2019版高考英语一轮高分计划一轮高分讲义（含2018最近模拟题）：必修5 第1节 WORD版含答案.docx

1、必修5听第1段材料，回答第1题。1What subject does the man like best?AHistory.BBiology.CChemistry.答案：A听第2段材料，回答第2题。2What is the male speaker?AA student.BA president.CA professor.答案：A听第3段材料，回答第3题。3What is the womans opinion about the course?AToo hard.BWorth taking. CVery easy.答案：B听第4段材料，回答第4、5题。4What time is it now?

2、A1：45.B2：10.C2：15.答案：A5What will the man do?AWork on a project.BSee Linda in the library.CMeet with Professor Smith.答案：C【技巧点拨】在听力题中，有时并不明确给出信息，而需要考生根据所听到的内容进行推理、整合，从而判断出正确答案。如第2题中，根据“take on students”和“well have more chances . ”可推断出说话人的身份为学生。Text 1M：What have you been studying?W：Biology and chemistr

3、y.I like natural sciences.How about you?M：I prefer social sciences. I like history best.Text 2W：Have you heard our president is starting a new program?M：Oh, really? How will it benefit us?W：The program requires professors to take on students in their research projects. Then, well have more chances o

4、f gathering research experience.Text 3M：This course is really difficult.W：I dont think its all that bad, and well benefit a lot from it.M：So youre taking it too?W：Thats true.Text 4M：By the way, do you know what time it is?W：Well, its 1：45.M：Oh, Ive got to go.W：See Linda in the library?M：No. Actually

5、 Im going to meet with Professor Smith at 2：10. You may continue a project discussion with Michael.W：All right.1核心单词(1)conclude(vt. & vi.) 结束；推断出conclusion(n.) 结论；结束(2)defeat(vt.) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.) 失败(3)attend(vt.) 照顾；护理；出席；参加(4)expose(vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光exposure(n.) 暴露；揭发(5)cure(n.) 治愈；痊愈 (vt.) 治愈；治疗(6)cha

6、llenge(n.) 挑战 (vt.) 向挑战(7)suspect(vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯(8)blame(vt.) 责备；谴责 (n.) 过失；责备(9)pollute(vt.) 污染；弄脏pollution(n.) 污染(10)contribute(vt. & vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助contribution(n.) 贡献2阅读单词(1)scientific (adj.) 科学的 (2)analyse (vt.) 分析 (3)expert (adj.) 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的(n.) 专家；行家 (4)victim (n.) 受害者 (5)absorb (vt

7、.) 吸收；吸引；使专心 (6)instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导 (7)construct (vt.) 建设；修建 (8)positive (adj.) 积极的；肯定的；确实的 (9)enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的；热心的 (10)cautious (adj.) 小心的；谨慎的 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1That year, I _(attend) a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.答案：attended2Instead of

8、_(blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.答案：blaming3In the end the idea almost leads them to the same _(conclude)答案：conclusion4After he was _(cure) of the cancer, he lived a normal life.答案：cured5Not knowing what was wrong with his car, Tom decided to s

9、end for an experienced man _(handle) the problem.答案：to handle6These soldiers were put in prison because they rejected _(obey) orders.答案：obeying7To our surprise, many rivers and lakes nearby are seriously _(pollute)答案：polluted8When I came in, he was _(absorb) in reading a new novel.答案：absorbed9Were n

10、ot saying that everyone needs _(contribute) their lives to the poor.答案：to contribute10The young player was _(defeat) by his partner in the game, but he didnt lose heart.答案：defeated联想积累1后缀sion构成的抽象名词conclusion 结论；结束admission 准许进入；承认confusion 混乱；困惑；混淆expression 词组；表达；表情oppression 压迫；压制permission 允许；许可

11、profession 职业；专业impression 印象2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive 积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的1put_forward提出2draw_a_conclusion得出结论3expose . to . 使显露；暴露4be_absorbed_in 全神贯注于；专心致志于5be_to_blame应受责备；应承担责任6link . to .将和联系或连接起来 7contribute to 导致；有助于；撰稿 8apart from 除之外；此外 9be stri

12、ct with 对严格 10make sense 讲得通；有意义 【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空put forward, draw a conclusion, apart from, make sense, contribute to, expose . to . 1.From what is said above, we can _that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.答案：draw a conclusion2I think the plan _by Mr Smith is very reasonable.答案：put f

13、orward3_the sun for a long time is harmful to your health.答案：Being exposed to4Positive emotions _both our health and our success.答案：contribute to5Our team, _regular training, will join in a variety of activities.答案：apart from6It doesnt _to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.答案：make sense

14、联想积累1“动词宾语to”短语expose . to .使显露；暴露link . to .将和联系或连接起来add . to .把加到里compare . to . 把比作devote . to . 把奉献于supply . to . 向供应2“be过去分词in”短语be absorbed in 专心于be lost in 陷入；专心致志于be caught in 被困在be buried in 埋头于be occupied in 忙于3与forward搭配的短语put forward 提出look forward to 盼望bring forward 提出step forward 向前迈步1

15、Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。【句式仿写】1_ (老师和他的学生们都没有) come across such a difficult problem.答案：Neither the teacher nor his students have2_ (每次) I was in trouble, he

16、would come to help me out.答案：Every time联想积累1并列连词neither . nor . neither . nor . “既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词。either . or . 不是就是not only . but also . 不但而且not . but . 不是而是此外，遵循“就近原则”的还有There be句型。2引导时间状语从句的名词，副词和连词小结作连词，引导时间状语从句的名词短语有：every time, each time, any time, next

17、time, the first time, the moment, the instant, the second, the minute, the hour, the day等。有些副词，如directly, instantly, immediately等也可引导状语从句。关联从属连词no sooner . than, hardly/scarcely/barely . when等也能引导时间状语从句。如果no sooner, hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首，主句要用倒装语序。 单词点津concludevt. & vi. 结束；推断出教材原句Draw a conclusi

18、on 得出结论(1)concludeconclude sth. to conclude 最后(2)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之；最后【特别提醒】表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空He concluded _their remarks that they were not in favour of

19、 the plan.答案：from(2)完成句子_ , Id like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。The meeting _ .会议于十点钟结束。答案：In conclusionconcluded at ten oclockattendvt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加教材原句John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.

20、约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。attend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/funeral/party 参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/参加葬礼/出席聚会attend sb. 看护，照料某人attend to 处理，料理(生意或个人事务)；接待(顾客)【特别提醒】attend侧重“参加”之意。attend to作“处理”讲时，与do/deal with近义；另attend作“看护；照料”讲时，与take care of, look after近义。【即景活用】(

21、1)单句语法填空If you had told me beforehand, I would _(attend) your wedding.All the participants were required to sign in as they entered the hall _(attend) the meeting.答案：have attendedto attend(2)完成句子I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to _ .今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。答案：attend toe

22、xposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。expose . to .使暴露于/面临/遭受be exposed to 暴露于；接触expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物exposed adj. 暴露的；无遮蔽的exposure n. 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光【特别提醒】在expose . to . 以及be exposed to .结构中，t

23、o为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。【即景活用】完成句子Dont _direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。If _the outside surroundings, theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future.置身于外部的环境，他们将变得更强大，并且为未来更好地做准备。Some children are never _classical music.一些孩子从来就没有接触过古典音乐。答案：expose your skin toexpose

24、d toexposed toabsorbvt. 吸收；吸引；使专心教材原句The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意absorb . from .从中吸收absorb . into .把吸收进be absorbed by/into 被吞并/吸引(be) absorbed in . 全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj.

25、全神贯注的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空However, when something did interest me, I could become _(absorb)Plants absorb carbon dioxide _the air and moisture from the soil.答案：absorbedfrom(2)完成句子_in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.全神贯注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕降临了。答案：Absorbedblamevt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备教

26、材原句It seemed that the water was to blame.看起来水是罪魁祸首。(1)blame sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)应承担责任；应受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for . 对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame on sb. 把责任推到某人身上【特别提醒】be to blame 为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。【即景活用】完成句子I of

27、ten had crazy dreams in which I _for Millers accident.我经常做噩梦，在梦中感觉我应该对米勒发生的事故负责。Alice was in low spirits because she _the breakdown of the school computer network.因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的瘫痪负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Many children are afraid of _for failing the exam.许多孩子害怕因考试不及格而受责备。I am ready _for the mistake.我准备为这个错误承担责任。

28、答案：was to blamewas blamed forbeing blamedto take/bear/accept the blamecontributevt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助教材原句to contribute捐献(1)contribute . to .向捐献contribute to 有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；为撰稿(2)contribution n. 捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献；为捐款【特别提醒】表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语有：contribute to, result in

29、, bring about, lead to, cause等。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Who made a great _(contribute) to the civil rights movement in the US?Alcohol contributes _100,000 deaths in the US each year.答案：contributionto(2)完成句子If you want to _our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.如果你想给我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章发给我

30、。答案：contribute to短语点拨put forward 提出；推荐；将提前；将(钟表)向前拨教材原句Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出关于黑洞的理论？【即景活用】写出下列句子中put forward的含义The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving._ My watch was slow, so I put it forward three minutes._ She was put forward as an

31、 advanced worker._ They have put forward the date of the meeting by three days._ 答案：提出把表拨快推荐将提前apart from 除之外，还；此外教材原句Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了以上提到的结构，你也学过下面的词组。(1)apart from具有下列三层含义：相当于besides。指“除之外，另外还有”，强调“另外还有”；相当于except。指“除了”，表示

32、从整体中除去；相当于except for。指“除外”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take .apart 将拆开tell sb./sth. apart 把某人/某物区分开【即景活用】完成句子I have finished _the last question.除了最后一道题，我全做完了。_the yard and making up the beds for the old, we also read newspapers for them and had chats with them.除了打扫庭院和为老人们铺床外，我们还为他们读报纸并且跟他们聊天。They a

33、re so alike, and its difficult to _ .他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。答案：apart fromApart from cleaningtell them apartmake sense 有意义；讲得通教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。make sense of 理解；弄明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义come to ones s

34、enses 恢复理智；醒悟过来in a/one sense 从某种意义上来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构)common sense 常识a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事是没有意义的【即景活用】单句语法填空Can you make sense _what this writer is saying?There is no sense _(buy) expensive clothes for children, as

35、 they soon grow out of them.In no sense _he realize he had made such a serious mistake.答案：ofbuyingdid句型与语法教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。(1)“only状语(从句)”位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。但“only主语”位于句首时不用倒装。(2)if only “但愿；要是就好了”，

36、引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气，表达对现在、将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Only after a year of friendly discussion _Ms Garza finally say yes.答案：did(2)完成句子_cooperate and work well.人们只有相互信任才能很好地合作和工作。_ he had talked to her sooner!他要是早点和她谈谈就好了！答案：Only if people trust each other can theyIf only(3)单句改错Only then she realize ho

37、w much damage had been caused._答案：she前加did教材原句He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，而只有月球围绕着地球转。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空With the boy _(show) us the way, we got there easily.答案：showing(2)

38、完成句子_ , she went home.做完一切事情以后，她回家了。I cant go out _ .因为有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。He used to sleep _ .他过去常开着所有的窗子睡觉。答案：With everything donewith these clothes to washwith all the windows open教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振

39、奋。过去分词inspired和exposed在句中分别作表语和定语。作定语时置于所修饰词之后或之前表示动作完成或被动。作表语时置于系动词之后，说明主语的状态或特征。【特别提醒】单个的过去分词作定语时，常位于它所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后，但单个过去分词修饰something, everything等不定代词时，也要后置。【即景活用】单句语法填空Have you read the novel _(write) by Mo Yan?After the heavy rain, many cars got _(catch) in the mud.The childre

40、n were all _after they heard the _news that their team had won the game. (inspire)答案：writtencaughtinspired; inspiringJohn Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he _1_ (attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for _2_ (defeat) “King Cholera”Cholera was

41、a _3_ (dead) disease and neither its cause _4_ its cure was understood. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that man

42、y victims _5_ (link) to the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle _6_ (remove). Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew _7_ conclusion that the polluted water was _8_ (blame)The water _9_ (company) were instructed not to expose people _10_ polluted water anymore. Finally “

43、King Cholera” was defeated.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案：1.attended2.defeating3.deadly4.nor5.linked6removed7.the8.to blamepanies10.to.单句语法填空1Only when he arrived _the meeting begin.答案：did“only状语(从句)”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。由时间状语从句when he arrived可知，应用一般过去时，故填did。2Neither I nor John _(be) tired of t

44、he speech. It is interesting.答案：isneither . nor . 连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则，故填is。3_(absorb) in writing a letter, he didnt even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbedbe absorbed in .“全神贯注于”，此处为分词作状语，故填Absorbed。4That you _(expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.答案：are exposedbe

45、exposed to .“暴露于；接触”。5There is no sense in _(worry) about the future.答案：worryingThere is no sense in (doing) sth. “(做)某事是没有意义的”。6While _(attend) to the central task, we should unfold the work in other fields.答案：attendingattend to “处理；照料”，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语部分含有be动词的相应形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，补充完整为：While we a

46、re attending to .，故填attending。7The bank manager was really _(blame), though he tried to put it on a clerk.答案：to blamebe to blame “应受责备；应承担责任”，为主动形式表示被动意义。8Mr Reed made up his mind to contribute all he had to _(set) up some schools for poor children.答案：settingcontribute . to .“为奉献”，其中to为介词，其后应用名词、代词或

47、动名词形式，故填setting。9My parents tend to accept any idea _(put) forward by experts on TV.答案：putput forward “提出”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词idea。10I recognized her voice _moment I picked up the receiver.答案：thethe moment “一就”。.单句改错1Although defeating in the match, we didnt lose heart._答案：defeatingdefeated此处表示在比赛中

48、被打败，故应用过去分词表被动。2When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely absorbing in the newspaper._答案：absorbingabsorbed(be) absorbed in “全神贯注于”，此处为过去分词短语作状语。3It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control._答案：去掉amake sense to do sth. “做某事是明智的，合乎情理的”，为固定用法，故

49、去掉a。4Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result._答案：isareneither . nor . 连接两主语时，谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。5The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting, in my opinion, is quite practical._答案：去掉was或was前加which/that该句中已有谓语动词is, 故put forward at yesterdays meeting为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰作主语的名词plan；也可用定

50、语从句作定语修饰先行词plan，因此添加定语从句的关系词引出定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，所以在was前加which/that。.语法填空China will allow all couples to have two children，_1_ (give) up its decadeslong onechild policy, the Communist Party of China (CPC) _2_ (announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.The change of policy is intended to balance p

51、opulation development and meet the challenge of an aging population, according to a communiqu (公报)_3_ (issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法机关) _4_ it c

52、omes into force.Chinas family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s _5_ (control) the rapid _6_ (grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples _7_ one child, and as to rural couples, they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl. The policy w

53、as later relaxed. Parents _8_ were both only children in their family could have _9_ second child.The onechild policy was _10_ (far) loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only chi

54、ld.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国的“全面二孩”政策的由来。1giving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语China与give up之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词ing形式作状语，故填giving。2announced考查动词的时态。根据时间状语on Thursday可知，本处应用一般过去时。3issued考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，issue与communiqu之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词issued作定语。4before考查连词。句意：提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准

55、。before “在之前”。5to control考查非谓语动词。中国于20世纪70年代晚期开始实施计划生育政策以控制急剧增长的人口。本处应用动词不定式作目的状语。6growth考查词性转换。此处表示控制急剧增长的人口，应用名词作宾语，故填growth。7to考查介词。limit . to . “限定到”是固定搭配。8who/that考查定语从句的引导词。夫妇双方均为独生子女的，还可以再生一个孩子。本处先行词为parents，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。9a考查冠词。序数词前用不定冠词，意为“再，又”。这里指“再生一个小孩，或可生第二个孩子”。10further考查副词的比

56、较级。根据句意“一孩政策进一步放松”可知，本处应用比较级；由于本处不是表距离，而是表事情的程度，故填further。.短文改错One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of waste fell in the sky, nearly hitting him on his head. He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident. Dropped the things he had bought to the ground, he ra

57、n away rapidly. What dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment. It was that person who was to blame for. Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other. Only when we each behaved properly can our society be changed into a

58、 pleasant one.答案：One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of waste fell the sky, nearly hitting him on head. He was greatly by the unexpected incident. the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a care

59、less neighbour living in an apartment. It was that person who was to blame . Every one of us should behave politely and think more about . Only when we each properly can our society be changed into a pleasant one.难项分析：第二处：histhe考查冠词。动词sb.介词the身体部位为固定用法，此处表示“几乎击中了他的头部”。第四处：DroppedDropping考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语

60、he与分词之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。第九处：otherothers考查代词。other为形容词“其他的”；others为代词，指代“其他人”。单元加餐练.完形填空Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full _1_ of the facts he observes. He doesnt accept ideas which are not _2_on obvious fac

61、ts, and therefore _3_to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas _4_ and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of _5_ science may perhaps be considered to _6_ as far back as the _7_ of Roger Bacon,the wonderful philosopher of Oxford,who lived _8_ the years 1214 and 12

62、92. He was probably thefirst in the Middle Ages to suggest that we must learn science _9_ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _10_ many important truths.Galileo (15641642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, F

63、rance, Germany, and England, _11_ began to show how many important _12_ could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more _13_ towards the earth than small ones, _14_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _15_ of the Leaning Tower

64、of Pisa, let fall two _16_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileos _17_ of going direct to Nature, and proving our _18_ and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.What _19_ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it cle

65、arly that successful scientists are those whose observations have _20_ better results.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过实例阐明自己的观点：一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。1A.useBtimeCspeedDtrust答案：A根据语境可知，此处是make use of “利用，使用”这一固定词组。2A.reliedBbasedCinsistedDcentered答案：B根据该空前的“He doesnt accept ideas”和后面的“on o

66、bvious facts”可知，此处是be based on/upon这个固定词组，表示“以为基础，基于”。3A.refusesBdesiresCintendsDregrets答案：A由空格前面的“doesnt accept”和“and therefore”可知，此处应选refuses，表示“拒绝”。4A.casuallyBcarefullyCquicklyDsecretly答案：B结合语境“He always checks ideas”和后面的“makes experiments to prove them”可知，此处表示仔细地核查那些观点。5A.naturalBphysicalCancie

67、ntDmodern答案：D根据下一段的最后一句话中的“that has led to all the discoveries of modern science”可知，此处表示modern science “现代科学”的兴起。6A.dateBkeepClookDcome答案：A由下文的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。date back是一个固定词组，意为“追溯到”。7A.studyBtimeCyearDbirth答案：B结合空格后面的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，此处表示罗杰培根那个时代。time这里指“时代

68、，年代”。8A.bothBeachCbetweenDamong答案：C根据空格后面的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，此处应选between与and连用，表示“在和之间”。9A.inBwithConDby答案：D 根据后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处表示通过(by)观察我们周围的事情并做实验，因此选by。10A.broughtBdiscoveredCtookDgave答案：B结合空格后面的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现(discovered)了很多重要

69、的真理。11A.whoBwhenCthatDwhere答案：A结合空格前面的“was the greatest of several great men”可知，先行词是men，故用who引导定语从句。12A.truthsBproblemsCpeopleDsubjects答案：A由空后的“could be discovered by observation”及上文第10空所在句子可知，很多真理可以通过观察得到发现。truth “事实，真理”。13A.slowlyBrapidlyClightlyDheavily答案：B结合空格前面的“large bodies fell more”和后面的“towa

70、rds the earth than small ones”可知，在Galileo之前，学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快，因此选rapidly “迅速地”。14A.althoughBbecauseCwhenDif答案：B根据 “Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为(because)亚里士多德是这样说的。15A.placeBfootCtopDceiling答案：C结合空格后面的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _16_ stones”可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。16A.bigBsmallCequal

71、Dunequal答案：D由第13空中的关键信息“large bodies”和“small ones”可知，此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头，因此选unequal “不相等的”。17A.spiritBskillCtheoryDdiscovery答案：A由后面的 “of going direct to Nature”可知，此处表示探索自然的精神(spirit)。18A.plansBopinionsCworldDability答案：B与后面的 “andtheories by experiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点(opinions)和理论。19A.makesB

72、preventsCconsidersDpromises答案：A由下文中的“are those whose observations have _20_ better results”可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。make “使变成”符合句意。20A.foreseenBrejectedCproducedDchallenged答案：C结合上文中所举的例子可知，观察已经产生(produced)了更好的结果。.阅读理解AAlbert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, and his achievement was e

73、ven greater than only a few other great scientists have achieved.AnAmericanuniversity president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity (特性)of time and space and so onbut even ordinary men

74、now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 young Einstein had been worldfamous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace

75、and quietness were broken by World War .Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World War

76、I, honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people.He was well known for his humble (谦逊的) manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been ach

77、ieved by others if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism (纳粹) when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了著名科学家爱因斯坦的事迹，及其对科学和历史产生的巨大影响及其重大贡献。1The main idea of the first paragraph is _ .Athe difficult

78、y of Einsteins thought to othersBthe feeling of an American university president towards EinsteinCthe difference between science and historyDthe change in human thought produced by Einstein答案：D段落大意题。第一段讲述了爱因斯坦对科学和历史产生了巨大影响，同时也使人们的思想产生了巨大的变化。2It seems to the American university president that _ .AEin

79、stein achieved more than any other scientist in historyBeverybody understands Einsteins scientific ideas Cthe new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyoneDour ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein答案：D推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，爱因斯坦的理论使人们对宇宙的看法发生了转变。3Einstein did his g

80、reatest work _ .Awhen Nazism roseBwhen he was youngCduring World War Dafter he left Europe答案：B推理判断题。由第三段和最后一段可知爱因斯坦在一战和纳粹时期，几乎没有正常工作，排除A项和C项；本文也没有讲述他离开欧洲以后的科研情况，排除D项；由第二段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，B项所述正确。4From the passage we can know that _ .AGermans usually have a high respect for scienceBEinstein had other int

81、erests besides scienceCEinstein was forced to work again in 1918DEinstein led a quiet life during World War 答案：A推理判断题。由第四段中的第一、三句及最后一段中的“he was honoured in Germany”可知，德国人民尊敬爱因斯坦，尊敬科学。B项文中未提及；C、D两项与文意不符。BWhen Alfred Nobel created the prizes that bear his name, he decided that they be given for work d

82、one in the previous year. But it has led to all kinds of troubleas it did once again this month, when the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology was awarded to a dead man.It is a complex story, one that could not have been foreseen when Nobel, the Swedish inventor, died in 1896. But it all traces bac

83、k to his will, written at a time when international prizes were an original idea.Nobel did not say why he wanted to reward scientists who “made the most important discovery” during the previous year. One can guess that he wanted to reward presentday innovation and not to give tombstone awards to Gal

84、ileo, Hippocrates, and other scientists from centuries past.But will and science often got involved. The oneyear timing proved impractical; scientific findings generally need to be tested, sometimes for decades, before their value is appreciated.Perhaps to avoid the Galileo problem, the Nobel Founda

85、tion did state clearly that the award be given only to living people; that rule was made formal in the 1970s. But the rule against posthumous (死后的) awards has now been violated several timesmost recently this month, when the prize in medicine was given to Dr Ralph M. Steinman, a scientist at Rockefe

86、ller University, who died three days before his election. His discovery, called dendritic cells (树突细胞), took place in 1973.The first posthumous winner was the poet Erik Karlfeldt. Karlfeldt had refused his selection in 1918 because he was a longtime member of the Swedish Nobel Academy. When he was s

87、elected again in 1931, he had died that April. What happens if a candidate dies? The Nobel Foundation might consider changes at its next meeting. One possibility would betowithhold (阻止) the announcement of an award until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls.篇章导读：

88、本文是一篇议论文。全文论述了诺贝尔奖的评奖规则应做一些变革的原因。5What did Alfred Nobel create the prizes for?ATo make himself remembered forever.BTo attract international attention to Sweden.CTo encourage contributions to mankind.DTo honor some dead outstanding discoverers.答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“he wanted to reward scientists who m

89、ade the most important discovery”可知，他创立该奖的目的就是鼓励科学发现或重大成就。6Why has the Nobel Prize brought about trouble?AThe oneyear timing is not workable.BNobel Foundation tries to break his will.CNobels fortune is not well managed.DCandidates are hard to be selected worldwide.答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The oneyear timi

90、ng proved impractical; scientific findings generally need to be tested, sometimes for decades, before their value is appreciated.”可知以一年为评定时效不可行，故答案为A。7What do the examples of the scientist Ralph M. Steinman and the poet Erik Karlfeldt suggest?AThe Nobel Foundation should obey the rules.BSome rules o

91、f the prize call for reform.CThe Nobel Academy failed to perform their duty.DThe winner should live a very long life.答案：B推理判断题。根据上文可知，诺贝尔奖规定只颁发给健在的科学家，可是这一年的诺贝尔医学奖颁发给了已经去世的Ralph M. Steinman, 1931年的诺贝尔文学奖颁发给了已逝的诗人Erik Karlfeldt，这两个例子足以说明诺贝尔奖的一些规定需要改革。8According to the last paragraph, the Nobel Prize

92、is announced to the winner _ .Ain secretBthrough a visitCby emailDon the telephone答案：D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句话中的“until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls”可知，诺贝尔奖是通过电话通知获奖人，故答案为D项。.短文改错How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while its tim

93、e go back to school. This winter I spend ten days studying maths, chemistry and physics, none of which was easily for me.And I still had some fun during theSpring Festival. I had attended my uncles wedding and my aunt was very beautiful. To my disappoint, I didnt get many lucky money as I had expect

94、ed. I also went to the cinema with several classmates. We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling “Red Lobster”. The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.答案：How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home its time go back t

95、o school. This winter I ten days studying maths, chemistry and physics, none of which was for me. I still had some fun during theSpring Festival. I attended my uncles wedding and my aunt was very beautiful. To my ， I didnt get lucky money as I had expected. I also went to the cinema with several cla

96、ssmates. We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant “Red Lobster”. The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed .1whilewhen考查状语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，该句用了“hardly.when. ”句型。2time后加to考查非谓语动词。It is/was time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“该做某事的时候到了”。3spendspent考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语This wi

97、nter可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。4easilyeasy考查形容词。根据该句中的系动词was可知，该处应当用形容词作表语。5AndBut考查连词。上文陈述寒假“我”花了很多时间学习数学、物理和化学，但没有一门对于“我”来说是简单的；该句陈述在春节期间仍然玩得很开心。据此可知，此处表示转折关系。6去掉had考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。7disappointdisappointment考查名词。to ones disappointment为固定搭配，意为“令某人失望的是”。8manymuchmoney为不可数名词，应当用much修饰；many修饰可数名词复数。9callingcalled考查非谓语动词。动词call和restaurant之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，该处意为“一家被称为Red Lobster的饭店”，故用过去分词作后置定语。10myselfourselves考查反身代词。根据该句主语we可知，应用ourselves。