高二英语（新人教版选修8）教学课件：UNIT 4 PERIOD Ⅲ .ppt

1、教师用书独具演示 教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对语法的学习让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，复习掌握过去分词作状语的用法。教学地位 语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。新课导入建议 通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束 rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺 Someone who steals

2、sth.or robs sb.(教材P32)偷了某物或抢了某人东西的人。While he was away，his house was robbed.他外出时，他的家被盗了。They robbed the bank of millions of dollars.他们抢走了那家银行数百万美元。rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物；剥夺某人某物 robber n抢劫者；强盗；盗贼 robbery n抢劫；盗窃；偷盗；失窃 rob/stealrob抢劫rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的东西steal偷盗steal(sth.)from sb.偷某人的东西 Peter was robbed of

3、 his car and mobile phone.彼得的汽车和手机都被抢了。He stole from the rich to give to the poor.他偷富人的东西去接济穷人。【教师备课资源】rob不能直接跟双宾语，常用作rob sb.of sth.，与之用法相同的结构还有：remind sb.of sth.使某人想起 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会过去分词作状语的用法。Now

4、 once taughtby me，shed become an upper class lady.once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party.自我总结 以上句子中画线部分均为作。句中过去分词的逻辑主语为句子的she和that girl。【答案】过去分词；状语；主语 过去分词作状语 一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置 1过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时

5、的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者；过去分词与主语之间为动宾关系。误Seen from the mountain，we found the building is very small.正Seen from the mountain，the building is very small.误Written carelessly，he made a serious mistake in the letter.正 Written carelessly，the letter had a serious mistake.2过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放

6、在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Given more time，he can do it better.如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。Exhausted by the journey，he soon fell asleep.由于旅途劳累，他很快就睡了。二、与状语从句的转换 1过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句。Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.Whe

7、n it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2 作 条 件 状 语，可 转 换 为 if，once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。United we will stand；divided we will fall.If we are united we will stand；if we are divided we will fall.团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。3作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引导的原因状语从句。Encouraged b

8、y the progress he has made，he works harder.As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。4 作 让 步 状 语，可 转 换 为 although，though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。Exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.我们虽然爬

9、得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。5作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。6作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。Aunt Wu came in，followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu came in，and(she)was followed by her daughter.吴阿姨走进来，(她)后面跟着她的女儿。三、连

10、词过去分词 分词作时间、条件或让步状语时，为了明确其意义有时可在分词前加上when，while，if，once，unless，although等连词。相当于状语从句的省略。If merely drawn on your imagination，the report will not be convincing.假若仅靠你的想象去写，报告是不会有说服力的。Once(it is)seen，it will not be forgotten.只要看见就不会忘记。【提示】before，after一般不与过去分词连用，因为这两个词还可作介词，后要接being done的形式。四、分词的独立结构 1分词作状

11、语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和谓语动词的主语一致。否则，分词必须有自己的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构，或叫独立主格，在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。如果逻辑主语和动词是被动关系，就要用过去分词；如果是主动关系，则用现在分词。The project finished，they had a two weeks leave.完成那个计划后，他们休两周假。Weather permitting，we will go out for a picnic.天气允许的话，我们要出去野餐。2 独 立 结 构 有 时 也 可 以 用“with/without名词(或代词的宾格)分词”的

12、结构，表示伴随状况。其中with/without可以省略。They sat there silently，(with)their eyes fixed on the lake.他们静静地坐在那里，眼睛看着湖面。3有一些表达方式是固定的，其分词短语的主语可以与主句的主语不一致。Compared to his work，youll find hers is much better.要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。Judging from previous experience，he will be late.根据以往的经验来看，他得迟到。Considering hes only ju

13、st started，he knows quite a lot about it.考虑到他只是刚刚开始，他对它的了解已经不少了。五、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。1现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。现在分词动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing；如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，表示已完成动作，表示主动就用完成式having done，表示被动则用having been done。He went out shutting the door behind h

14、im.他出去后将门随手关上。Walking along the street，I met a friend of mine.沿着大街向前走时，我碰到了我的一个朋友。Having finished their work，they had a rest.完成工作后，他们就休息了。2过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们就会长得更好了。Given more time，she could do it better.如果给

15、她再多一些时间，她会做得更好。.单项填空 1(2013周口高二检测)Only according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.AtakingBtaken Cbeing taken Dhaving been taken【解析】句意：只有按照说明去服用，这种药才会非常有效。the medicine与动词 take之 间 为 被 动 关 系。Only taken according to.Only when it is taken.，故选taken在句中作状语。【答案】B 2When about what she tho

16、ught of the movie，she just said it was worth seeing a second time.Aasked Basking Cbeing asked Dto be asked【解析】用还原法作此题。将从句中省略的与主句相同的主语及助动词补上，补全后为“When she was asked about.”，ask与she之间是动宾关系，故选A项。【答案】A 3(2013北京西城区上学期期末)No one can walk the wire in the air without a bit of fear unlessvery young.Ahaving tr

17、ained Btrained Cto be trained Dbeing trained【解析】设空处为状语从句的省略，unless后省略了主语及系动词，即one is，补 全 后 为“unless one is trained very young”，因此选B项。【答案】B 4(2013潍坊三县市联考)a lift on her way，Jenny finally managed to get to the station in time.AOffered BOffer COffering DTo offer【解析】句意：Jenny在路上搭乘了便车，最后及时赶到了车站。Jenny与offer

18、之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词短语作状语。【答案】A 5 Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss，not the workers.They just carried out the order.Aas told Bas are told Cas telling Das they told【解析】当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，条件、原因、时间、让步及方式等状语从句可以进行省略。省略后的格式为“连词分词”，原句补全为“They just carried out the order as they were told”，故选A。【答案

19、】A 6for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be blamed【解析】因学校计算机网络瘫痪受到责备，爱丽丝情绪低落。be blamed for因受责备、指责。【答案】B 7by lots of wild flowers，the farm house looks more attractive.AHaving been surrounded BSurrounded CHaving surrounded DBeing surr

20、ounded【解析】surround与the farm之间为动宾关系，可排除C项；A项表示一个被动动作且在谓语动词之前已经发生，D项表示一个正在进行的被动动作，均不符合题意。【答案】B 8to these viruses without any protection is very dangerous.AExposing BExposed CTo expose DBeing exposed【解析】be exposed to“暴露于”，空缺处缺主语，D项为动名词作主语。【答案】D 9The lady was of her handbag while walking down the street

21、.Aconvinced Brobbed Ccharged Daccused【解析】句意：那位女士沿街散步时被抢包了。rob.sb.of sth.“抢某人某物，符合句意”。【答案】B 10(2013山东高考)I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start.AWhatever BWhenever CWhoever DHowever【解析】句意：每当我必须演讲时，在开始前，我都变得非常紧张。whatever“任何事物，一切事物；无论怎样”，引导名词性从句或让步状语从句；whenever“每当；无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从

22、句或让步状语从句；whoever“的人；无论是谁，不管是谁”，引导名词性从句或让步状语从句；however“不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句。故只有whenever符合句意。【答案】B.完成句子 1若给予更多的时间，我本可以做得更好。more time，I could it better.2从山顶看，这座城市显得更美。on top of the mountain，the city looks more beautiful.3得到了一次再试的机会，那个激动的男孩高兴得跳了起来。another chance，the boy jumped with joy.4从这个角度考虑，那部少儿片很值得一看。Thi

23、s factor into consideration，the film for children is well worth seeing.5老师走出教室，后面跟着一群学生。The teacher walked out of the classroom，a group of children.6由于在地下埋得太深，枯死的森林腐烂而变成了煤。down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal.7多次警告她不要玩电脑游戏，她就是不听。Though many times not to play with computer g

24、ames，she listen.8受到了极大的鼓舞，那些疲惫的运动员尽全力赢得了比赛。Greatly，the players tried to win the match.9我们的村子坐落在一个群山环绕的峡谷中，很少有污染。Our village lies in a valley by mountains，seldom.10从太空望去，地球是个被水覆盖的球体。space，the earth is a watercovered globe.【答案】1.Given；have done2.Seen3.Given；excited 4 taken；intended5.followed by6.Buried deep 7warned；wouldnt8.encouraged；tired9.surrounded；polluted10.Seen from