通用版2020高考英语二轮复习专题4语法填空4.2.3词形转换课件新人教版.ppt

1、第3讲词形转换技法1 提示词为名词时,确定其正确形式的解题技巧1.【解析】causes。考查可数名词复数。此处的cause是名词,表示“原因”。根据其前的all可知,应该使用复数形式,故填causes。2.【解析】traditional。考查词形变换。作系动词are的表语,应用形容词。3.【解析】students。考查名词所有格。此处student和后面的名词future之间是所属关系,应用名词所有格。【技法点金】1.牢记名词变复数的5种变化形式(1)一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s:bookbooks,mouthmouths,househouses,girlgirls(2)以-s,-x,-ch,

2、-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es:glassglasses,boxboxes,matchmatches,brushbrushes(3)以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es:citycities,countrycountries,partyparties,factoryfactories(4)以o结尾的名词常在词尾加-s:radios,zoos,pianos,kilos photos;加-es的有以下词:heroes,Negroes,tomatoes,potatoes(5)以-f,-fe结尾的名词少数直接加-s:roofroofs,beliefbeliefs一般要变f或fe为v再加-e

3、s:self,life,thief,wife,knife,leaf,shelf,wolf,half 2.熟记名词变动词和形容词的后缀前缀/后缀示例en-courage n.勇气encourage vt.鼓励-enstrength n.力气strengthen vt.加强-izeapology n.道歉apologize v.道歉-alnature n.自然natural adj.自然的-yhealth n.健康healthy adj.健康的前缀/后缀示例-fulhelp n.帮助helpful adj.有帮助的-ousdanger n.危险dangerous adj.危险的-tiveimpre

4、ssion n.印象impressive adj.印象深刻的-ibleaccess n.进入,使用权,通路accessible adj.容易取得的【过关检测】1.(2018浙江6月高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese _(dish)is seen as especially troublesome.dishes2.(2018全国卷)To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to _(strength)

5、your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.3.(2018全国卷)Running is cheap,easy and its always _(energy).strengthenenergetic4.(2017全国卷)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _(crowd)on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.crowds技法2 提示词为

6、形容词或副词时,确定其正确形式的解题技巧1.【解析】finally。考查词形变换。根据空格出现的位置,助动词之后实义动词之前可知使用副词。2.【解析】longer。考查副词的比较级。根据空后的than和句意可知,此处应该使用比较级形式,故填longer。3.【解析】unfortunately。考查词形变换。根据语境可知,“没有确凿的证据”是件不幸的事情,应用unfortunately。【技法点金】1.熟记形容词变副词的规则情况变化规则示例一般情况直接加-lybravebravely双音节、多音节,以-y结尾变y为i,再加-lyeasyeasilyhappyhappily单音节,以-y结尾直接加

7、-lydrydrylyshyshyly 情况变化规则示例以-le结尾去e加-ysimplesimplygentlegently以元音字母+-e结尾去e加-lytruetruly以-ll结尾只加-yfullfullydulldully以-ic结尾加-allybasicbasicallyscientificscientifically2.牢记形容词变名词的后缀后 缀示 例-ageshort adj.短缺的shortage n.不足;短缺-cyfluent adj.流利的fluency n.流利;流畅-domwise adj.聪明的wisdom n.明智;智慧-encedifferent adj.不

8、同的difference n.差异-nessweak adj.虚弱的weakness n.虚弱;弱点-thstrong adj.强壮的strength n.力气,优势后 缀示 例-ydifficult adj.困难的difficulty n.困难-tysafe adj.安全的safety n.安全-ityresponsible adj.负责的responsibility n.责任3.牢记比较等级的常见结构(1)句中含有than,much,any,far,still,even,a bit,a lot等时,要用比较级。(2)the+比较级.the+比较级 越越(3)比较级+and+比较级 越来越(

9、4)the+比较级+of the two+名词复数 两者中较的那个(5)the+最高级+in(of,among).在某范围内最【易错警示】理清语境,谨防比较混乱If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of _(great)and less importance.(变式)Long-distance race is won by the runner with the _(great)endurance.【剖析】题中空格处和后面的less并列

10、,指两种不同性质的工作,填greater;题中空格处暗指与所有runners(三者以上)的比较,空格前的定冠词the也是最高级的标志之一,所以填greatest。【过关检测】1.(2019全国卷)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were _(huge)popular with tourists.hugely2.(2018全国卷)A taste for meat is _(actual)behind the change:An important part of its corn is use

11、d to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.3.(2018全国卷)He screams the _(loud)of all.4.(2018浙江6月高考)There could be an even _(high)cost on your health.actuallyloudesthigher技法3 提示词为代词时,确定其正确形式的解题技巧1.【解析】them。考查代词。空格前面是动词,空格处应用宾格。2.【解析】myself。考查代词。她认为我弄伤了自己。根据前面的主语I可知,此处要用反身代词作宾语。3.【解析】their。use在此处是名词,故用形容词性物主代词t

12、heir作定语。【技法点金】牢记代词的句法功能1.人称代词:人称代词的主格主要作主语;宾格作宾语或表语。2.物主代词:形容词性的物主代词只能作定语;名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语或表语。3.反身代词:作宾语、表语或同位语。【易错警示】逻辑关系不明,代词形式错用She is a big help when I need someone to quiz _(I)for a test or check my homework.She is a big help when I need to quiz _(I)for a test or check my homework.【剖析】题quiz的宾语,与

13、quiz的逻辑主语并非同一人,应用人称代词的宾格me;题也作quiz的宾语,但与quiz的主语是同一人,应用反身代词myself。【过关检测】1.(2018浙江11月高考)One cup of coffee in the late afternoon or evening will cause _(they)to stay awake almost all night.them2.(2019南昌二模)Louis the Fourteenth turned ballet into a form of dance that reflected _(he)power and influence.3.

14、As the third solar term in the lunar year,_(it)name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.hisits4.To _(she)credit,those on-court achievements,along with Ls engaging personality,helped spur interest in tennis at home in China.5.(2019芜湖三模)And come to think about it,we devote _(us)more to work than to our family.herourselves