2021届高考二轮英语专题专练学案：专题7真题分块练习谓语与非谓语 WORD版含答案.docx

1、第七讲：真题分块练习谓语动词与非谓语动词一、理解概念1谓语动词指的是在句中充当谓语的实义动词，其形式主要体现为各种时态的动词形式。2非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语的不定式、动名词和分词等的动词形式。非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，没有人称和数的变化，但是有相应的时态和语态变化。二、牢记特性(一)必须性一般而言，一个简单句必须有谓语动词。同时，谓语动词需考虑时态、语态和主谓一致等。 例1(2020全国卷)The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess

2、 _61_ (touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin.分析：分析句子结构可知，“the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess”是插入语，故61题处是谓语动词，再根据时间状语last week可知，此处用一般过去时态。故填touched。例2(2020新高考全国卷)The parts of a museum open to the public _40_ (call) galleries or rooms.分析：分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语，此处描述的是客观事实，

3、应使用一般现在时；主语是复数概念，与call是动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故填are called。一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词，若句中出现两个以上的动词，需用连词把它们连接起来。复合句中，有几个简单句就有几个谓语动词。如果既没有连词，也不是复合句，那么第二个动词就作非谓语动词。例3(2020全国卷)They represent the earth _63_ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.分析：句中谓语动词为represent，所以设空处为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用

4、现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。例4(2019全国卷)On the last day of our weeklong stay, we _69_ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _70_ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.分析：“On the last day of our weeklong stay”为时间状语，we是句子的主语，后缺少谓语动词，故第69题作谓语。

5、结合时间状语可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，且we与invite之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且本句主语we为复数概念，故填were invited。第70题所在的空前无连词或引导词，在句中已有谓语动词的情况下，第70题应填非谓语动词形式。根据主语we与listen之间为主动关系，此处应填现在分词listening，且与后面and连接的现在分词meeting并列，表示伴随。例5(2019全国卷短文改错)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for

6、football.分析：句中已有谓语动词cheered，且say与谓语之间无连词连接，所以say应用非谓语动词形式。因主语players与say之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故将say改为saying。三、巧用方法若句中的各分句之间有 “and, but, so, if, because”等连词时，说明动词是谓语动词；若句子中的主干句后有“逗号”，后面无连词，则该动词应用非谓语动词形式。题组1示例He volunteered to help control traffic, _ (donate) an hour of his time every week.He voluntee

7、red to help control traffic, and _ (donate) an hour of his time every week.分析两句的差别是连词and。分析句子结构可知，中空格处为现在分词作状语；中空格处由and连接与volunteered并列作谓语。故填donating；填donated。题组2示例The guide _ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.The guide _ (lead) the way, so we had no trouble getting out of

8、the forest.分析两句的差别是连词so。分析句子结构可知，句为独立主格结构作原因状语，且guide与lead之间为主谓关系；句so连接两个并列句，空格处所填词应与第二个并列分句的谓语动词时态一致。故填leading；填led。题组3示例The party will be held in the garden, weather _ (permit)The party will be held in the garden, if weather _ (permit)分析两句的差别是连词if。分析句子结构可知，句为独立主格结构作条件状语，且weather与permit之间为主谓关系；句为if

9、引导的条件状语从句。故填permitting；填permits。题组4示例Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, and all his attention _ (fix) on it.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, (with) all his attention _ (fix) on it.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, _ (fix) all his attention on it.分析三句的差别是逗号后面的部分。分析

10、句子结构可知，句为and连接两个并列句，通过对其时态、语态的分析，应用一般过去时的被动语态；句为独立主格结构(with复合结构)，且attention与fix之间为动宾关系；句为现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填was fixed；填fixed；填fixing。四、知晓关键1非谓语作目的状语时用不定式(2020全国卷)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 to_find (find) and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin.(2018全国卷)The gove

11、rnment encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to_improve (improve) water quality.2非谓语作伴随状语时用现在分词(2020浙江7月高考)Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.(2016全国卷)People probably c

12、ooked their food in large pots, using (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.(2018全国卷短文改错)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud. waitwaiting3非谓语作介词的宾语时用动名词(2019全国卷)Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) arou

13、nd human settlements .(2019全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for being (be) Britains oldest fulltime employee still working 40 hours a week.(2017全国卷)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.4固定

14、结构中的非谓语动词形式例如be likely to do sth., have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth., spend time (in) doing sth.等。(2020全国卷)They are easy to_care (care) for and make great presents.(2020全国卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out to_find (find) the well-known painter.(2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it w

15、as raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to_get (get) there.(2017全国卷)But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest)五、辨清易混(一)v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作状语的区别v-ing形式作状语表示动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；v.-ed形式作状语表示动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 例1(2020天津高考改编)Th

16、e dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet _ (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.分析：句意：这位舞蹈演员精彩绝伦的演出使观众在演出结束时站起来鼓掌达10分钟之久。句中的the audience 与clap之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，构成have sb.doing sth.结构。实际上clap伴随on its feet 同时发生，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填clapping。例2(2019北京高考)Nervously _2_ (face) challen

17、ges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”分析：分析句子结构可知，本句中谓语动词为know，与设空处之间没有连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式；主语I与动词face之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词形式facing。例3(2018北京高考改编)Ordinary soap, _ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.分析：句意：普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，能有效地处理细菌。分析句子结构可知，此处是条件状语从句if it is

18、 used correctly的省略，省略了if it is，Ordinary soap与use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填used。(二)v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作定语和表语的区别v-ing形式和v.-ed形式都可以作形容词，前者意为“令人的”，后者意为“感到的”。 例4(2020全国卷短文改错)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.分析：frying “正在炸/炒的”，fried “炸好的，炒好的”。 ving形式表示主动、进行的意思，而v.ed形式表示被动、完成

19、的意思。此处表示“我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋”，显然，这道菜是炒好的，故frying改为fried。例5(2019全国卷短文改错)One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.分析：amazed “感到吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，说明人的感受；amazing “令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，描述人或事物本身具有的特征。此处说明主语I的感受，故用ed形式的形容词。故amazing改为amazed。(三)to do不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作

20、定语的区别不定式作后置定语表示动作尚未进行；现在分词作后置定语表示主动、进行；过去分词作后置定语表示被动、完成。 例6(2020浙江7月高考)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _60_ (change) lives.分析：分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰technology，应用不定式，表示农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。 故填to change。例7(2019全国卷)When we got a call _68_ (say) she was shortlisted,

21、 we thought it was a joke.分析：分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语call之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语修饰a call，故填saying。例8(2018浙江11月高考)Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem _62_ (call) caffeinism.You get very nervous and you cant sleep.分析：分析句子结构可知，此处call与problem之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填call的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填called。有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，例

22、如agree, decide, refuse, manage等；而有些动词只跟动名词作宾语，例如avoid, finish, mind, practise等。还有些动词既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，这些都要特别注意。 例9(2019浙江6月高考)But some students didnt want _63_ (wear) the uniform.分析：want后接不定式形式作宾语，故填to wear。例10(2018全国卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_ (look) directly

23、 into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged.分析：句意：我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”， avoid后接动名词作宾语，故填looking。即时强化落实.语法填空(2020烟台高三模拟改编)Last week European Union leaders _1_ (urge) to support rewilding efforts by environmental activist groups, including the World Wildlife Fund.“Rewilding

24、” is a conservation effort _2_ (aim) at returning land to its more natural, undeveloped state.This movement is growing in _3_ (popular) around the world, especially in cities and towns where lawns (草地) covers most areas._4_ (replace) lawns with diverse native plants can help support wildlife like be

25、es and other insects.Native plants can grow in any conditions so there is no need to introduce foreign plants when there _5_ (be) so many other options.Part of the process of rewilding means _6_ (change) the way most people attend to their green spaces.For example, it is not a good idea to clean up

26、your garden immediately at the end of the growing season.It is better to leave dead plants as they are.Birds _7_ favorite food is seeds appreciate it when you dont deadhead flowers.Less cutting of plants and grass lets pollinators (授粉者) get to flowers, and _8_ (fall) leaf collection should be limite

27、d, too.The remains of the garden and lawn provide food and shelter for important insect life.No area is too small, and every space we can leave for nature _9_ (blossom) is valuable.So youd better tell neighbors about your rewilding project, _10_ they might misunderstand your effort as simple lazines

28、s.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章以欧盟领导人敦促包括世界野生动物基金会(World Wildlife Fund)在内的环保组织要支持重建野生环境的努力为背景，讲述了重建野生环境的基本过程。1urged考查动词的时态。根据句首Last week可知，事件是发生在过去，时态要用一般过去时。 故填urged。2aimed考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作定语。be aimed at .，表示“目的是”。故填aimed。3popularity考查名词。空处位于介词in后，作宾语，应用名词。故填popularity。4Replacing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作主语，应用动名

29、词，故填Replacing。5are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据主谓一致规则，there be 结构中，be的形式使用就近原则。本句中，be 动词后so many other options为复数名词短语，且本段的时态为一般现在时。故填are。6changing考查非谓语动词。固定搭配mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”。故填changing。7whose考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“_7_ favorite food is seeds”是一个定语从句，Birds为先行词，关系词在从句中作定语，故填关系代词whose。8fallen考查非谓语动词。空处和其后的leaf构成修饰关系，

30、修饰名词要用形容词。结合文意，此处表示“落叶”，fall的过去分词形式fallen，表示“已经落下的”，故填fallen。9to blossom考查非谓语动词。句意：每个地方都不小，我们能留给大自然的每一个开花的空间都是宝贵的。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。10otherwise/or考查连词。句意：所以你最好告诉你的邻居你的重建野生环境的计划，否则他们会误会你的努力只是懒惰。根据语境，逗号之前讲述你最好告诉邻居你做什么，逗号后的内容为邻居对你的努力的结果的否定评价，所以前后为截然相反的意思，故填otherwise/or。.短文改错March 5th is a da

31、y in honor of Lei Feng, who people are called on to help others.On the morning of that day this year, our class met the school gate and went to a Hope Primary School by the bus.Upon arriving there, they gave us a warmly welcome.We gave the students some books, food or clothes.And then, we played sev

32、eral game with them and told them stories.Before we leave, we took a photo with them.See their smiling faces, we both felt a sense of happiness.We went home and promised to go back whenever possible.How an unforgettable experience it was!答案：第一句：whowhen第二句：met后加at; 去掉by后的the第三句：warmlywarm第四句：orand第五句

33、：gamegames第六句：leaveleft第七句：SeeSeeing; bothall第九句：HowWhat二、辨清谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致一、判定时态的“5种方法”1“定义”法通过时态的准确定义，再结合句意就可以确定谓语动词的时态。例1(2020新高考全国卷)Often, only a small part of a museums collection _41_ (be) on display.分析：此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。主语a small part of a museums collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。例2(201

34、9全国卷)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.分析：此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且空前的主语为six，指代six recognized polar bear subpopulations，表示复数意义，故本空应填are。例3(2019江苏高考改编)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr.Sm

35、ith _ (fall) in love with the people and culture there.分析：句意：史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就爱上了那里的人和文化。这里描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填fell。2“状语”法通过题干中的yesterday, tomorrow, since, over the years, so far等明显的时间状语可以迅速确定谓语动词的时态和语态。例1(2020浙江7月高考)By about 6000 BC, people _61_ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise

36、.分析：根据时间状语By about 6000 BC 可知，空格处的谓语动词需用过去完成时，表示到过去某个时间为止已经完成或发生的动作。故填had discovered。例2(2019全国卷)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_ (make) over the years.分析：结合空格后面的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处表示“近些年结交的所有朋友们”，因此空处应用现在完成时。故填have made。例3(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in China a

37、nd so too has its top crop.Since 2011, the country _61_ (grow) more corn than rice.分析：由时间状语“Since 2011”可知，这里要用现在完成时。主语“the country”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。例4(2019江苏高考改编)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _ (install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.分析：根据时间状语by 2022可知，空处应用将来完成时。5G

38、terminals和动词install之间是被动关系，故空处应用将来完成时的被动语态。故填will have been installed。例5(2017全国卷)My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school _69_ (come) first.分析：由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指现在发生的事情，因此用一般现在时。故填comes。3“顺序”法通过判断句中动词所表示的动作发生的先后关系，可以确定谓语动词的时态和语态。例1(2020全国卷)When he asked the villager

39、s on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _66_ (point) down the river.分析：分析句子结构可知，and连接的是并列谓语，根据句中的“smiled”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。例2(2019全国卷)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65_ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.分析：分

40、析句子结构可知，and连接的是并列谓语，根据句中的“shared”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填recommended。例3(2019浙江6月高考)One study in America found that students grades _62_ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.分析：根据语境可知， improve表示的动作与空前的谓语动词found同时发生，宾语从句中应用过去时态，故填improved。注意：此处improve表示“提高”，是不及物动词，应用主动形式。例4(2018北京高考改编)A resc

41、ue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ (trap) in the mountains for two days.分析：句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。根据语境可知，trap所表示的动作发生在risked之前，为“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时；又因为trap与主语who(指代“two tourists”)之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been trapped。4“语境”法在无时间状语和其他参照的动词时态时，通过“语境暗示”可以确定谓语动词的时态和语态。例1(2019北京高考)

42、On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I _1_ (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends？”分析：根据语境可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时，所以填voiced “表达，吐露”。例2(2019天津高考改编)I _ (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I

43、couldnt manage it.分析：句意：我本希望送给彼得一件礼物来祝贺他结婚，但是我没能做到。根据语境可知，本句中“希望送礼物”发生在“没能做到”之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had hoped。例3(2019全国卷短文改错)One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.分析：根据语境可知，作者描述的是过去发

44、生的事情，因此应将最后一句中的is改为was。5“句式”法通过所掌握的常用句式也可以迅速确定谓语动词的时态和语态。典例(2017天津高考改编)I _ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.分析：此处是be doing .when .结构，意为“正在做，这时(突然)”。故填was driving。二、判定语态的“2种方法”1“标志词”法通过句中的“by .”表示被动语态的标志词，可以判断谓语动词的语态。典例(山东高考改编)Millions of pounds worth of damag

45、e _ (cause) by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.分析：分析句子结构可知，空格处是谓语动词。空格后的“by”往往是被动语态的标志词，故可判断此处应用被动语态。再根据时间状语last night可知，该动作已经发生。最后结合句意可知该句强调暴风雨给英国北部带来的影响，故用现在完成时的被动语态has been caused。2“顺句意”法通过尝试理顺句子的意思，可以判断谓语动词的语态。典例(2020全国卷)The artist was sure he would _63_ (choose), but

46、when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed.分析：句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的重臣时，这位老人笑了。根据句意可知，主语he与choose之间构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。三、判定主谓一致的“3个原则”1“语法一致”原则(1)单数可数名词或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数；复数可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数。(2)定语从句中的关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保

47、持一致。(3)单个动名词、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。但what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数。(4)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。例1(2020 全国卷)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers _62_ (carry) special significance.分析：句中why引导表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decora

48、ting with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。例2(2018浙江11月高考)Caffeine, a chemical typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply.You probably have been using caffeine since childhood.Caffeine _57_ (be)

49、in your first Coke.分析：根据上文内容以及空处所在句中的“in your first Coke”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事，且主语是不可数名词Caffeine，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填was。例3(2019天津高考改编)Amy, as well as her brothers, _ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.分析：句意：上周艾米和她的兄弟们回到村子里的时候受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语“last week”可知，应用一般过去时；as well as连接两个并列的

50、主语时，谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致，主语Amy为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为give与主语Amy之间为被动关系，故填was given。2“意义一致”原则(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；若被看作是构成集体的个体成员，谓语动词则用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。(2)“分数/百分数/the majorityof名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most,

51、 the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。例1(2020天津高考改编)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _ (remain) around that level ever since.分析：根据句中的时间状语ever since 可知，需用现在完成时，而句子主语是The number of medical schools，所以谓语用第三人称单数。故填has remained。例298% of the surface _ (cover) permanently by ice

52、 and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline.分析：本句主语为“分数of名词”，其中名词the surface为单数，故谓语动词应用单数形式；根据句意，此处描述客观事实且表示“被覆盖”，故填is covered。3“就近一致”原则由either .or ., neither .nor ., not only .but also .等连接的并列主语或者在there be句型中，谓语动词常与就近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。典例Not only Jasper but also his friends _

53、 (be) planning to go, because they have never been there before.分析：主语由not only .but also连接，谓语动词应与his friends保持一致，再结合本句时态可知，应填are。特别提醒特殊动词特殊对待有些动词(短语)的用法特殊，例如belong to不用于进行时和被动语态；date back to/date from常用于一般现在时等，对此熟练掌握是准确解题的前提。典例It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and wr

54、ite _ (belong) to all people.分析：主句为It is about taking action to show the world，that引导宾语从句，其中主语是the right to read and write，为单数， belong to为从句的谓语，它不用于进行时和被动语态，故填belongs。 即时强化落实.语法填空(2020广元二模改编)Visitors to Britain may find the best place to enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub.A team of _1_ (res

55、earch) have discovered some of the unknown culture of British pubs starting with the difficulty of _2_ (get) a drink.This may sound inconvenient, but there is _3_ hidden meaning.Pub culture _4_ (form) to improve sociability in a society that is known for its coldness.Standing at the bar for service

56、_5_ (allow) you to chat with others who are waiting to be served.The bar counter is _6_ (possible) the only place in Britain where a friendly talk with strangers _7_ (consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior._8_， if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall f

57、lat.For example, if you are in a big group, _9_ is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks.Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry _10_ (much) than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国的酒吧

58、文化，以及在英国的酒吧里应该如何了解到本土文化。1researchers考查名词复数。a team of后接可数名词复数形式。2getting考查非谓语动词。of是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。3a考查冠词。meaning作“意思”讲时，是可数名词，单数形式前加a表示泛指。4is formed考查时态和语态。主语Pub culture与form之间构成被动关系，且由上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态形式。5allows考查时态和主谓一致。动名词短语Standing at the bar for service作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。又因为叙述的是一般性事实，故用一般现在时。6pos

59、sibly考查副词。使用副词possibly作为状语，对谓语进行修饰。7is considered考查时态和语态。该句的主语是talk而不是strangers。再结合上下文和句意可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。8However考查副词。 根据句意可知，空处上下文之间为转折关系，故填However。9it考查it用法。it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to go to buy the drinks。10more考查比较级。根据句中than可知，用比较级more。.短文改错Great changes have been taken place in my village.Ten year

60、s ago, the small and low houses of my village lie on the north of a lake.The villagers produced many waste.As a result, the lake was serious polluted.To the west of the village was a sandy field, where was the source of much dust.Now the poor house have been replaced by green trees.However, the sand

61、y field that the villagers used to plough has been covered of fruit trees.On the lake, now clean and clear, the villagers often spend their spare time fish.In word, my village has become a green one.答案：第一句：去掉been第二句：lielay第三句：manymuch第四句：seriousseriously第五句：wherewhich第六句：househouses第七句：HoweverBesides/Additionally; ofwith第八句：fishfishing第九句：In后加a