Unit 5 Topic 2 知识清单2019-2020学年八年级下册英语期末知识清单及训练(仁爱版).docx

1、Unit 5 Topic2知识清单一、词汇1.examgzmn.考试,测验2.strictstrktadj.严格的,严厉的,严谨的,精确的3.be strict with对严格要求4.shyaadj.怕羞的,畏缩的,害羞的5.take it easyv.从容,不紧张,松懈,轻松6.failfelv.失败,不及格,忘记n.不及格,不及格者7.someonepron. smwn有人,某人8.feelingfiln.触觉,感觉,同情adj.富于感情的,仁慈的9.jokedkn.笑话,玩笑v.(和.)开玩笑10.by the way adv.在途中,顺便11. yeahjeadv.是12.usualj

2、uladj.平常的,通常的,惯例的13.as usually象往常一样14. eitheriadj.任一的, (两方中的)每一方的conj.或者,也15.acceptkseptvt.接受,认可,承担,承兑vi.同意,承认16.lovelylvliadj.可爱的,有趣的17.helpfulhelpfladj.有帮助的,有用的,有益的18.internationalntnn()ladj.国际的,世界的n.国际性组织,国际比赛19.uselessjuslsadj.无用的,无效的,无益的,无价值的20.dealdiln.交易,待遇vi.处理,应付,做生意vt.分配21.deal withv.安排,处理

3、,涉及,做生意22.eldereldn.年长者,老人,父辈adj.年长的,资格老的23.refuserfjuzvt.拒绝,谢绝n.废物,垃圾24.sadnesssdnsn.悲哀,悲伤25.anyoneenwnpron.任何一个26.unfairnfeadj.不公平的27.thoughadv.虽然,可是conj.虽然,尽管28.even though adv.即使29.notany longer = no longer不再二、词形变化1.sad adj. 伤心的，悲伤的sadly adv,sadness n2.almost/nearly adv.几乎，差不多3. fair adj. 公平的unf

4、air adj,不公平的4.use v./n 使用/用途useful adj. 有用的useless adj. 无用的5.usual adj.通常的，平常的usually adv.通常6.love v.爱,热爱lovely adj.可爱的7.help v.帮助helpful adj.有用的，有益的三、重点句型1. Im sorry/glad to hear that.听到这我很难过/高兴。2. What seems to be the problem?出了什么问题？3. Thank you for telling me.谢谢你告诉我。4. -How are you feeling today?

5、你今天感觉怎么样？5. Im feeling better now.我现在感觉好多了。6. Im feeling really sad because I failed the English exam.我感觉真的很伤心因为我英语考试不及格。7. Why dont you talk to someone when you feel sad?当你伤心的时候为什么不和某人交谈下呢？8. Who do you want to make friends with?你想和谁交朋友？9. There, there! It will be OK.好了，好了！一切都会好起来的。10. Are you OK t

6、oday?你今天好吗？11. I find it difficult to learn English well.我发现把英语学好很难。12. Dont worry, Ill help you with it.别担心，我会帮助你的。13. Youre so kind to me.你对我如此好。14.How time flies!时光飞逝！15.I live as happily as before.我像以前一样幸福的生活。16.It seemed that the people here were not so/as friendly as before.似乎这儿的人们没有以前那么友好。17.

7、 I was really upset and lonely.我今天真的很心烦和孤独。18. Would you like to become my friend?你愿意成为我的朋友吗？19. I think I should have a talk with her.我认为我应该和她谈谈。四、重点短语、句子1.look worried看起来担忧2.What seems to be the problem? 问题是什么？3.have problems with在某方面有问题4.fail /do badly in the English exam英语考试不及格5.be strict with h

8、erself对她自己严格6.have no friends to talk with没有可交谈的朋友7.Thank you for telling me.谢谢你告诉我8.have a talk with her和她谈一谈9.be worried about her=worry about her 担心她10.lose the way=be lost=get lost迷路11.cheer sb. up 使某人振作12.send this card to you 寄这张贺卡给你13.work harder努力学习14.Dont worry=Take it easy 别担心15.talk with

9、others=have a talk with others 和其他人交谈16.be your friend=become your friend 成为你的朋友17.find it difficult to learn English well发现学好英语难18.after talking with her 和她交谈后19.at your age 在你这个年纪20.know little about Chinese对中文几乎不了解21.tell me jokes 给我讲笑话22.make me laugh 让我大笑23.seem to like me 似乎喜欢我24.have a good r

10、est 好好休息一下25.be friends with me=make friends with me 和我交朋友26.How time flies! 时光飞逝！27.wish to visit you希望拜访你28.a few months ago几个月前29.sleep as well as usual睡得和往常一样好30.be used to anything here习惯这里的任何事情31.as clean as the roads in our hometown 和我们家乡的路一样干净32.with the help of my teachers在我的老师们的帮助下33.be af

11、raid to talk with/to others害怕与其他人交谈34.live as happily as before和之前一样开心地生活35.make a face 做鬼脸36.learn English as well as Michael英语学得和迈克一样好37.dont run as fast as Michael（我）跑得不如迈克快38.solve a problem 解决一个问题39.how deal with如何处理40.Its useless to be angry生气是没有用的41.learn something from sb.从某人身上学到些事42.elder/o

12、lder brother哥哥43.refuse to play soccer 拒绝踢足球44.He doesnt stay in his room by himself any longer.=He no longer stays in his room by himself.他不再独自一人待在他的房间里45.He no longer hates the driver.=He doesnt hate the driver any longer他不再恨那个司机五、知识详解1.seem的用法seem +从句：It seems/ed that he is/was ill.seem +to do：He

13、 seems/ed to be ill.seem+形容词.：He seems/ed ill.2.do badly/well in=be bad/good at在某方面做得好/不好3.She has no friends to talk with.她没有可以交谈的朋友。（动词不定式在此处做后置定语）4.have a talk with sb.=talk to/with sb.与某人交谈5.be worried about sth对感到担心=worry about sth担心6.send sth to sb.=send sb. sth把某物寄给某人7.Take it easy.别着急！/别紧张！8

14、.I want to be your friend.我想成为你的朋友。= I want to make friends with you.我想和你交朋友make friends with sb.和某人交朋友9. fail/pass the exam考试不及格/通过考试10.Everyone gets these feelings at your age.at ones age在某人的这段年龄时区别：at the age of在岁时in ones teens在某人十几岁时11. call sb. at+号码 打 号码找某人e.g. call Mr. Wang at 228790412.12.to

15、o much+不可数n.太多的much too+adj.实在太13.get/be used to doing sth习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常做e.g. I am/get used to getting up early.我习惯于早起。14.as+ adj./adv.原级+ as 和一样e.g. -Helen is as tall as Maria.e.g. -Helen runs as quickly as Lily.not + as/so+ adj./adv. 原级+ as不如e.g. -Helen isnt as tall as Maria.e.g. -Helen doe

16、snt sing as/so well as Lucy.注：无论是肯定结构asas还是否定结构not as/soas.，中间都用adj/adv原级。谓语若是be,则用adj.原级；谓语若是v.,则用adv.原级。15.speak in public在公共场所说话16.fall asleep入睡make faces做鬼脸17.be killed in 在中丧身e.g. He was killed in the accident.18.refuse to do拒绝做某事；19.even though=even if尽管,即使；20.不再no longer=notany longer(多用于延续性v

17、.)You wont live in Fuzhou any longer.=You will no longer live in Fuzhouno more=notany more(多用于短暂性v.)e.g. You wont see him any more.=You will see him no more.21.do badly in=be bad at在某方面做的差22.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格23.have a talk with sb.与某人交谈24.be worried about=worry about担心25.take it easy放松点，别紧张2

18、6.fail the English exam英语考试不及格27.fail to do sth.失败做某事28.at ones age 在某人这个年龄时 29.tell jokes 讲笑话30.sb. find/think it+adj. to do sth.某人认为/发现做某事是31.be kind/friendly to sb.对某人友好32.wish to do sth./ hope to do sth.希望做某事；wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事；sb. wish/hope that.某人希望33.whats more 而且34.that替代前面所提到可数名词单数或

19、不可数名词those替代前面所提到可数名词的复数35.be afraid of doing sth.be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事33.as+adj/adv.(原级)+as 和一样not as/soas (asas否定形式)36.make faces做鬼脸37.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事38.deal withdo with 处理，解决39.go to the movies 去看电影40.no longer=notany longer不再41.though/even though虽然，尽管（不能和but连用，但可与still，yet连用）42.be/ge

20、t used to doing sth.习惯于做某事used to do sth.习惯于做某事六、语法1.原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由。通常由because, as, since等词引导。e.g. Because I lost my cellphone, I didnt call you yesterday.因为我手机丢了，所以昨天没有给你打电话。We chose Calvert to lead us as he said he knew the way.我们选择让卡尔弗特带我们走，因为他说他认识路。Since you are so young, you should b

21、e modest.既然你这么年轻，就应该谦虚一点。以上例子都是原因状语从句，但从从属连词方面来说，它们有区别。1）because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，从句可放于句首，也可放句尾，想强调什么，就把什么放在句首。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.他没去上学，是因为他病了。Because they asked me to do it, I did it.因为他们要我做，所以我做了。2）as和since 语气较弱，用来表示非常明显的原因或者对方已经了解的原因，引导的从句一般要放在句首。e.g. As he knew nothing

22、 about the matter, he kept quiet during the meeting.因为他对此事一无所知，所以在会上什么也没说。Since we have no money, we cant buy it.既然我们没有钱，就不能买它。3）for表示的原因不是直接原因，而是多种情况的推测，是一种补充说明，因此for引导的分句一般不放在句首，属并列句。e.g. He wore more clothes, for it was cold.因为天气很冷，他多穿了些衣服。He was blamed for being late again.他因再次迟到而受到责备。2.副词或形容词的同

23、级比较大多数形容词或副词有比较等级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。形容词副词的同级比较结构:1）肯定句的句式结构。A + be + as+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表示A、B两者比较程度相同，即“A和B一样”。e.g. This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。Diana sings as sweetly as her sister.戴安娜唱得和她姐姐一样甜美。2）否定句的句式结构。A+ be+not +as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表示A、B两者程度不同，即“A不如B那么”。e.g. S

24、pring is not as/so cold as winter.春天不像冬天那么冷。She didnt sing so/as well that night as she usuallydoes.那天晚上她没有平常唱得那么好。3）表示倍数，如“一半/两倍/三倍/四倍/”相当于“half/twice/threetimes/four times/ . + as 形容词或副词原级+as .”结构。e.g. The room is twice as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。The plane flew ten times as high as the kite.那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。