专题08 Unit 5 单句语法填空-2022-2023学年高一英语单句语法填空训练（外研版2019必修第一册）.docx

1、2022-2023学年高一英语单句语法填空训练 Unit 5单句语法填空基础词汇变形1. found vt. 创建；建立，兴建founder n. 创立者；缔造者foundation n. 建立；创办2. annual adj.一年一度的，每年的annually adv.每年，一年一次3. measure v.量，测量measurement n.测量；尺寸4. determine v.测定，确定determined adj.坚决的；有决心的5. eventually adv.终于，最终eventual adj.最后的6. solution n.解决，解决方法solve vt.解决7. amaz

2、ing adj.惊人的，了不起的amaze v.使惊讶 amazed adj.惊讶的8. survive v.活下来，幸存 survival n.幸存；残存物 survivor n. 幸存者9. destroy v.破坏，摧毁 destruction n.幸存；残存物 destructive adj.破坏性的10. affect v.影响 effect n.影响，效果 effective adj.有效的11. chemistry n.化学 chemical adj.化学的，化学品 chemist n. 化学家12. complete vt. 完成completion n. 完成complete

3、 adj. 完全的completely adv. 完全地13. excite vt. 使某人兴奋excitement n. 兴奋exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excited adj. 兴奋的14. shock n.吃惊，震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.感到震惊的15. reaction n.(对某一情形或事件的)反应react vi.作出反应；回应16. accommodation n.住处，工作场所accommodate v.容纳；使适应基础词汇变形1. cut down 砍掉2. in search of 寻找3. find out 找到，查明4.

4、millions of 数百万5. lead to 通向，导致6. feed on 以为主食7. make sure 确保，务必8. kill two birds with one stone 一举两得9. rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨10. when the cats away (the mice will play) 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪11. except for 除之外12. from time to time 不时地；偶尔13. be famous for 因而著名14. at a speed of 以的速度15. as white as snow雪白16. con

5、centrate on 集中注意于17. fall off 掉落18. recover from 从中恢复19. after all 毕竟20. do good to 对.有益一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1Eventually, these birds managed to reach the places _ they would spend the winter.2The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and _ (even

6、tual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 3It is up to his parents, rather than him, _(determine)which school to attend. 4In such dry weather, the flowers will be watered if they are_(survive). 5The town was_ (foundation)by English settlers in 1790. 6At last, he came up with a_ (solve

7、) to the problem. 7The Ten-year-old girl was one of the only three children who_(survive) the disaster. 8The little child and her parents lived in a shelter because their house _ (destroy) in the flood. 9Several _ (survive) of the accident have been taken to the hospital in a state of shock. 10Is th

8、is the museum _ you once worked? 11She was a brave and _(determine) girl with rich imagination. 12One was that I was _ (amaze) at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor. 13She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate _ her studies

9、. 14Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead _a waste of limited resources. 15Everyone makes mistakes,but the real test is how you react_that. 16She is determined _ (carry) on with her education. 17The government has taken measures _ (bring) down the high prices of house. 18When he

10、heard someone calling his name, he looked back in _.(amaze) 19I find it _ (amaze)that you dont know about Jay Chou.20His bad conduct had an effect _ his reputation. 21Our government has taken _ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving. 22With his attention _ (concentrate)on his book, he didnt notice

11、 someone entering his room. 23The price for the holiday includes flights and_(accommodate). 24My mother cut _ fathers trousers to fit me. 25I tried shaking him but there was no _ (react). 26We need food and water for _ (survive). 27This medicine is quite beneficial to your _ (recover) after the oper

12、ation, providing you take it as told. 28He had to overcome _ (variety) of difficulties while traveling. 29John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work_(finish)，he gladly accepted it.30As a result of the _ (destroy) of wildlife habitat (栖息地), many animals have no place to live. 31Everyone

13、in the street was _(shock) when they heard the news.32_ was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. 33To his parents relief, the boy made a quick _ (recover) after the operation. 34The problem of _ （pollute）arises along with the rapid development of

14、industry.35They will concentrate on _（teach）the basics of reading and writing.36Attempts to find a_（solve）have failed.37_（found）in 1911，Qinghua University is one of the most famous ones in China.38The new rules will become _(effect) in the next few days. 39_ (seek) truth from facts is the scientific

15、 approach. 40World Economic Forum is held _ (annual) in this city. 41The _ (solve) sounded satisfactory, but how can we take measures with so little money. 42Im afraid when the market _ (crash), you will lose all your money. 43The behavior of teachers has a great effect _ the students. 44The main re

16、ason_ he got the job in that company was his hard work. 45As one of the few_ who luckily_ the ship crash，the little girl was amazed at the _ of herself.(survive) 46There are many _ (charity) out there, so choose wisely and carefully. 47They will do their best to preserve the historic buildings from_

17、(destroy). 48He had taken up a_(pose) in the centre of the room. 49She suddenly told me that my account _(freeze) by the bank so I couldnt draw my money even if I had my new card.50They have begun to look seriously into the reasons and seek _ (solve) to the problem.参考答案：1where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最终，这些鸟设法到

18、达了它们要过冬的地方。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些地方”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。2eventually【详解】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和家园之间的联系，并最终达到预期的野生大熊猫数量水平。修饰动词achieve应用副词eventually表示“最终”作状语。故填eventually。3to determine【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：应该由他的父母而不是他来决定上哪所学校。It is up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事，根据

19、句意，故填to determine。4to survive【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在如此干燥的天气里，花要想存活就得浇水。分析句子结构可知，空格处在if引导的条件状语从句中作表语，故动词survive“幸存，活下来”要用非谓语动词的形式。结合句意，此处表示“将要存活下来”，故用不定式形式表将来。故填to survive。5founded【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这座城镇是由英国殖民者于1790年建立的。根据句意和空格前的was以及空格后by可知，该句子应该用一般过去时的被动语态；再由所给名词foundation可知，空格处应该填入过去分词founded。故填founded。6solut

20、ion【详解】考查名词。句意：最后，他想出了解决问题的办法。设空在句中宾语，且设空前是不定冠词a，所以该空填名词solution。 a solution to“的解决办法”。故填solution。7survived【详解】考查时态。句意：这个十岁的女孩是这次灾难中仅有的三个幸存下来的孩子之一。分析句子可知，设空在从句中做谓语，且与主句时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填survived。8had been destroyed【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个小孩和她的父母住在一个庇护所里，因为他们的房子在洪水中被毁了。分析句子可知，句子为“because”引导的原因状语从句，根据句中“lived”可

21、知，主句为一般过去时，从句中“destroy”的动作发生在“lived”的动作之前，应用过去完成时，且“house”和“destroy”为被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态，谓语动词为“had been done”，“destroy”意为“摧毁”，动词词性，过去分词为“destroyed”，故空格处应填“had been destroyed”。故填had been destroyed。9survivors【详解】考查名词。句意：几名事故幸存者在震惊中被送往医院。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，“survive”意为“幸存”，动词词性，根据句意可知，应用“survivor”，意为“幸存者

22、”，为可数名词，“Several”后接可数名词复数，“survivor”的复数形式为“survivors”。故填survivors。10where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是你曾经工作过的博物馆吗？分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是museum，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。11determined【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个勇敢果断、想象力丰富的女孩。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“determine”意为“决定”，动词词性，“girl”指人，故空格处应用“determined”，意为“果断的，坚决的”，形容词词性，修饰人

23、。故填determined。12amazed【详解】考查形容词。句意：其中之一是，我很惊讶一个病人看完医生后会感觉好多了。根据空格前的系动词was可知，此处应填形容词作表语，以ed结尾的形容词一般用来修饰人，因主语为I，故填amazed。13on【详解】考查介词。句意：为了专心学习，她已经拒绝了几次在演出中担任主角的邀请。concentrate和介词on搭配，意为“集中注意力于”，故本空填on。14to【详解】考查介词。句意：对新技术影响的误判会造成有限资源的浪费。lead to导致，是固定短语，故填to。15to【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每个人都会犯错，但真正的考验是你如何应对。短语rea

24、ct to表示“做出反应”。故填to。16to carry【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她决心继续她的学业。由谓语“is determined ”可知此处使用的是固定搭配“be determined to do sth”表示“决心做”，所以此处应填入动词不定式to carry作目的状语，故填to carry。17to bring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府已采取措施降低高房价。分析句子结构可知bring在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且根据短语take measures to do sth.“采取措施做某事”，可知应填不定式。故填to bring。18amazement【详解】考查名词。句意：

25、当他听到有人叫他的名字，他惊讶地回头看。in amazement表示“惊讶地”，是固定短语，故填amazement。19amazing【详解】考查形容词。句意：你不知道周杰伦，我觉得很不可思议。此处为“sb. find+it+形容词+that从句”结构，it作形式宾语，后面that从句为真正宾语，v+ed形式的形容词修饰人，而v+ing形式的形容词修饰物，故应用v+ing形式的形容词，作宾补。故填amazing。20on【详解】考查介词。句意：他的不良行为影响了他的声誉。have an effect on“对有影响”是固定短语。介词on表示“关于”。故填on。21effective【详解】考查

26、形容词。句意：我国政府已采取有效措施禁止酒后驾驶。空后的measures是名词形式，所以设空处应填形容词作定语修饰measures。根据句意，故填effective。22concentrated【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到有人进了他的房间。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，且concentrate与attention构成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填concentrated。23accommodations【详解】考查名词。句意：假期的价格包括航班和住宿。分析句子可知，设空处为动词includes的宾语，应用名词形式accommodation，

27、accommodation当“住宿”讲时为可数名词，根据前面的flights，可知这里应为复数形式，需加s，故填accommodations。24down【详解】考查短语。句意：我母亲把父亲的裤子改短了以适合我。根据句意可知此处应填入副词down，与动词cut(切)构成短语cut down表示“切短，剪短”，故填down。25reaction【详解】考查名词。句意：我试着摇晃他但是没有反应。此处缺少名词在there be句型中作主语，表示抽象意义，不可数。故填reaction。26survival【详解】考查名词。句意：我们需要食物和水才能生存。由介词for可知此处应填入提示词“survive

28、(生存)”的名词形式survival(生存)，作宾语，故填survival。27recovery【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你按医嘱服用，这种药对你手术后的恢复很有好处。根据前文“your（你的）”为形容词性物主代词可知，后应填名词；recovery作为“恢复”时，为不可数名词。故填recovery。28varieties【详解】考查名词。句意：他在旅行中必须克服各种困难。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语varieties of ，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。29finished【详解】根据with后宾语his work与补足语finish之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语，

29、强调动作的完成。30destruction【详解】考查名词。句意：由于野生动物栖息地被破坏，许多动物没有地方居住。冠词修饰名词，作介词of的宾语，destruction“破坏”是不可数名词。故填destruction。31shocked【详解】考查形容词。句意：听到那个消息，街上所有的人都震惊了。主句的主语是人，此处缺少形容词作表语，修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到的”，故填shocked。32It【详解】考查强调句型。句意：直到那年他从非洲回来，他才遇见了他想结婚的女孩。分析句子可知，本句考查强调句型。因此句首要用it,由于在句首，首字母要大写。故填It。33recovery【详解】考查

30、名词。句意：让他的父母感到宽慰的是，手术后这个男孩恢复得很快。分析可知，此处应用名词作宾语，结合a，应用该名词的单数形式。故填recovery。34pollution【详解】考查名词。句意：随着工业的迅速发展，产生了污染问题。空格前为介词，且空格后为谓语动词，没有其他成分做空格中单词的宾语，所以空格处应填名词形式。pollute（污染）的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution。35teaching【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们将集中精力教授阅读和写作的基础知识。concentrate on doing sth. 集中精力于，介词on后应用动名词作宾语，故填teaching。36s

31、olution【详解】考查名词。句意：试图找到解决办法的努力失败了。根据a可知，此处应用名词，solve是动词，其名词形全式为solution。故填solution。37Founded【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于1911年，清华大学是中国最著名的大学之一。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词，句子主语Qinghua University和found之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填Founded。38effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：新规则将在未来几天生效。此处用形容词作表语，故填effective。39Seeking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从事实中寻求真相是科学的方

32、法。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用动名词形式作主语，位于句首，注意大写，故填Seeking。40annually【详解】考查副词。句意：世界经济论坛每年在这个城市举行。根据is held可知，横线处应该用副词形式修饰动词作状语。故填annually。41solution【详解】考查名词。句意：这个办法听起来令人满意，但是我们钱这么少怎么采取措施呢？根据The可知，横线处应该用名词形式作主语，根据句意用单数，故填solution。42crashes【详解】考查时态。句意：恐怕市场崩溃的时候，你会损失所有的钱。根据when可知，横线处应该用单三形式，构成主将从现。故填crashes。43on【详解

33、】考查介词。句意：老师的行为对学生有巨大的影响。have a (n) effect on固定短语，“对有影响”，故填on。44why【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他能在那家公司上班的原因是他工作很努力。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，The main reason作先行词，从句中缺少状语，所以应填why。故填why。45 survivors survived survival【详解】考查名词和动词。句意：作为从船难中逃生的为数不多的幸存者之一，这个小女孩惊叹自己能幸存下来。分析句子结构以及句意可知，第一个空应填名词复数形式表示“幸存者”，所以应填survivors；第二个空应填谓语

34、动词，且描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时，所以应填survived；第三个空应填名词形式表示“幸存”，此处为不可数名词，所以应填survival。故填survivors survived survival。46charities【详解】考查名词。句意：有很多慈善机构，所以要明智而谨慎地选择。charity为可数名词，many后面需加名词复数形式。故填charities。47being destroyed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们将尽力保护这些历史建筑不受破坏。from为介词，后面需加动名词，the historic buildings和destroy为逻辑动宾关系，需用动名词

35、的被动式。故填being destroyed。48position【详解】考查名词。句意：他在房间的中央占据了一个位置。分析句子，在不定冠词a之后用单数名词position(位置)符合题意。故填position。49had been frozen【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：她突然告诉我，我的账户已被银行冻结，所以即便我有了新卡，我还是取不到钱。分析句子可知，从句谓语动词freeze这个动作发生在主句谓语动词told这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，且与从句主语my account之间为被动关系，故此空用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故填had been frozen。50solutions【详解】考查名词。句意：他们已开始认真研究原因并寻求解决问题的办法。此处用名词solution的复数形式表泛指，做宾语。故填solutions。