新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语必修第三册学案：UNIT 1 NATURE IN THE BALANCE 预习 新知早知道 WORD版含解析.doc

1、.匹配词义A单词匹配()1.soilAn.昆虫()2.continentBn.a large area of land，usually without exact limits or borders()3.millionCprep.在下面，在下方；配不上()4.speciesDn.a substance needed to keep living things alive and to help it to grow()5.nutrientEn.土壤；国土，领土，土地()6.wildlifeFn.种，物种()7.beneathGn.animals，birds，insects，etc，that

2、are wild and live in a natural environment()8.extinctionHn.大陆，陆地，洲()9.insectInum.一百万；许多，大量()10.regionJn.灭绝，绝种答案15EHIFD610GCJABB短语匹配()1.in turnA逐渐增加，扩大()2.break downB相应地，转而()3.breathe life intoC由于，因为()4.due toD使分解(为)，使变化(成)()5.build upE给带来起色，注入活力()e up withF摆脱，丢弃，扔掉()7.call forG使发生(或存在)()8.spring to

3、mindH(公开)要求；需要()9.get rid ofI想出，想到()10.give rise toJ突然记起(或想到)答案15BDECA610IHJFG.默写单词1harm n& vt.伤害，损害2length n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长3variety n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体4survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难5thus adv.因此，从而；这样6disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪7agriculture n.农业，农学8impact n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击9damage vt

4、.& n.损害，伤害，损坏，破坏10climate n.气候；倾向，风气.语境填空absolutely；defence；nowhere；protest；profit；various；recycle；former；further；agriculture1We have decided to take no further action.2Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.3The car park was absolutely packed solid with people.4Nowhere else in

5、 the world can a tourist find cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.5Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Review.6The company made a healthy profit on the deal.7Tents come in various shapes and sizes.8She is going to recycle useful rubbish.9The number of people employed in agriculture has

6、fallen in the last decade.10What points can be raised in defence of this argument.语法填空之派生词1He has made it absolutely(absolute) clear so you must have understood.2A tracker(track) is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints.3They have driven the rhino to the edge of exti

7、nction(extinct)4His application(apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.5As babies，we rely entirely(entire) on others for food.6Hes the president of a large international organization (organize)7There are conflicts between regional(region) and national interests.8Some economic(economy

8、) issues were discussed in the conference.9The leaves of certain trees are poisonous(poison) to cattle.10She earns her living (live)as a freelance journalist.1With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。2O

9、n its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many different ecosystems.从山区流到海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。3Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。4When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients

10、to the earth.当美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质还给大地。5Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食用或药用价值的物种宝库。词语助读play a significant role in 起重要作用ecosystem n.生态系统continent n大陆，陆地；洲with an area of 面积是length n长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长one in te

11、n 十个中有一个，十分之一species n种，物种water lily 睡莲variety n不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，体wildlife n野生动植物，野生生物beneath prep.在下面，在下方；配不上survive vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难feed on 以为食in turn 相应地，转而insect n昆虫break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)nutrient n营养素，营养物breathe life into 给带来起色，注入活力carbon n碳oxygen n氧，氧气thus adv.因此，从而；这样agriculture n农业，农学cattle

12、 n牛impact n影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi & vt.有影响；冲击in danger of 处于危险中extinction n灭绝，绝种原文呈现The Amazon rainforest：a natural treasureWelcome to the jungle，a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.1 This is the Amazon rainforest.As the largest rainforest in the world，it plays a significant role inmaintain

13、ing the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.1a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals是名词the jungle的同位语。The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries，including Brazil and Peru，and one overseas region of France，all on the South American continent.With an area ofaround 6 million squar

14、e kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.2 The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in lengthroughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many differen

15、t ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth：one in tenknown speciesin the world can be found here.2more than half the size of China 是倍数表达法之一：“倍数the size of被比较的对象”。Of the 390，000 plant species known to us，more than 40，000 can be found in the Amazon.This tall and ancient bra

16、zil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat；these water liliesare big enough to lie down on.The forests different levels support an unbelievable varietyof wildlife.At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 3The next lev

17、el is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things.3 本句是完全倒装句，由“介词短语系动词主语”构成。More than 1，30

18、0 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungles plant life.This jaguar is one example.It has a yellowishbrown coat with black spots.While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forests food chain.They feed on at least 87 species，inclu

19、ding frogs.These frogs，in turn，feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Ea

20、rths oxygen.Thus，it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals：us.Over the past 50 years，about 17 per cent of the rainforest has

21、 disappeared due to human activities such as agricultureand cattlefarming. 4 As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer，we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？4 时间状语为“Over the past 50 years

22、”，主句用现在完成时态。译文参考亚马孙雨林：自然宝库欢迎来到这片丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。这是亚马孙雨林。作为世界上最大的热带雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要作用。亚马孙雨林横跨南美大陆的八个国家，包括巴西、秘鲁以及法国的一个海外地区。亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河。亚马孙河接近6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。从山区流到海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。它们使这个地区拥有地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上已知的物种有十分之一在这里能够被发现。在我们已知的39万种植物中，有4万多种能在

23、亚马孙雨林中找到。高大而古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果；这些睡莲大得可以让人躺在上面。雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。在底部，有一个地表下的根系。在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。再往上的一层是长着大叶的较矮的植物。然后是高耸而古老的阔叶树，最后是离地面好几米高的最高树木的树梢。雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。1 300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物藏身于亚马孙雨林的植物中。这只美洲豹就是一个例子。它长着一身带黑色斑点的黄褐色的皮毛。尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们仅是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。它们以包括青蛙在内的至少87种动物为食。相应地，这些青蛙以昆虫为食，而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。当美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质还给大地。亚马孙雨林通过固定碳，并产生超过全球总量的20%的氧气，使得地球生生不息。因此，它经常被称为“地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食用或药用价值的物种宝库。然而，这些不能替代的动植物面临着一个主要的危险：我们人类。在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒危物种名单越来越长，这就留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损伤“地球之肺”的后果吗？