2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 微专题 倒装句（含解析）.docx

1、2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题(倒装句) 考点清单一、完全倒装句要点精讲1：表示地点的副词here, there位于句首，句子采用完全倒装，即主语和谓语颠倒位置。注意该结构主语为代词时不倒装；谓语动词也不能用进行时态。例1：Here comes a taxi! 例2：There went the last train!例3：Here you are.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.John opened the door. There _(stand) a girl he had never seen before. 【答案与解析】1. stood。结合语境应

2、用一般过去时。故答案是stood。要点精讲2：表示方向的副词in, out, up, down位于句首，句子采用完全倒装语序。例4：Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2. The gun shot and away_(fly) the bird.3. Down _( jump) the thief from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.【答案与解析】2. flew。首先这是一个并列句，谓语动词应用一般过

3、去时；然后构成完全倒装句。故答案是flew。3. jumped。副词down位于句首构成完全倒装句，结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是jumped。要点精讲3：表示时间的副词now, then位于句首，句子采用完全倒装语序。例5：Now comes your turn. 例6：Then came the chairman. 4. For a moment nothing happened. Then (come) voices all shouting together. 【答案与解析】4. came。时间副词then位于句首构成完全倒装句。故答案是came。要点精讲4：介词短语in front

4、 of, at the back of, in the middle of等位于句首，采用完全倒装语序。例7：On the wall hangs a world of map.例8：At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。5. Just in front of our house _(stand) a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years. 6. Among the crises that face humans _(be) the lack

5、of natural resources. 【答案与解析】5. stood。介词短语in front of our house位于句首构成完全倒装句。故答案是stood。6. is。that face humans是定语从句，修饰先行词crises；介词短语Among the crises位于句首构成完全倒装句。故答案是is。要点精讲5：用作表语的形容词、分词等位于句首，句子采用完全倒装语序。上述五种情况可以归纳为：地方时间表。例9：Lying on the floor was a wounded boy.例10：Present at the discussion were several h

6、ealth experts.例11：Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。7. Present at the party yesterday_(be) Mr green and many other guests.8. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, (attend) the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (

7、校友) from home and abroad.【答案与解析】7. were。本句是形容词短语提前构成的倒装句，真正主语是Mr green and many other guests。故答案是were。8. attending。本句是完全倒装句，可以还原为our alumni (校友) from home and abroad are the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning。故答案是attending。考点清单二、部分倒装句要点精讲1： only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，句子（主句）采用部分倒装语序。例12：Only

8、then did he realize that he was mistaken. 例13：Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 例14：Only when we landed did we see how badly the plane had been damaged.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。9.Only with the greatest of luck she manage to escape from the rising flood waters. 10. Only after M

9、ary read her composition the second time_ she notice the spelling mistake. 11. _ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. 【答案与解析】9. did。Only修饰的介词短语位于句首构成部分倒装；结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是did。10. did。Only修饰的状语从句位于句首构成部分倒装；结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是did。11. Only。Only修饰的介词短语位于句首构成部分倒装；根据后

10、面倒装判断这里应用副词only。故答案是Only。要点精讲2：so/such.that句型位于句首时，主句部分采用倒装语序。例15：So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.例16：Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。12So curious _ the couple about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madag

11、ascar for further research. 13._much homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. 14. So sudden _the attack that the enemy had no time to escape. 【答案与解析】12. were。so.that句型位于句首时，主句部分采用倒装语序;主语the couple复数概念，结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是were。13. So。so.that句型位于句首时，主句部分采用倒装语序。故答案是So。14. was。so.that句

12、型位于句首时，主句部分采用倒装语序；根据语境主句缺少谓语，故答案是was。要点精讲3：as引导让步状语从句时，要把形容词、副词、单数名词、原形动词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序。注意：该句型as可用though替换；单数名词前常省略不定冠词。例17：Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl. 例18：Beautiful though the necklace was, we thought it was over-priced. 例19：Hard though they tried, they couldnt make her change her mind.

13、 例20：Try as he would, he couldnt open the door.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。15.Try she might, Sue couldnt get the door open. 16. Because Ive an important meeting to attend, I cant come to your party this evening, _as Id like to.17. _ (heavy) as it rained, the football game has been decided not to b

14、e put off. 【答案与解析】15. as/though。as引导让步状语从句时，要把原形动词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序;as和though通用。故答案是as/though。16. much。as引导让步状语从句时，要把副词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序。故答案是much。17. Heavily。as引导让步状语从句时，要把副词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序。故答案是Heavily。要点精讲4：if虚拟条件从句含有were/had/should时,省去if,将这些词移至主语之前，构成部分倒装。例22：Were I you (= If I were you), I would go a

15、broad.例22：Had I arrived (= If I had arrived) five minutes earlier, I would have caught the flight.例23：Should he come (=If he should come) today, tell him to ring me up.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。18. _you be fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.19._(be) there

16、no air or water, there would be no life in the world.【答案与解析】18. Should。Should you be fired=If you should be fired。故答案是Should。19. Were。Were there no air or water= If there were no air or water。故答案是were。要点精讲5：“neither/ nor/ so+助动词/系动词/情态动词”表示前面一种否定/肯定情况也适合于后者。注意：“so+主语+谓语”属于强调句，表示“确实如此”；“主语+谓语+so”属于陈述

17、句，表示“照着做”；So it is with sb.=It is the same with sb.表示两种以上情况也适合于后者。例24：She is a bit nervous. So am I.例25：He cant speak German, neither can I.例26：Mr Smith is a teacher and seldom comes later to class. So it is with Mrs Smith.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。20 I would never ever come to this restaurant a

18、gain. The food is terrible!Neither _ I. 21. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _ he even give it a thought. 22. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for ten years. _ it is with his aunt.23. -Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. -So she _, and so _

19、I. 【答案与解析】20. would。结合语境这里表示前一种肯定情况适合于后者，时态也应保持一致。故答案是would。21. will。结合语境这里表示前一种否定情况适合于后者，时态也应保持一致。故答案是will。22. So。So it is with sb.=It is the same with sb.表示两种以上情况也适合于后者。故答案是So。23. did; did。- Maggie聚会上很开心。-她的确如此。我也很开心。故答案是did; did。要点精讲6：Not until表示“直到才”,位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，until从句不倒装。例27：Not until yes

20、terday did I learn anything about it.例28：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。24. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago he consider having a holiday abroad.【答案与解析】24. did。Not until表示“直到才”,位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，until从句不倒装。故答案是did。要点精讲7：ha

21、rdly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan句型位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。注意主句谓语用过去完成时。例29：No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.例30：Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。25.-Did Linda see the traffic accident?-No, no sooner _ she _(go) than it happene

22、d.26. Hardly _he _(sit) down when he heard a knock at the door.【答案与解析】25. had; gone。no soonerthan句型位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。注意主句谓语用过去完成时。故答案是had; gone。26. had; sat。hardlywhen句型位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。注意主句谓语用过去完成时。故答案是had; sat。要点精讲8：表示否定或半否定的词汇，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, by no means,

23、in no case, at no time, in no way, under no circumstances等位于句首时，部分倒装。例31：Not once has he failed to fulfill his tasks.例32：Hardly does she have time to listen to music.例33：On no account must you accept any money if he offers it.例34：Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单

24、词或括号内单词的正确形式。27. We laugh at jokes, but seldom we think about how they work.28. Maybe youve been to many countries, but nowhere else you find such a beautiful palace.29.Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means the teacher satisfied with my progress. 30. Under no circumstances _ we

25、allow drugs to become uncontrolled in our district.31. When can I use your computer? Never! At _time should you touch it. 【答案与解析】27. do。表示否定意义的副词seldom位于句首，后面采用部分倒装；结合语境应用一般现在时。故答案是do。28. can/will。表示否定意义的副词nowhere else位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是can/will。29. was。表示否定意义的介词短语by no means位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是was。30.

26、 shall/should。表示否定意义的介词短语Under no circumstances位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是shall/should。31. no。表示否定意义的介词短语at no time位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是no。要点精讲9：Not onlybut also表示“不但而且“，位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。例35：Not only does she speak Spanish, but also she knows how to type.例36：Not only did he refuse the gift, but also he severe

27、ly criticized the sender.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。32. Not only _ they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. 33. The computer was used in teaching, As a result, not only _ teachers energy saved, but students became more inter

28、ested in the lessons. 【答案与解析】32. did。Not onlybut also表示“不但而且“，not only位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。故答案是did。33. was。Not onlybut also表示“不但而且“，not only位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。故答案是was。要点精讲10：may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意后边谓语用动词原形。例37：May you have a happy life！【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。34. May you _(success). 35. May you _(b

29、less) in everything you do. 【答案与解析】34. succeed。may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意may后边谓语用动词原形。故答案是succeed。35. be blessed。may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意may后边谓语用动词原形。故答案是be blessed。好题再练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. (2019江苏改编)The professor warned the students that on no account _they use mobile phones in his class.2. (2017江苏改编)_(be

30、) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.3.Only when Lily walked into the office_she realize that she had left the contract at home.4.Only after talking to two students_I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching g

31、oals.5. It might have saved me some trouble _I known the schedule.6. If I _(not see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it.7.No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage_ the audience broke into thunderous applause.8. Not once _ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student i

32、n his class.9.Not until he went through real hardship _he realize the love we have for our families is important. 10. At no time _ they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. 【答案】1. could/should 2. Were 3. Did 4. Did 5. had 6. Hadnt seen 7. than 8. did 9. did 10. did好题再练

33、（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11. _ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.12._it not for your help, I couldnt have made such amazing progress. 13._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.14. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _ does John. 1

34、5. Hardly _ they _(reach) Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London. 16. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _ I felt so lonely as now. 17. Jimmy was so nervous that not a single word _ he write down in the dictation.18. -Is everyone here? -Not yetLook, th

35、ere_(come) the rest of our guests!19. Into the dark room_(walk) David, who was surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday”.20. Under _ circumstances can we allow drugs to become uncontrolled in our district.【答案】11. Such 12. Were 13. Should 14. Neither/nor 15. had, reached 16. have 17. did 18. c

36、ome 19. walked 20. no好题再练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21. Unsatisfied although he felt with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.22. -How was the weather then? -Hardly did he stepped off the plane when it started to rain.23. So severely was the storm that the pilot couldnt fly t

37、hrough it.24. Only if you eat the correct foods will you will be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 25. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once they quarreled with each other. 26. Long lives the Communist Party of China!27. Between the two buildings stand a tall tree.28. Not onl

38、y he speak Russian fluently but also he likes Russian songs.29. Should someone calls me, tell him to wait for me here.30. Try as he might, but Tom couldnt get out of the difficulty.【答案与解析】21. although改为as/though 22. did改为had 23. severely改为severe 24. 去掉第二个will 25. once后加have 26. lives改为live 27. stand改为stands 28. only后加does 29. calls改为call 30.去掉but