不放弃找儿子的希望。hold up耽搁；推迟；支撑；give up放弃；hold back阻挡；抑制；give back归还，故选B项。答案：B(教材原句P16)Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在学校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻烦。be likely to do sth.很可能干某事 It is likely that.很可能 not likely绝不可能(才不呢)，表示强烈反对 It is likely that he will be late.He is likely

29、to be late.他可能会迟到。The headmaster is not likely to attend the meeting.校长很可能会不来参加会议了。It is very likely that my parents will not allow me to go.我父母很可能不会让我去。Me？Join the army？Not likely！我？参军入伍？没门！13.(2010陕西卷)Studies show that people are more_to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer

30、 screens for long hours.Alikely Bpossible Cprobable Dsure 解析：句意为：研究表明如果总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前，人们的背部很有可能会出现毛病。本题考查表“可能性”的三个形容词possible，probable，likely在搭配上的区别：It is possible/probable/likely that 从句 It is possible for sb.to do sth.Sb./Sth.is likely to do sth.综上所述，正确答案为A项。答案：A 14(2011唐山摸底考试)Since he was 67，it di

31、dnt seem_ that he would continue long in that position.Aimpossible Bnecessary Cparticular Dlikely 解析：考查形容词。句意为：他已经67岁了，看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了。A、B选项用于Its impossible/important/necessary/unusual that.句型，that从句常用should动词原形，而非would动词原形。C项不符合题意，故选D。答案：D(教材原句P16)Some people feel so nervous when they see drug u

32、sers that they call the police 一些人看到瘾君子很害怕就报警了。(教材原句P16)It was such loud music that we couldnt hear ourselves speak.音乐如此大声以至于我们听不到自己说话。The family was so poor that the boy could not buy so many books.家里太穷，男孩买不起那么多书。They are such good friends that they share almost everything.他们是非常好的朋友，几乎共同分享一切。I made

33、 so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.我的作文中出了许多错误，老师批评了我。It is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天气那么好，我们都想出去散步。So fast did the teacher speak that I couldnt follow him.(The teacher spoke so fast that I could not follow him.)那个老师说得太快，我听不懂。15.(2009

34、重庆卷)Peter was so excited_hereceived an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.Awhere Bthat Cwhy Dwhen 解析：句意为：当Peter的朋友邀请他来重庆时，他很是兴奋。此题考查状语从句，只有when引导的时间状语从句符合题意。答案：D 16(2009上 海 卷)The Great Wall is_tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.A so a wellknownB a so wellknown C

35、 such wellknown a D such a wellknown 解析：句意为：长城是如此著名的旅游胜地，以至于每年都有上百万人涌来。sucha形容词单数名词that从句，表示“如此以至于”。答案：D(教材原句P19)Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else!无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！本句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意为“无论什么”。还可引导名词性从句，相当于anything that.Whatever he did，his parents s

36、upported him.No matter what he did，his parents supported him.不管他做什么，他父母都支持他。I dont believe whatever he said.我不相信他说的一切。Ill take whatever help I can get.任何帮助我都接受。(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状 语 从 句，相 当 于 no matter when/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时

37、相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样；无论如何”，具体结构为：however形容词/副词主语谓语。Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难的时候，他们都会帮助我们。However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。Whoever breaks the l

38、aw should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)无论谁触犯法律，都应受到惩罚。17.(2010上海卷)_you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.AHowever a serious problem BWhat a serious problem CHowever serious a problem DWhat serious a problem 解析：句意为：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，

39、what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；howeveradj.a/an单数名词whatevera/anadj.单数名词，故C项正确。答案：C 18(2009全 国 卷)Could I speak to_is in charge of International Sales please?Awho Bwhat Cwhoever Dwhatever 解析：考查连接代词。句意为：请找负责国际销售的任何人接电话好吗？这里的whoever相当于anybody that，它既是主句的宾语，也是宾语从句的引导词。答案：C.填词填空 break into，be related to，be addic

40、ted to，give up，belong to，ask for，put up，die from 1 This painting was formerly owned privately，but now it_the Nation.答案：belongs to 2 When I_somehelp with the washingup，the children all left the room.答案：asked for 3Not only did they_his office and steal his books，but they also tore up his papers.答案：bre

41、ak into 4 Some people believe that ones personality_ones blood type.答案：is related to 5He_his seat on the bus to an old woman standing nearby.答案：gave up 6In big cities during cold winter months，many old people _ the polluted air.答案：die from 7In November this city_the price of water for commercial use

42、 by nearly 50%.答案：put up 8The young girl gradually became_reading，devoting herself to a wide variety of books.答案：addicted to.易错模块 1(福 建 高 考)Nancy enjoyed herself so much_shevisited her friends in Sydney last year.AthatBwhich Cwhen Dwhere 解析：句意为：去年Nancy在悉尼拜访她朋友的时候，她玩得很开心。本题是when引导的一个时间状语从句，when这里意为“当

43、的时候”，B、D两选项可以从句意和句子结构上加以排除。但可能有些学生会受so.that固定句型的影响，而选that，翻译成“如此以至于”与语境不符。答案：C 2(四 川 高 考)I havent seen Ann for_long that Ive forgotten what she looks like.Asuch Bvery Cso Dtoo 解析：句意为：我有很长时间没见着安了，我已忘记她长什么样了。so/such.that如此以致，即soadj./adv.that，而suchn.that，long为副词，故用so。答案：C 3Pop music is such an importan

44、t part of society_it has even influenced our language.Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhere 解析：考查such.that“如此以至于”结构。答案：B 4Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm_fewresidents had ever experienced before.Aas Bwhich Cand it was Dthat 解析：考查定语从句。as在此处为关系代词，作experienced的宾语。答案：A 5(2010江 西 六 所 重 点 中 学 联 考)So d

45、ifficult_itto live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English well.AI have felt Bhave I felt CI did feel Ddid I feel 解析：考查倒装。本句使用的so.that句式表示“如此以至于”，当“so形容词/副词”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装；与下文的时态相呼应，这里用一般过去时表示同时存在的情况。答案：D.语法专练 本单元语法动词不定式作目的状语和结果状语从句 1(2011成都第一次诊断)_he had shut the windows，Tom

46、 returned to check them carefully.AMaking sure BTo make sure CHaving made sure DMake sure 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了确定已关上窗户，汤姆返回仔细查看。这里是动词不定式作目的状语。答案：B 2(2011东 城 检 测 一)Another primary school is reported_ for children in Wenchuan now.Ato have been built Bto have built Cbeing built Dto be building 解析：句意为：据报道现在

47、又给汶川的孩子 们 建 了 另 外 一 所 小 学。此 句 是“Its reported that another primary school has been built for children in Wenchuan now.”的另外一种表达形式。答案：A 3(2010新课标全国卷)With Fathers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank_presents for my dad.Abuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought 解析：句意为：父亲节就要到了，我已经从银行取

48、了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看，本空在句中作目的状语，用不定式，因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。答案：B 4The news reporters hurried to the airport，only_the film stars had left.Ato tell Bto be told Ctelling Dtold 解析：only to be done和only to do表达结果。意思分别是“结果被”和“结果”。答案：B 5(2011东北三校第一次联考)Go to bed right away.Forget you need to get up as early as you can_the early train?Acatch Bcatching Ccaught Dto catch 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：立刻去睡觉，你忘了明天需要尽可能早起去赶早班车吗？此处是不定式短语作目的状语。句中的as early as you can是时间状语，与后面的不定式无关。答案：D练规范、练技能、练速度