2022高考英语外研版一轮总复习学案：专题三　介词和介词短语 WORD版含解析.docx

1、专题三介词和介词短语核心考点课堂突破高考感悟.单句填空1.(2020全国卷)Orange trees are more decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.2.(2020全国卷)Bamboo plants are associated health,abundance and a happy home.3.(2020全国卷)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist earth,Mother Nature.4.(2020新高考全国卷)Museums

2、 must compete peoples spare time and money with other amusements.5.(2019全国卷)Modern methods tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.6.(2019全国卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs,seven to

3、 be exact.7.(2018全国卷)I was searching these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.8.(2018北京卷)Good morning,Mr Lees office.Good morning.Id like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon.9.(2017全国卷)It allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and wo

4、rk.10.(2017全国卷)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.11.(2017江苏卷)Determining where we are in relation our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.单句改错1.(2020全国卷)After that I poured oil into

5、 a pan and turned off the stove.2.(2020全国卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again,so that we can practice together on every day.3.(2020全国卷)Im glad to know that youve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.4.(2019全国卷)From now on,I started to play football with classmates after s

6、chool.5.(2019全国卷)When I studied chemistry high school,I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.6.(2019全国卷)I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”.考点归纳考点一介词分类简单介词about,across,after,against,among,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on合成介词inside,into,onto,out of,outside

7、,throughout,upon,within,without短语介词according to,because of,instead of,up to,due to,owing to,thanks to双重介词from among,from behind,from under,till after,in between分词转化成的介词considering(就而论),including形容词转化成的介词like,unlike,near,opposite考点二方位介词介词图示意义例句in在之内We went for a ride in the car.on在上面The three brother

8、s sat down on the carpet.over在(正)上方She had to jump over the fence to get home.under在(正)下方Most of the iceberg is under the water.above在上方The plane flew above the clouds.below/beneath在下方The fields are below sea level.by在旁边Wheres the bank?Its just by the post office.besideHe does not hesitate to ask he

9、r to sit beside him.near在附近He was born in a small village near the town.续表介词图示意义例句next to紧挨A man next to me was smoking,and the smoke really bothered me.behind在后面Keith wandered along behind us.before在之前She placed a plate of food before him.outside在外面He was wearing his shirt outside his jeans.to到去The

10、 army marched to the front line.from从来He flew from London to Paris.(a)round围绕The wind and snow still howled around them.between在之间(指二者)He was sitting between two old ladies.among在之间(指三者或三者以上)We stood there among piles of wooden boxes.across横过、越过Pipes carry oil across the desert.through穿过We drove thr

11、ough the tunnel.onto向上A strong wind arose and blew our boat onto the rock.into进入The olives were packed into jars by hand.out of从出来Julia ran out of the room.续表介词图示意义例句along沿着He drove his car along East Street.up向上The child climbed up three stairs without help.down向下She nailed down the corners of the

12、carpet.考点三常用介词区别表示时间的in,on,atat表示片刻的时间;in表示一段时间;on总是与日子有关表示时间的since,fromsince指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用;from指从时间的某一点开始表示时间的in,afterin指在一段时间之后;after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范围内;on指与什么毗邻;to指在某环境范围之外表示“在上”的on,inon只表示在某物的表面上;in表示占去某物一部分表示“穿过”的through,acrossthrough表示从内部通过,与in有关;across表示在表面上通过

13、,与on有关表示“关于”的about,onabout指涉及;on指专门论述between与among的区别between表示在两者之间;among用于三者或三者以上的中间表示“用”的in,with和bywith表示使用具体的工具;in表示使用某种材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音;表示使用交通方式多用by,名词前不加冠词,用in或on时,名词前要加冠词as与like的区别as意为“作为,以地位或身份”;like意为“像一样”,指情形相似in与into的区别in通常表示位置(静态);into表示动向,不表示目的地或位置表示“除之外”的介词besides表示包含,“除之外还有”;except

14、表示排除,“除之外”,不放在句首;but表示排除,多与nobody,none,no one,nothing,anything,everyone,all,who等连用;except for表示“除之外”,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加以修正。apart from表示“此外,除之外还有”,相当于besides/as well as续表表示原因的介词for表示原因,常与sorry,famous,punish,praise,thank,blame等词连用;at指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而”;from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸、劳累等;of指“内在的原因”,如疾病、饥饿、年老等;with指

15、生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因;by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因考点四常用介词短语atat lunch在吃午饭;at table在吃饭;at school在上学;at peace在和平时期;at first=at the beginning初期;at the beginning of在的初始阶段;at the end of.在结束时inin a sense从某种意义上说;in common共同,共有;in place在适当的位置;in practice在实践中,实际上;in public公开地,当众;in turn依次,轮流,反过来;in case以免,万一;in d

16、etail详细地;in office在执政;in power当权,在执政;in progress在进行中;in return作为回报;in time及时,最终;in the way挡路;in exchange for用以交换;in favour of同意,支持;in the meanwhile同时;in spite of不管,不顾;in terms of就来说;in addition to此外,除以外onon behalf of代表;on condition that以作为条件;on sale出售;on strike在罢工;on the increase正在增加;on the go忙个不停;o

17、n the air正在广播;on the contrary相反underunder control在控制之中;under discussion在讨论中;under development在发展中;under construction在建设中;under repair在修理中forfor lack of由于缺乏;for the benefit of为了的利益;as for就而论,关于续表byby chance=by accident偶然,碰巧;by name用名字,名叫;by far到目前为止out ofout of order发生故障,失调;out of place不得其所的,不适当的;out

18、 of control失去控制;out of ones reach某人够不着的地方;out of the question不可能;out of question毫无疑问of+抽象名词of great value=very valuable;of great help=very helpful;of great importance=very important;of great use=very useful;of significance=significant;of interest=interesting;of benefit=beneficialto+ones+情感名词amazemen

19、t (惊奇),admiration (羡慕),annoyance (烦恼),astonishment (惊奇),delight (欣喜),amusement (娱乐),despair(绝望),disappointment(失望),embarrassment(难堪),happiness(幸福),horror (恐怖),joy (高兴),puzzlement (疑惑),relief (放心),satisfaction (满意),regret (遗憾),shame (羞愧),sorrow (悲伤),surprise (惊讶)注意1.of+抽象名词=形容词of+great/much+抽象名词=very

20、+形容词of+no+抽象名词=not+形容词Thebookisofgreatvaluetoourresearch.这本书对我们的研究有很大的价值。Iregrettohaveboughtabookofnouse.我非常后悔买了一本没有用的书。IfindEnglishofvitalimportance.我认为英语极为重要。2.to与情感名词连用,表示“某种行动后产生的感觉”。to+ones+情感名词=tothe+情感名词+ofsb.Toourgreatsurprise,theboyliedtotheteacher.令我们非常吃惊的是,那个男孩对老师撒谎了。专项训练巩固提升.单句填空1.Well b

21、e free tomorrow,so I suggest a visit the history museum.2.Mom told me that nothing red looked good against my skin.3.“We didnt know what had happened her,” said the woman at the door.4. electricity,life would not be so convenient today.5.Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs purpose.6.reality,its t

22、he chair that does the important work.7.So scientists have come up a shocking idea.8. the way,whats your name?9.We can hardly believe such a young boy should have traveled around the world all himself.10.He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes the sun.单句改错1.My aunt advised my sister to marry

23、 Henry,but she married with Frank at last.2.From this experience,I have realized a good decision benefits from people.3.We can finish the work either this week or in next week.4.More than one official has served for the people heart and soul.5.You are required to write your story with your own words

24、.6.We walked down the stairs instead taking the elevator.7.I have made rapid progress under the help of my teacher.8.This term I joined in the Chinese painting club in our school.9.An incident happening in a rainy Sunday afternoon changed my attitude.10.Because eating too much without much exercise,

25、he has put on weight.语法填空A pet shop is to provide the first ever pet and human first aid training course 1.their team of 600 shop floor staff at stores 2.the US.The full day course will cover two parts with the first half focused 3. humans and the second stage on dog and cat first aid.Topics covered

26、 will include varieties 4. daily situations that require first aid skills such as dealing 5.minor injuries,shock and unconsciousness.Lucy Ross,Head of Training at Pets Corner,said, “At Pets Corner,we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach 6. everything that we do and this includes h

27、aving the best trained staff in the industry.Every human customer 7. well as their pet animals is also welcome into our storesso it makes sense that our staffs first aid knowledge extends 8. the standard expectations.Its our mission to provide all of our staff 9.the tools and knowledge they need to

28、feel confident 10.helping both pets and customers.”.短文改错Joshua Lionel Cowen was born in August 25,1877 in New York City.When he was seven,he made a toy train out of wood with an engine was built in it.Later,the engine blew up and his family didnt blame him.At the age 23,he worked in a fan company.He

29、 fixed a battery-powered fan motor in a wooden train.Then he sends the wooden train to a toy store,and there it replaced the train pushing round by hand,and was showed in the shop window.Soon it was popular with the customers who brought Christmas gift.It was because of his invention which the compa

30、ny took off.Success comes from practice.If you have any good idea,put it into practice,and eventual one day,you will succeed like Joshua Lionel Cowen.专题三介词和介词短语核心考点课堂突破高考感悟.1.than2.with3.on4.for5.of/for6.of7.for8.for9.from10.in11.to.1.offon2.去掉介词one后加to4.nowthen5.在high前加in/at6.去掉such as后的like专项训练巩固提升.1.to2.but3.to4.Without5.on6.In7.with8.By9.by10.from.1.去掉with2.去掉from3.去掉in4.去掉for5.within6.在instead后加of7.underwith8.去掉joined后的in9.inon10.在because后加of.1.to2.in3.on4.of5.with6.to7.as8.beyond9.with10.in.Joshua Lionel Cowen was born